Bourdieu’s practice theory as a multilevel framework for exploring change in disability sport: a case study of disability cricket

References

• Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (1987). Membership roles in field research. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Albrecht, J., Elmose-Østerland, K., Klenk, C., & Nagel, S. (2019). Sports clubs as a medium for integrating people with disabilities. European Journal for Sport and Society, 16(2), 88–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/16138171.2019.1607468
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson, W. (2015). Putting habitus back in its place? Reflections on the homines in extremis debate. Body & Society, 21(4), 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357034X15590486
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aull-Davies, C. (2012). Reflexive ethnography: A guide to researching selves and others. 2nd ed. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203822272
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1998). Practical reason, translated by Richard Nice. Polity Press. (Original work published 1994).
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (2005). Acts of resistance, translated by Richard Nice. Polity Press. (Original work published 1998).
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. J. D. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brittain, I., Biscaia, R., & Gérard, S. (2020). Ableism as a regulator of social practice and disabled peoples’ self-determination to participate in sport and physical activity. Leisure Studies, 39(2), 209–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2019.1694569
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, C. (2020). Football must not forget its inclusive responsibilities in the rush to get fans back into stadiums. Managing Sport & Leisure, Advance Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1858147
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, C., & Pappous, A. (2018). The organisational performance of national disability sport organisations during a time of austerity: A resource dependence theory perspective. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 10(1), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1381635
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Coffey, A., & Atkinson, P. (1996). Making sense of qualitative data: Complementary research strategies. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, M. (2010). From ‘sport for good’ to ‘sport for sport’s sake’ – not a good move for sports development in England? International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 2(3), 367–379. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2010.519342
   Google Scholar
• Cottingham, M., Gearity, B., & Byon, K. (2013). A qualitative examination of disability sport executives’ perceptions of sport promotion and the acquisition of sponsors. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 22(2), 92–100.
   Google Scholar
• Crabbe, T. (2007). Reaching the ‘hard to reach’: Engagement, relationship building and social control in sport based social inclusion work. International Journal Sport Management and Marketing, 2(1/2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2007.011388
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham, G. (2010). Understanding the under-representation of African American coaches: A multilevel perspective. Sport Management Review, 13(4), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.07.006
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham, G. B., & Warner, S. (2019). Baseball 4 all: Providing inclusive spaces for persons with disabilities. Journal of Global Sport Management, 4(4), 313–330. https://doi.org/10.1080/24704067.2018.1477518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darcy, S., & Dowse, L. (2013). In search of a level playing field – the constraints and benefits of sport participation for people with intellectual disability. Disability & Society, 28(3), 393–407. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2012.714258
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darcy, S., Lock, D., & Taylor, T. (2017). Enabling inclusive sport participation: Effects of disability and support needs on constraints to sport participation. Leisure Sciences, 39(1), 20–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2016.1151842
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department for Culture Media and Sport/ Strategy Unit. (2002). Game plan: A strategy for delivering government’s sport and physical activity objectives. Strategy Unit.
   Google Scholar
• Dickson, T., Darcy, S., & Benson, A. (2017). Volunteers with disabilities at the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic games: Who, why, and will they do it again? Event Management, 21(3), 301–318. https://doi.org/10.3727/152599517X14942648527527
   Google Scholar
• Dixon, M. A., & Cunningham, G. B. (2006). Data aggregation in multilevel analysis: A review of conceptual and statistical issues. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 10(2), 85–107. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327841mpee1002_2
   Google Scholar
• Emirbayer, M., & Johnson, V. (2008). Bourdieu and organizational analysis. Theory and Society, 37(1), 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-007-9052-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fine, G. A., Morrill, C., & Surianarain, S. (2009). Ethnography in organizational settings. In D. A. Buchman & A. Bryman (Eds.), The Sage handbook of organizational research methods (pp. 602–619). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• García, B., de Wolff, M., Welford, J., & Smith, B. (2017). Facilitating inclusivity and broadening understandings of access at football clubs: The role of disabled supporter associations. European Sport Management Quarterly, 17(2), 226–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2016.1246584
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gowthorp, L., Greenhow, A., & O’Brien, D. (2016). An interdisciplinary approach in identifying the legitimate regulator of anti-doping in sport: The case of the Australian football league. Sport Management Review, 19(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2015.11.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grix, J. (2009). The impact of UK sport policy on the governance of athletics. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 1(1), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940802681202
   Google Scholar
