References (**articles included in systematic review)
- **Acharya, A. K., Suarez, A. M., & Ontiveros, F. D. J. G. (2016). Trafficking of women and children in Mexico: An assessment of anti-trafficking laws. Revista De Cercetare Si Interventie Sociala (Review of Research and Social Intervention). 53, 5–21. Retrieved from http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=4e3fd95e-b0da-46b0-b3cf-800180fa5792@sessionmgr4009&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU=#AN=116853011&db=sih
- **Alexandru, M. L. (2013). Labor exploitation, a form of child trafficking in Romania. Revista De Asistenta Sociala (Social Work Review), 12(3), 37–45. Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/docview/1440066604?accountid=14537
- **Alvarez, M. B., & Alessi, E. J. (2012). Human trafficking is more than sex trafficking and prostitution. Affilia, 27, 142–152. doi:10.1177/0886109912443763
- **Androff, D. K. (2010). The problem of contemporary slavery: An international human rights challenge for social work. International Social Work, 54, 209–222. doi:10.1177/0020872810368395
- **Baker, D. A., & Grover, E. A. (2013). Responding to victims of human trafficking: Interagency awareness, housing services, and spiritual care. Social Work & Christianity. 40, 308–321. Retrieved from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/90416842/responding-victims-human-trafficking-interagency-awareness-housing-services-spiritual-care
- British Association of Social Workers [BASW]. (2012). The code of ethics for social work: Statement of principles. Birmingham, UK: Author. Retrieved from http://cdn.basw.co.uk/upload/basw_112315-7.pdf
- **Bromfield, N. F. (2015). Sex slavery and sex trafficking of women in the United States: Historical and contemporary parallels, policies, and perspectives in social work. Affilia, 31, 129–139. doi:10.1177/0886109915616437
- **Bromfield, N. F., & Capous-Desyllas, M. (2012). Underlying motives, moral agendas and unlikely partnerships: The formulation of the U.S. Trafficking in victims protection act through the data and voices of key policy players. Advances in Social Work. 13, 243–261. Retrieved from https://doaj.org/article/6d5387ab19ab438293336732784ac8cd
- **Busch-Armendariz, N., Nsonwu, M. B., & Heffron, L. C. (2014). A kaleidoscope: The role of the social work practitioner and the strength of social work theories and practice in meeting the complex needs of people trafficked and the professionals that work with them. International Social Work, 57, 7–18. doi:10.1177/0020872813505630
- Busch-Armendariz, N., Nsonwu, M. B., & Heffron, L. C. (2018). Human trafficking: Applying research, theory, and case studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- **Capous-Desyllas, M. (2007). A critique of the global trafficking discourse and U.S. policy. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 34(4), 57–79. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/ps/i.do?ty=as&v=2.1&u=uga&it=DIourl&s=RELEVANCE&p=AONE&qt=SN~0191-5096~~VO~34~~SP~57~~IU~4&lm=DA~120070000&sw=w&authCount=1
- Council on Social Work Education [CSWE]. (2015). Educational policy and accreditation standards for baccalaureate and master’s social work programs. Alexandria, VA: Author. Retrieved from https://www.cswe.org/Accreditation/Standards-and-Policies/2015-EPAS
- **Cree, V. E. (2008). Confronting sex trafficking: Lessons from history. International Social Work, 51, 763–776. doi:10.1177/0020872808095249
- **Cree, V. E., Clapton, G., & Smith, M. (2014). The presentation of child trafficking in the UK: An old and new moral panic? British Journal of Social Work, 44, 418–433. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcs120
- **Dewan, S. E. (2014). Patterns of service utilization among pre-certified victims of human trafficking. International Social Work, 57, 64–74. doi:10.1177/0020872813507592
- Dominelli, L., & Hackett, S. (2012). Social work responses to the challenges for practice in the 21st century. International Social Work, 55, 449–453. doi:10.1177/0020872812440784
- **Edwards, L., & Mika, K. M. (2017). Advancing the efforts of the macro-level social work response against sex trafficking. International Social Work, 60, 695–706. doi:10.1177/0020872815617992
- **Engstrom, D. W., Minas, S. A., Espinoza, M., & Jones, L. (2004). Halting the trafficking of women and children in Thailand for the sex trade: Progress and challenges. Journal of Social Work Research and Evaluation, 5(2), 193–206. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=swh&AN=76563&site=eds-live
