References
- Antonovsky, A., 1979. Health, stress, and coping. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Arup, 2017. Cities alive: designing for urban childhoods. London: Arup.
- Bishop, K. and Corkery, L., 2017. Designing cities with children and young people: beyond playgrounds and Skate Parks. New York: Routledge.
- Christian, H., et al., 2015. The influence of the neighborhood physical environment on early child health and development: a review and call for research. Health & place, 33, 25–36. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.01.005
- Cooper, A.R., et al., 2010. Patterns of GPS measured time outdoors after school and objective physical activity in English children: the PEACH project. The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 7, 31. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-31
- Danenberg, R., Doumpa, V., and Karssenberg, H., eds., 2018. The city at eye level for kids. Amsterdam: Stipo Publishing. ISBN 978-91-7729-838-0. Available from: https://bernardvanleer.org/app/uploads/2019/06/eBook_CAEL_Kids_Book_Design_Kidsgecomprimeerd.pdf
- de Leeuw, E. and Simos, J., 2017. Healthy cities. 1st ed. New York, NY: Springer New York.
- EcoMobility World Festival, 2013. EcoMobility world festival 2013 report. Available from: http://www.ecomobilityfestival.net/home/suwon-2013/
- Engemann, K., et al., Mar 2019. Residential green space in childhood is associated with lower risk of psychiatric disorders from adolescence into adulthood. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 116 (11), 5188–5193. doi:10.1073/pnas.1807504116
- Ferguson, A., 2019. Playing out: a grassroots street play revolution. Cities & health, 1–9. doi:10.1080/23748834.2018.1550850
- Gehl Institute, 2017. Space to grow: 10 principles that support healthy, happy families in a playful, friendly city. Available from: https://gehlinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/GehlInstitute_SpaceToGrow_single_pages.pdf
- Gill, T., 2008. Space‐oriented children’s policy: creating child‐friendly communities to improve children’s well‐being 1. Children & society, 22 (2), 136–142. doi:10.1111/j.1099-0860.2007.00139.x
- Gill, T., 2019a. Building cities fit for children: case studies of child-friendly urban planning and design in Europe and Canada. Available from: https://www.wcmt.org.uk/fellows/reports/building-case-child-friendly-urban-planning
- Gill, T., 2019b. Designing cities for outdoor play. In: R.E. Tremblay, M. Boivin, and P. RDeV, eds. Brussoni M, topic ed. Encyclopedia on early childhood development. Available from: http://www.child-encyclopedia.com/outdoor-play/according-experts/designing-cities-outdoor-play. [Published May 2019; Accessed 8 Aug 2019].
- Gill, T., 2019c. Available from: https://rethinkingchildhood.com/2019/06/25/tirana-city-child-friendly-revolution-urban-planning/
- Ginsburg, K.R., Jan 2007. The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bonds. Pediatrics, 119 (1), 182–191. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2697
- Goldfeld, S., et al., 2019. Creating community indicators for early childhood development: challenges and innovations from the kids in communities study. Cities & health, 1–10. doi:10.1080/23748834.2019.1596525
- Goodman, A., Page, A.S., and Cooper, A.R., 2014. Daylight saving time as a potential public health intervention: an observational study of evening daylight and objectively-measured physical activity among 23,000 children from 9 countries. The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 11 (1), 84. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-11-84
- Hamilton, J., 2017. Relationships between outdoor and classroom task settings and cognition in primary schoolchildren. Thesis submitted for the award of PhD. Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh.
- Hancock, T. and Duhl, L.J., 1986. Healthy cities: promoting health in the urban context. A background working paper for the Healthy Cities Symposium, 7–11 April. Lisbon, Portugal, 366–371
- International Play Association, 2019. The child’s right to play. Available from: http://ipaworld.org/childs-right-to-play/the-childs-right-to-play/
- Kalache, A. and Kickbusch, I., 1997. A global strategy for healthy ageing. World health, 50 (4), 4–5.
