References
- Abbott, A. (1991). The order of professionalization: An empirical analysis. Work and Occupations, 18, 355–384. doi: 10.1177/0730888491018004001
- Alvesson, M. (2011). Interpreting interviews. London: SAGE.
- Andersson, T., & Carlsson, B. (2009). Football in Scandinavia: A fusion of welfare policy and the market. Soccer & Society, 10, 299–304. doi: 10.1080/14660970902771365
- Audas, R., Dobson, S., & Goddard, J. (1997). Team performance and managerial change in the English football league. Economic Affairs, 17, 30–36. doi: 10.1111/1468-0270.00039
- Audas, R., Dobson, S., & Goddard, J. (1999). Organizational performance and managerial turnover. Managerial and Decision Economics, 20, 305–318. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1468(199909)20:6<305::AID-MDE933>3.0.CO;2-O
- Audas, R., Dobson, S., & Goddard, J. (2002). The impact of managerial change on team performance in professional sports. Journal of Economics and Business, 54, 633–650. doi: 10.1016/S0148-6195(02)00120-0
- Balogun, J., & Johnson, G. (2004). Organizational restructuring and middle manager sensemaking. The Academy of Management Journal, 47, 523–549.
- Besharov, M. L., & Smith, W. K. (2014). Multiple institutional logics in organizations: Explaining their varied nature and implications. Academy of Management Review, 39, 364–381. doi: 10.5465/amr.2011.0431
- Binder, A. (2007). For love and money: Organizations’ creative responses to multiple environmental logics. Theory and Society, 36, 547–571. doi: 10.1007/s11186-007-9045-x
- Bridgewater, S. (2006). An analysis of football management trends 1992-2005 in all four divisions. Warwick: Warwick University Business School.
- Bridgewater, S. (2010). Football management. Hampshire, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Bryant, M., & Stensaker, I. (2011). The competing roles of middle management: Negotiated order in the context of change. Journal of Change Management, 11, 353–373. doi: 10.1080/14697017.2011.586951
- Carter, N. (2007). ‘Managing the media’: The changing relationship between football managers and the media. Sport in History, 27, 217–240. doi: 10.1080/17460260701437045
- Day, D. V., Gordon, S., & Fink, C. (2012). The sporting life: Exploring organizations through the lens of sport. Academy of Management Annals, 6, 397–433. doi: 10.5465/19416520.2012.678697
- Day, D. V., & Lord, R. G. (1988). Executive leadership and organizational performance: Suggestions for a new theory and Methodology. Journal of Management, 14, 453–464. doi: 10.1177/014920638801400308
- de Dios Tena, J.., & Forrest, D. (2007). Within-season dismissal of football coaches: Statistical analysis of causes and consequences. European Journal of Operational Research, 181, 362–373. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.05.024
- Deephouse, D. L., & Suchman, M. (2008). Legitimacy in organizational institutionalism. In R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, K. Sahlin, & R. Suddaby (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of organizational institutionalism (pp. 47–77). London: SAGE.
- De Paola, M., & Scoppa, V. (2012). The effects of managerial turnover: Evidence from coach dismissal in Italian soccer teams. Journal of Sports Economics, 13, 152–168. doi: 10.1177/1527002511402155
- Dervent, F., & Inan, M. (2015). Metaphorical conceptualizations of football coach through social cognitive theory. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3, 158–168. doi: 10.11114/jets.v3i4.826
- DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The Iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48, 147–160. doi: 10.2307/2095101
- Dowling, M., Edwards, J., & Washington, M. (2014). Understanding the concept of professionalisation in sport management research. Sport Management Review, 17, 520–529. doi: 10.1016/j.smr.2014.02.003
- Ebbers, J. J., & Wijnberg, N. M. (2017). Betwixt and between: Role conflict, role ambiguity and role definition in project-based dual-leadership structures. Human Relations, 70, 1342–1365. doi: 10.1177/0018726717692852
- Esteve, M., Di Lorenzo, F., Inglés, E., & Puig, N. (2011). Empirical evidence of stakeholder management in sports clubs: The impact of the board of directors. European Sport Management Quarterly, 11, 423–440. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2011.599210
- Fahlén, J. (2006). Structures beyond the framework of the rink. On organization in Swedish ice hockey (Doctoral dissertation).Umeå University, Umeå.
- Friedland, R., & Alford, R. R. (1991). Bringing society Back in: Symbols, practices and institutional contradictions. In W. W. Powell, & P. DiMaggio (Eds.), The New Institutionalism in organizational analysis (pp. 232–263). Chicago: The University Chicago Press.
- Gammelsæter, H. (2013). Leader succession and effectiveness in team sport. A critical review of the coach succession literature. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 3, 285–296. doi: 10.1108/SBM-06-2013-0015
- Gammelsæter, H., Storm, R., & Söderman, S. (2011). Diverging scandinavian approaches to professional football. In H. Gammelsæter, & B. Senaux (Eds.), The organisation and governance of Top football across Europe: An institutional perspective (pp. 77–93). New York: Routledge.