- Europe Institute for Social Work. (n.d.). FIGHT – Fight global human trafficking. Retrieved from http://www.socialeurope.de/home/fight.html
- **Flynn, C., Alston, M., & Mason, R. (2012). Trafficking in women for sexual exploitation: Building Australian knowledge. International Social Work, 57, 27–38. doi:10.1177/0020872812452442
- **Gjermeni, E., & Van Hook, M. (2012). Trafficking of human beings in Albania: The role of faith-based programs. Social Work & Christianity. 39, 435–448. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=83406595&site=eds-live
- **Hardy, V. L., Compton, K. D., & McPhatter, V. S. (2013). Domestic minor sex trafficking: Practice implications for mental health professionals. Affilia, 28, 8–18. doi:10.1177/0886109912475172
- **Hayes, S., & Unwin, P. (2016). Comparing the cultural factors in the sexual exploitation of young people in the UK and USA: Insights for social workers. Revista De Asistenta Sociala (Social Work Review), 15(1), 27–39. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=swh&AN=88584&site=eds-live
- Healy, L. M. (2008). International social work: Professional action in an independent world. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
- **Heilemann, T., & Santhiveeran, J. (2011). How do female adolescents cope and survive the hardships of prostitution? A content analysis of existing literature. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 20, 57–76. doi:10.1080/15313204.2011.545945
- Herzog, S. (2008). The lenient social and legal response to trafficking in women: An empirical analysis of public perceptions in Israel. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 24, 314–333. doi:10.1177/1043986208318228
- **Hickle, K. E. (2016). Resiliency and women exiting sex trade industry work. Journal of Social Work, 17, 302–323. doi:10.1177/1468017316644692
- **Hickle, K. E., & Roe-Sepowitz, D. E. (2014). Putting the pieces back together: A group intervention for sexually exploited adolescent girls. Social Work with Groups, 37, 99–113. doi:10.1080/01609513.2013.823838
- Hodge, D. R. (2008). Sexual trafficking in the United States: A domestic problem with transnational dimensions. Social Work, 53, 143–152. doi:10.1093/sw/53.2.143
- **Hodge, D. R. (2014). Assisting victims of human trafficking: Strategies to facilitate identification, exit from trafficking, and the restoration of wellness. Social Work, 59, 111–118. doi:10.1093/sw/swu002
- **Hodge, D. R., & Lacasse, J. R. (2011). Ranking disciplinary journals with the Google Scholar H-Index: A new tool for constructing cases for tenure, promotion, and other professional decisions. Journal of Social Work Education, 47, 579–605. doi:10.5175/jswe.2011.201000024
- **Hodge, D. R., & Lietz, C. A. (2007). The international sexual trafficking of women and children: A review of the literature. Affilia, 22, 163–174. doi:10.1177/0886109907299055
- International Federation of Social Workers [IFSW], International Association of Schools of Social Work [IASSW], & International Council on Social Welfare [ICSW]. (2012). The global agenda for social work and social development: Commitment to action. Journal of Social Work Education, 48, 837–843. doi:10.1080/10437797.2012.10662225
- International Labor Organization [ILO]. (2017). Global estimates of modern slavery: Forced labour and forced marriage. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/global/publications/books/WCMS_575479/lang–en/index.htm
- **Jani, N., & Anstadt, S. P. (2013). Contributing factors in trafficking from South Asia. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 23, 298–311. doi:10.1080/10911359.2013.739010
- **Jani, N., & Felke, T. P. (2015). Gender bias and sex-trafficking in Indian society. International Social Work, 60, 831–846. doi:10.1177/0020872815580040
- **Johnson, B. C. (2012). Aftercare for survivors of human trafficking. Social Work & Christianity. 39, 370–389. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=83406592&site=eds-live
- **Jones, L., Engstrom, D., Hilliard, T., & Diaz, M. (2007). Globalization and human trafficking. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 34(2), 107–122. Retrieved from http://www.heinonline.org.proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/jrlsasw34&div=22