- Kemple, K.M., et al., 2016. The power of outdoor play and play in natural environments. Childhood education, 92 (6), 446–454. doi:10.1080/00094056.2016.1251793
- Kyttä, A.M., Broberg, A.K., and Kahila, M.H., 2012. Urban environment and children’s active lifestyle: SoftGIS revealing children’s behavioral patterns and meaningful places. American journal of health promotion, 26 (5), e137–e148. doi:10.4278/ajhp.100914-QUAN-310
- Kyttä, M., et al., 2015. The last free-range children? Children’s independent mobility in Finland in the 1990s and 2010s. Journal of transport geography, 47, 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2015.07.004
- Kytta, M., 2004. The extent of children’s independent mobility and the number of actualized affordances as criteria for child-friendly environments. Journal of environmental psychology, 24 (2), 179–198. doi:10.1016/S0272-4944(03)00073-2
- Lander, S.M.B., et al. 2019. Associations of extracurricular physical activity patterns and body composition components in a multi-ethnic population of UK children (the size and lung function in children study): a multilevel modelling analysis. BMC public health, 19 (1), 1–10. doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6343-3
- Louv, R., 2005. Last child in the woods: saving our children from nature-deficit disorder. New York: Algonquin Books.
- Monaghan, J., 2019. Engagement of children in developing healthy and child-friendly places in Belfast. Cities & health, 1–11. doi:10.1080/23748834.2018.1527175
- NACTO, 2019. Streets for kids. Available from: https://globaldesigningcities.org/streets-for-kids/
- NACTO, Rockefeller Foundation & Summit Foundation, 2017. Global street design guide. 1st ed. Available from: https://globaldesigningcities.org/publication/global-street-design-guide/
- NHS Digital, 2014. Health survey England 2012. Available from: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/health-survey-for-england/health-survey-for-england-2012
- Office for National Statistics, 2018. Changing trends in mortality: an international comparison: 2000 to 2016: analysis of period life expectancies and mortality in selected countries globally from 2000 to 2016. Available from: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/lifeexpectancies/articles/changingtrendsinmortalityaninternationalcomparison/2000to2016
- Pascal & Bertram, 2019. Discover research on play. Available from: https://think.taylorandfrancis.com/play-vsi/
- Pearce, M., et al., 2014. Who children spend time with after school: associations with objectively recorded indoor and outdoor physical activity. The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 11 (1), 45. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-11-45
- Play everywhere kaboom. Available from: https://t.co/QEomOjHm3a
- Rittel, H. and Webber, M.M., 1973. Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy sciences, 4 (2), 155–169. doi:10.1007/BF01405730
- Shaw, B., et al., 2015. Children’s independent mobility: an international comparison and recommendations for action. London: Westminster University, Policy Studies Institute.
- Sherar, L.B., et al., 2011. International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD): design and methods. BMC public health, 11 (1), 485.
- Stamatakis, E., Koster, A., Hamer M., et al., 2019. Emerging collaborative research platforms for the next generation of physical activity, sleep and exercise medicine guidelines: the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep consortium (ProPASS). British journal of sports medicine. Published Online First: 10 May 2019. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-100786
- Stanley, R.M., Maher, C., and Dollman, J., 2015. Modelling the contribution of walking between home and school to daily physical activity in primary age children. BMC public health, 15, 445. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1765-7
- Taylor, C. and Coutts, C., 2018. Greenways as safe routes to school in a Latino community in East Los Angeles. Cities & health, 1–17. doi:10.1080/23748834.2018.1462964
- Thaler, R.H. and Sunstein, C.R., 2008. Nudge: improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New York: Yale University Press.
- Unicef, 2012. The state of the world’s children 2012: children in an urban world. New York: UNICEF.
- UNICEF, 2018. Advantage or paradox? The challenge for children and young people of growing up urban. New York: UNICEF.
- Vincelot, J., 2018. Urban95: a global initiative linking early childhood development and the urban field. Cities & health, 1–6. doi:10.1080/23748834.2018.1538178
- Weiss, C., 1979. The many meanings of research utilization. Public administration review, 39 (5), 426–431. doi:10.2307/3109916
- Welsh Government, 2014. Wales: a play friendly country. Cardiff: Welsh Government. Available from: https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/publications/2019-07/wales-a-play-friendly-country.pdf
- WHO, 2010. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: WHO. ISBN: 9789241599979.
- Winge, L. and Lamm, B., 2019. Making the red dot on the map - bringing children’s perspectives to the city planning agenda through visible co-design actions in public spaces. Cities & health, 1–12. doi:10.1080/23748834.2019.1604931
- Wood, J., 2016. Space to participate: children’s rights and the Scottish town planning system. PhD Thesis. Heriot-Watt University. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3401
- Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2003. Youth explosions in developing world cities: approaches to reducing poverty and conflict in an urban age. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.