• Gutt, M. (2014). Disability sport in Europe: Good practice handbook, no. 3. Council of Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Hammersley, M., & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in practice. (4th ed.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hammond, A., & Jeanes, R. (2018). Federal government involvement in Australian disability sport, 1981–2015. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 35(5), 431–447. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2017.1337000
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammond, A., Jeanes, R., Penney, D., & Leahy, D. (2019). “I feel we are inclusive enough”: Examining swimming coaches’ understandings of inclusion and disability. Sociology of Sport Journal, 36(4), 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2018-0164
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, K., & Adams, A. (2016). Power and discourse in the politics of evidence in sport for development. Sport Management Review, 19(2), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2015.05.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houlihan, B., & Green, K. (2009). Modernisation and sport: The examples of UK sport and sport england. Public Administration, 87(3), 678–698. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2008.01733.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe, P. D. (2007). Integration of Paralympic athletes into Athletics Canada. International Journal of Canadian Studies/Revue international d’etudes Candiennes, 35(35), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.7202/040767ar
   Google Scholar
• Hums, M. A., Moorman, A. M., & Wolff, E. A. (2003). The inclusion of the paralympics in the Olympic and amateur sports act: Legal and policy implications for integration of athletes with disabilities into the United States Olympic Committee and national governing bodies. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 27(3), 261–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193732503255480
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibsen, B., Elmose-Østerland, K., Feiler, S., Breuer, C., Seippel, O., Van der Roest, J., & Schreeder, J. (2019). Democratic participation in voluntary associations: A multi-level analysis of sports clubs in Europe. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 30(5), 1148–1163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-018-00088-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ives, B., Clayton, B., Brittain, I., & Mackintosh, C. (2021). ‘I’ll always find a perfectly justified reason for not doing it’: Challenges for disability sport and physical activity in the United Kingdom. Sport in Society, 24(4), 588–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2019.1703683
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeanes, R., Spaaij, R., Magee, J., Farquharson, K., Gorman, S., & Lusher, D. (2018). ‘Yes we are inclusive’: Examining provision for young people with disabilities in community sport clubs. Sport Management Review, 21(1), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2017.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeanes, R., Spaaij, R., Magee, J., Farquharson, K., Gorman, S., & Lusher, D. (2019). Developing participation opportunities for young people with disabilities? Policy enactment and social inclusion in Australian junior sport. Sport in Society, 22(6), 986–1004. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2018.1515202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kappelides, P., & Spoor, J. (2019). Managing sport volunteers with a disability: Human resource management implications. Sport Management Review, 22(5), 694–707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2018.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerr, R., & Robinson, S. (2009). The hysteresis effect as creative adaptation of the habitus: Dissent and transition to the ‘corporate’ in post-Soviet Ukraine. Organization, 16(6), 829–853. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508409337581
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitchin, P. J., & Crossin, A. (2018). Understanding which dimensions of organisational capacity support the vertical integration of disability football clubs. Managing Sport and Leisure, 23(1/2), 28–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2018.1481764
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitchin, P. J., & Howe, P. D. (2013). How can the social theory of Pierre Bourdieu assist sport management research? Sport Management Review, 16(2), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2012.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitchin, P. J., & Howe, P. D. (2014). The mainstreaming of disability cricket in England and Wales: Integration ‘One game’ at a time. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.05.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitchin, P. J., Peile, C., & Lowther, J. (2019). Mobilizing capacity to achieve the mainstreaming of disability sport. Managing Sport & Leisure, 24(6), 424–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2019.1684839
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitchin, P. J., Telford, R. M. T., & Howe, P. D. (2020). An empirical use of organizational habitus and ethnography to explore how sport cultures are negotiated. Sport in Society, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2020.1846526
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maleske, C., & Sant, S. L. (2020). The role of development programs in enhancing organizational capacity of National Paralympic Committees: A case study of the road to the games program. Managing Sport and Leisure, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1819862
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonough, P., & Polzer, J. (2012). Habitus, hysteresis, and organizational change in the public sector. Canadian Journal of Sociology, 37(4), 357–380. https://doi.org/10.29173/cjs11266
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2013). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook, 3rd ed. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Misener, L., & Darcy, S. (2014). Managing disability sport: From athletes with disabilities to inclusive organisational perspectives. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.12.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Misener, K., & Doherty, A. J. (2009). A case study of organizational capacity in nonprofit community sport. Journal of Sport Management, 23(4), 457–482. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.23.4.457