- **Jordan, J., Patel, B., & Rapp, L. (2013). Domestic minor sex trafficking: A social work perspective on misidentification, victims, buyers, traffickers, treatment, and reform of current practice. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 23, 356–369. doi:10.1080/10911359.2013.764198
- **Kotrla, K. (2010). Domestic minor sex trafficking in the United States. Social Work, 55, 181–187. doi:10.1093/sw/55.2.181
- Lundy, M., & Grossman, S. (2005). The mental health and service needs of young children exposed to domestic violence: Supportive data. Families in Society, 86, 17–29. doi:10.1606/1044-3894.1873
- **Lusk, M., & Lucas, F. (2009). The challenge of human trafficking and contemporary slavery. Journal of Comparative Social Welfare, 25, 49–57. doi:10.1080/17486830802514049
- **Lux, K., & Mosley, J. E. (2014). Cross-sectoral collaboration in the pursuit of social change: Addressing sex trafficking in West Bengal. International Social Work, 57, 19–26. doi:10.1177/0020872813505628
- **Maculan, B., Lozzi, E., & Rothman, E. F. (2017). Mixed-gender shelter-based service for child survivors of commercial sexual exploitation (CSEC) in Italy: A case study. Journal of Social Service Research, 43, 358–368. doi:10.1080/01488376.2017.1299828
- **McDonald, L., & Timoshkina, N. (2004). Examining service needs of trafficked women from the former Eastern Bloc: The Canadian case. Journal of Social Work Research and Evaluation, 5(2), 169–192. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=16014423&site=eds-live
- **McIntyre, B. L. (2014). More than just rescue: Thinking beyond exploitation to creating assessment strategies for child survivors of commercial sexual exploitation. International Social Work, 57, 39–63. doi:10.1177/0020872813505629
- Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. & The Prisma Group(2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The Prisma statement. PLoS Med, 6, e1000097. 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
- National Association of Social Workers [NASW]. (2008). Code of ethics. Washington, DC: NASW Press. Retrieved from http://www.naswdc.org/pubs/code/code.asp
- **Noyori-Corbett, C., & Moxley, D. P. (2015). Inequality of women as a factor influencing migration from countries of origin to the United States and its implications for understanding human trafficking. International Social Work, 59, 890–903. doi:10.1177/0020872815580047
- **Noyori-Corbett, C., & Moxley, D. P. (2017). A transnational feminist policy analysis of the trafficking victims protection act. International Journal of Social Welfare, 26, 107–115. doi:10.1111/ijsw.12217
- **Nsonwu, M. B., Welch-Brewer, C., Heffron, L. C., Lemke, M. A., Busch-Armendariz, N., Sulley, C., … Li, J. (2017). Development and validation of an instrument to assess social work students’ perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes about human trafficking questionnaire (PKA-HTQ): An exploratory study. Research on Social Work Practice, 27, 561–571. doi:10.1177/1049731515578537
- **Okech, D., Morreau, W., & Benson, K. (2012). Human trafficking: Improving victim identification and service provision. International Social Work, 55, 488–503. doi:10.1177/0020872811425805
- **Orme, J., & Ross-Sheriff, F. (2015). Sex trafficking: Policies, programs, and services. Social Work, 60, 287–294. doi:10.1093/sw/swv031
- **Pardasani, M. P. (2005). HIV prevention and sex workers: An international lesson in empowerment. International Journal of Social Welfare, 14, 116–126. doi:10.1111/j.1369-6866.2005.00348.x
- **Park, J. H., Lee, K., Hand, M. D., Anderson, K. A., & Schleitwiler, T. E. (2016). Korean survivors of the Japanese “comfort women” system: Understanding the lifelong consequences of early life trauma. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 59, 332–348. doi:10.1080/01634372.2016.1204642
- **Perkins, E. B., & Ruiz, C. (2017). Domestic minor sex trafficking in a rural state: Interviews with adjudicated female juveniles. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 34, 171–180. doi:10.1007/s10560-016-0455-3
- **Popovic, D. J., Sabic, D., Vujadinovic, S., Milincic, M., Dordevic, T., & Boskovic, M. (2014). Modern slavery – Trafficking in human beings in Serbia. Indian Journal of Social Work. 75, 259–280. Retrieved from http://ijsw.tiss.edu/greenstone/collect/ijsw/index/assoc/HASHee86/3621c49d.dir/doc.pdf
- **Potocky, M. (2010). The travesty of human trafficking: A decade of failed U.S. Policy. Social Work, 55, 373–375. doi:10.1093/sw/55.4.373