- Harding, N., Lee, H., & Ford, J. (2014). Who is ‘the middle manager’? Human Relations, 67, 1213–1237. doi: 10.1177/0018726713516654
- Herskedal, K. M. (2017). Exploring the managerial cycle of professional football league managers in England and Norway (Doctoral thesis). Liverpool John Moores University.
- Heuer, A., Müller, C., Rubner, O., Hagemann, N., Strauss, B., & Ermentrout, B. (2011). Usefulness of dismissing and changing the coach in professional soccer. PLoS ONE, 6, e17664. Retrieved from http://www.plosone.org/article/info3Adoi2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0017664 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017664
- Holmes, P. (2011). Win or go home: Why college football coaches get fired. Journal of Sports Economics, 12, 157–178. doi: 10.1177/1527002510378820
- Hughes, M., Hughes, P., Mellahi, K., & Guermat, C. (2010). Short-term versus long-term impact of managers: Evidence from the football industry. British Journal of Management, 21, 571–589.
- Kelly, S. (2008). Understanding the role of the football manager in Britain and Ireland: A Weberian approach. European Sport Management Quarterly, 8, 399–419. doi: 10.1080/16184740802461652
- Kelly, S. (2017). The role of the professional football manager. New York: Routledge.
- Kelly, S., & Harris, J. (2010). Managers, directors and trust in professional football. Sport in Society, 13, 489–502. doi: 10.1080/17430431003588150
- Koning, R. H. (2003). An econometric evaluation of the effect of firing a coach on team performance. Applied Economics, 35, 555–564. doi: 10.1080/0003684022000015946
- Kraatz, M. S., & Block, E. S. (2008). Organizational implications of institutional pluralism. In R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, K. Sahlin, & R. Suddaby (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of organizational institutionalism (pp. 243–275). London: SAGE.
- Kvale, S. (1983). The qualitative research interview: A phenomenological and a hermeneutical mode of understanding. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 14, 171–196. doi: 10.1163/156916283X00090
- Kvale, S. (1996). Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
- League Manager Association. (2018). End of season manager statistics. Staffordshire, UK: League Manager Association. Retrieved from http://www.leaguemanagers.com/documents/69/LMA_End_of_Season_Report_and_Statistics_2017-18.pdf
- Mantere, S. (2008). Role expectations and middle manager strategic agency. Journal of Management Studies, 45, 294–316.
- Marquis, C., & Battilana, J. (2009). Acting globally but thinking locally? The enduring influence of local communities on organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 29, 283–302. doi: 10.1016/j.riob.2009.06.001
- McConville, T., & Holden, L. (1999). The filling in the sandwich: HRM and middle managers in the health sector. Personnel Review, 28, 406–424. doi: 10.1108/00483489910286738
- McPherson, C. M., & Sauder, M. (2013). Logics in action: Managing institutional complexity in a drug court. Administrative Science Quarterly, 58, 165–196. doi: 10.1177/0001839213486447
- Meier, H. E. (2008). Institutional complementarities and institutional dynamics: Exploring varieties in European football capitalism. Socio-Economic Review, 6, 99–133. doi: 10.1093/ser/mwm009
- Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structures as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, 340–363. doi: 10.1086/226550
- Molan, C., Matthews, J., & Arnold, R. (2016). Leadership off the pitch: The role of the manager in semi-professional football. European Sport Management Quarterly, 16, 274–291. doi: 10.1080/16184742.2016.1164211
- Morrow, S., & Howieson, B. (2014). The new business of football. A study of current and Aspirant football club managers. Journal of Sport Management, 28, 515–528. doi: 10.1123/jsm.2013-0134
- Morrow, S., & Howieson, B. (2018). Learning to be a professional football manager: A Bourdieusian perspective. Managing Sport and Leisure, 23, 92–105. doi: 10.1080/23750472.2018.1452629
- Nissen, R. (2015). Understanding coach dismissals in European professional football: A new institutional perspective. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 5, 89–106. doi: 10.1108/SBM-10-2013-0034
- Nissen, R. (2016). Hired to be fired? Being a coach in Danish professional football. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 11, 137–148. doi: 10.1177/1747954116636706
- O’Brien, D., & Slack, T. (2003). An analysis of change in an organizational field: The professionalization of English Rugby Union. Journal of Sport Management, 17, 417–448. doi: 10.1123/jsm.17.4.417
- O’Brien, D., & Slack, T. (2004). The emergence of a professional logic in English Rugby Union: The role of isomorphism and Diffusion processes. Journal of Sport Management, 18, 13–39. doi: 10.1123/jsm.18.1.13
- Osborne, A. C., & Coombs, D. S. (2009). Enthusiasts, invaders, and custodians: Media characterizations of foreign owners in Barclays Premier league. International Journal of Sport Communication, 2, 297–318. doi: 10.1123/ijsc.2.3.297