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paramio-Salcines, J. L., Prieto, J., & Llopis-Goig, R. (2018). Managing sporting access and participation: An international perspective. In D. Hassan (Ed.), Managing sport business: An introduction, 2nd ed (pp. 152–175). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Patatas, J. M., De Bosscher, V., Derom, I., & De Rycke, J. (2020). Managing parasport: An investigation of sport policy factors and stakeholders influencing para-athletes’ career pathways. Sport Management Review, 23(5), 937–951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2019.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patatas, J. M., De Bosscher, V., & Legg, D. (2018). Understanding parasport: An analysis of the differences between able-bodied and parasport from a sport policy perspective. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 10(2), 235–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1359649
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pate, J. R., Scheadler, T., Spellings, C., Malnati, A., & Hillyer, S. (2020). Sport as a tool for community leaders of people with disabilities: Exploring an innovative, immersive exchange training program. Managing Sport and Leisure, 25(3), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2019.1653219
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Penfold, C., & Kitchin, P. J. (2020). Will it ever be completely safe to be in a crowd again?”: The return of disabled supporters to football stadiums during COVID-19. Managing Sport and Leisure, https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1850325
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prieto, J., & Paramio-Salcines, J. L. (2018). The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its effects on the promotion of elite disability sport: A worldwide analysis. The Age of Human Rights Journal, 10(10), 119–138. https://doi.org/10.17561/tahrj.n10.6
   Google Scholar
• Purdue, D. E. J., & Howe, P. D. (2015). Plotting a Paralympic field: An elite disability sport competition viewed through Bourdieu's sociological lens. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 50(1), 83–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690212470123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn, N., Misener, L., & Howe, P. D. (2020). All for one and one for all? Integration in high-performance sport. Managing Sport and Leisure, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1829989
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saldaña, J. (2015). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (3rd ed.). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro, D. R., & Pitts, B. G. (2014). What little do we know: Content analysis of disability sport in sport management literature. Journal of Sport Management, 28(6), 657–671. https://doi.org/10.1123/JSM.2013-0258
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, B. (2018). Generalizability in qualitative research: Misunderstandings, opportunities and recommendations for the sport and exercise sciences. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 10(10), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2017.1393221
   Google Scholar
• Smith, B., & McGannon, L. (2018). Developing rigor in qualitative research: Problems and opportunities within sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11(1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2017.1317357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sørensen, M., & Kahrs, N. (2006). Integration of disability sport in the Norwegian sport organizations: Lessons learned. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 23(2), 184–202. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.23.2.184
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sotiriadou, P., & Wicker, P. (2014). Examining the participation patterns of an ageing population with disabilities in Australia. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.04.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storr, R., Jeanes, R., Spaaij, R., & Farquharson, K. (2021). “That’s where the dollars are”: understanding why community sports volunteers engage with intellectual disability as a form of diversity. Managing Sport and Leisure, 26(3) 2021, 175–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1730226
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, N., & Guett, M. (2014). Fragmented, complex and cumbersome: A study of disability sport policy and provision in Europe. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 6(3), 389–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2013.832698
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, N., & Smith, A. (2009). Disability, sport and society: An introduction. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, A., Bloyce, D., & Mackintosh, C. (2021). “It is always going to change” – examining the experiences of managing top-down changes by sport development officers working in national governing bodies of sport in England. Managing Sport and Leisure, 26(1–2) 2021, 60–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1800507
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Amsterdam, N., Claringbould, I., & Knoppers, A. (2017). Bodies matter: Professional bodies and embodiment in institutional sport contexts. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 41(4), 335–353. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723517708904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, C., & Hayton, J. W. (2017). Navigating austerity: Balancing ‘desirability with viability’ in a third sector disability sports organisation. European Sport Management Quarterly, 17(1), 98–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2016.1210190
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicker, P., & Breuer, C. (2014). Exploring the organizational capacity and organizational problems of disability sport clubs in Germany using matched pairs analysis. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, A. L. (2009). Domination in organizational fields: It’s just not cricket. Organization, 16(6), 855–885. https://doi.org/10.1177/135050840937582
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, T., & Cunningham, G. (2017). Disability status, stereotype content, and employment opportunities in sport and fitness organizations. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 7(4), 393–403. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBM-10-2016-0061
   Google Scholar