- **Rigby, P., & Whyte, B. (2015). Children’s narrative within a multi-centred, dynamic ecological framework of assessment and planning for child trafficking. British Journal of Social Work, 45, 34–51. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bct105
- **Roby, J. L. (2005). Women and children in the global sex trade: Toward more effective policy. International Social Work, 48(2), 136–147. doi:10.1177/0020872805050206
- **Roby, J. L., & Vincent, M. (2017). Federal and state responses to domestic minor sex trafficking: The evolution of policy. Social Work, 62, 201–210. doi:10.1093/sw/swx026
- **Roe-Sepowitz, D. E., Hickle, K. E., Dahlstedt, J., & Gallagher, J. (2014). Victim or whore: The similarities and differences between victim’s experiences of domestic violence and sex trafficking. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 24, 883–898. doi:10.1080/10911359.2013.840552
- Schatz, M. C. S., & Furman, R. (2002). Sexual trafficking of girls and young women: Strategies for developing trauma recovery response teams. Social Development Issues, 24(2), 60–67. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edo&AN=13431420&site=eds-live
- **Schrader, E. M., & Wendland, J. M. (2012). Music therapy programming at an aftercare center in Cambodia for survivors of child sexual exploitation and rape and their caregivers. Social Work & Christianity. 39, 390–406. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu:80/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1221237348?accountid=14537
- Sigmon, J. (2008). Combating modern-day slavery: Issues in identifying and assisting victims of human trafficking worldwide. Victims and Offenders, 3, 245–257. doi:10.1080/15564880801938508
- **Sloan, L., & Wahab, S. (2000). Feminist voices on sex work: Implications for social work. Affilia, 15, 457–479. doi:10.1177/088610990001500402
- **Sossou, M., & Yogtiba, J. (2009). Abuse of children in West Africa: Implications for social work education and practice. British Journal of Social Work, 39, 1218–1234. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcn033
- Thyer, B. A. (2005). A note from the editor: A comprehensive listing of social work journals. Research on Social Work Practice, 15, 310–311. doi:10.1177/1049731505276381
- **Tsai, L. C. (2017). Family financial roles assumed by sex trafficking survivors upon community re-entry: Findings from a financial diaries study in the Philippines. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 27, 334–345. doi:10.1080/10911359.2017.1288193
- U.S. Congress. (2013). S. 47 (113th Congress): Violence against women reauthorization act of 2013. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Publishing Office. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov
- U.S. Department of State. (2000). Victims of trafficking and violence protection act of 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Publishing Office. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/10492.pdf
- U.S. Department of State. (2017). Trafficking in persons report. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Publishing Office. Retrieved from https://www.state.gov/j/tip
- United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC]. (2016). Global report on trafficking in persons. Vienna, Austria: Author. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/unodc/data-and-analysis/glotip.html
- **Van Hook, M. P., Gjermeni, E., & Haxhiymeri, E. (2006). Sexual trafficking of women: Tragic proportions and attempted solutions in Albania. International Social Work, 49, 29–40. doi:10.1177/0020872806057086
- **Warria, A., Nel, H., & Triegaardt, J. (2014). Identification and initial care process of child victims of transnational trafficking: A social work perspective. Maatskaplike Werk (Social Work), 50, 529–549. doi:10.15270/50-4-390
- **Warria, A., Nel, H., & Triegaardt, J. (2015). Challenges in identification of child victims of transnational trafficking. Practice, 27, 315–333. doi:10.1080/09503153.2015.1039974
- **Whitaker, M. P., & Hinterlong, J. (2008). Contexts of control: Modern slavery in the United States. Social Development Issues, 30(3), 27–41. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=36620662&site=eds-live
- **Wirsing, E. K. (2012). Outreach, collaboration and services to survivors of human trafficking: The Salvation Army STOP-IT program’s work in Chicago, Illinois. Social Work & Christianity. 39, 466–480. Retrieved from http://proxy-remote.galib.uga.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=83406597&site=eds-live