- Parnell, D., Widdop, P., Groom, R., & Bond, A. (2018). The emergence of the sporting director role in football and the potential of social network theory in future research. Managing Sport and Leisure, 23, 242–254. doi: 10.1080/23750472.2018.1577587
- Perry, B. (2000). Football management as a metaphor for corporate entrepreneurship (Working paper no. WP 002/00). Wolverhampton, UK: University of Wolverhampton Business School. Retrieved from http://www.hadjarian.info/esterategic/tarjomeh/kiaei1.pdf
- Reay, T., & Hinings, C. R. (2009). Managing the rivalry of competing institutional logics. Organization Studies, 30, 629–652. doi: 10.1177/0170840609104803
- Roderick, M. (2006). A very precarious profession: Uncertainty, in the working lives of professional footballers. Work, Employment and Society, 20, 245–265. doi: 10.1177/0950017006064113
- Roderick, M. (2012). An unpaid labour of love: Professional footballers, family life, and the problem of job relocation. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 36, 317–338. doi: 10.1177/0193723512445283
- Rowe, W. G., Cannella Jr., A. A., Rankin, D., & Gorman, D. (2005). Leader succession and organizational performance: Integrating the common-sense, ritual scapegoating, and vicious-circle succession theories. The Leadership Quarterly, 16, 197–219. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.01.001
- Sims, D. (2003). Between the Millstones: A Narrative Account of the Vulnerability of middle managers’ Storying. Human Relations, 56, 1195–1211. doi: 10.1177/00187267035610002
- Skelcher, C., & Smith, S. R. (2015). Theorizing hybridity: Institutional logics, complex organizations, and actor identities: The case of nonprofits. Public Administration, 93, 433–448. doi: 10.1111/padm.12105
- Skille, E. (2014). Sport in the welfare state – still a male preserve: A theoretical analysis of Norwegian football management. European Journal for Sport and Society, 11, 389–402. doi: 10.1080/16138171.2014.11687974
- Skirstad, B., & Chelladurai, P. (2011). For ‘love’ or money: A sport club´s innovative response to multiple logics. Journal of Sport Management, 25, 339–359. doi: 10.1123/jsm.25.4.339
- Soebbing, B. P., & Washington, M. (2011). Leadership succession and organizational performance: Football coaches and organizational issues. Journal of Sport Management, 25, 550–561. doi: 10.1123/jsm.25.6.550
- Storm, R. (2009). The rational emotions of FC københavn: A lesson on generating profit in professional soccer. Soccer & Society, 10, 459–476. doi: 10.1080/14660970902771506
- Storm, R. (2011). Winners and losers in Danish football: Commercialization and developments in European and Danish first-tier clubs. Soccer & Society, 12, 737–753. doi: 10.1080/14660970.2011.609677
- Szymanski, S. (2010). The financial Crisis and English football: The dog that will not bark. International Journal of Sport Finance, 5, 28–40.
- Thomas, R., & Linstead, A. (2002). Losing the plot? Middle managers and identity. Organization, 9, 71–93. doi: 10.1177/135050840291004
- Thornton, P. H., & Ocasio, W. (1999). Institutional logics and the historical Contingency of Power in organizations: Executive Succession in the Higher education Publishing industry, 1958–1990. American Journal of Sociology, 105, 801–843. doi: 10.1086/210361
- Thornton, P. H., Ocasio, W., & Lounsbury, M. (2012). The institutional logics perspective: A new approach to culture, structure, and process. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Trequattrini, R., Massaro, M., Lardo, A., & Cuozzo, B. (2019). Knowledge transfer and managers turnover: Impact on team performance. Business Process Management Journal, 25, 69–83. doi: 10.1108/BPMJ-06-2017-0169
- Wagner, U. (2018). Agency constraints and possibilities: Athletes manoeuvring between the logics of community, market, profession and corporation in their quest for individual sponsorships. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 53, 213–233. doi: 10.1177/1012690216643953
- Washington, M., & Ventresca, M. J. (2008). Institutional contradictions and Struggles in the formation of U.S. Collegiate Basketball, 1880-1938. Journal of Sport Management, 22, 30–49. doi: 10.1123/jsm.22.1.30
- Weber, M. ([1904] 2003). Den socialvidenskabelige og socialpolitiske erkendelses ‘objektivitet’ [Die `objektivität´ sozialwissenschaftlicher und sozialpolitischer Erkenntnis]. In H. Andersen, H. H. Bruun, & L. B. Kaspersen (Eds.), Max Weber - Udvalgte tekster [Max Weber - Selected texts] (pp. 65–127). Copenhagen: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
- Wilson, R., Plumley, D., & Flint, S. W. (in press). Making sense of the sack race: The impact of managerial change in the English football league. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal. doi: 10.1108/SBM-10-2018-0079
- Zilber, T. B. (2002). Institutionalization as an interplay between actions, meanings, and actors: The case of a rape crisis center in Israel. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 234–254.