References
- Agamben, G. 1998. Homo sacer. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Akers, J., and E. Seymour. 2018. Instrumental exploitation. Geoforum 91:127–40. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.02.022.
- American Housing Survey (AHS). 2019. United States Census Bureau.
- American Dream Downpayment Act, Public Law 108–186 (2003).
- American Rescue Plan Act 2021, Public Law 117–2 (2021).
- Arnold, C., R. Benincasa, and M. Childs. 2021. How the government helps investors buy mobile home parks, NPR, December 18. Accessed March 15, 2022. https://www.npr.org/2021/12/18/1034784494/how-the-government-helps-investors-buy-mobile-home-parks-raise-rent-and-evict-pe
- August, M. 2020. The financialization of Canadian multi-family rental housing. Journal of Urban Affairs 42 (7):975–97. doi: 10.1080/07352166.2019.1705846.
- Baker, J., L. Voigt, and L. Jun. 2019. Private equity giants converge on manufactured homes: How private equity is manufacturing homelessness & communities are fighting back. Private Equity Stakeholder Project. Accessed March 15, 2022. https://ourfinancialsecurity.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Private-Equity-GIants-Converge-on-Manufactured-Homes-PESP-MHAction-AFR-021419.pdf
- Belury, L. 2022. Poco a poco: Post-flood survival in the colonias of the Rio Grande Valley. Geographical Review :1–18. doi: 10.1080/00167428.2022.2061858.
- Berenson, A. 2001. A boom built upon sand. The New York Times, November 25. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/25/business/a-boom-built-upon-sand-gone-bust.html
- Bhandar, B. 2018. Colonial lives of property. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
- BiggerPockets. 2014. Selling mobile homes with owner financing. Accessed March 18, 2022. https://www.biggerpockets.com/forums/30/topics/133848-selling-mobile-homes-with-owner-financing
- Blomley, N. 2003. Law, property, and the geography of violence. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 93 (1):121–41. doi: 10.1111/1467-8306.93109.
- Bourke, N., and R. Siegel. 2020. Protections for owners of manufactured homes are uncertain, especially during pandemic. The Pew Charitable Trusts, September 11. Accessed March 15, 2022. https://www.pewtrusts.org/zh/research-and-analysis/articles/2020/09/11/risky-home-financing-options-leave-millions-vulnerable?amp=1
- Bryan, D., D. Harvie, M. Rafferty, and B. Tinel. 2021. The financialized state. In The Routledge handbook of critical finance studies, ed. C. Borch and R. Wosnitzer, 261–77. London and New York: Routledge.
- Burkhart, A. M. 2010. Bringing manufactured housing into the real estate finance system. Pepperdine Law Review 37 (2):427–58.
- Çalışkan, K., and M. Callon. 2010. Economization, part 2: A research programme for the study of markets. Economy and Society 39 (1):1–32. doi: 10.1080/03085140903424519.
- Carpenter, A., T. George, and L. Nelson. 2020. The American dream or just an illusion? Understanding land contract trends in the Midwest pre-and post-crisis. Cityscape 22 (1):37–74.
- Carpenter, A., A. Lueders, and C. Thayer. 2017. Informal homeownership issues: Tracking contract for deed sales in the Southeast. FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper No. 02-17. Accessed March 15, 2022. https://www.atlantafed.org/-/media/documents/community-development/publications/discussion-papers/2017/02-informal-homeownership-issues-tracking-contract-for-deed-sales-in-the-southeast-2017-06-14.pdf
- Cavco Industries. 2021. Investor presentation. Phoenix, AZ, September.
- Coates, T.-N. 2014. The case for reparations. The Atlantic, June. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). 2014. Manufactured-housing consumer finance in the United States. Research Report No. 14-5, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Washington, DC.
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). 2020. “Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Settles with Contract for Deed Companies for Engaging in Deceptive Acts and Practices and Violating Credit Reporting Rules.” Press release, CFPB, Washington, DC.
- Cullen, J. 2003. The American dream. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Davis, M. 2006. Planet of slums. London: Verso. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5842.2006.00797.x.
- Deitz, S., and K. Meehan. 2019. Plumbing poverty: Mapping hot spots of racial and geographic inequality in U.S. household water insecurity. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109 (4):1092–1109. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2018.1530587.
- Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). 2019. Worst case housing needs 2019 report to congress. Washington, DC: Department of Housing and Urban Development.
- Desmond, M. 2016. Evicted. New York: Penguin.
- Dezember, R. 2020. This stock has returned 4100% since the housing crash. Wall Street Journal, February 25. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.wsj.com/articles/this-stock-has-returned-4-100-since-the-housing-crash-11582632000
- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Public Law 111–203 (2010).
- Dorries, H., D. Hugill, and J. Tomiak. 2022. Racial capitalism and the production of settler colonial cities. Geoforum 132:263–70. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.07.016.
- Ely, J. W. 1992. The guardian of every other right. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Fairbanks, R. P. 2009. How it works. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Fairbanks, R. P. 2011. Bodies is what makes it work. Ethnography 12 (1):12–39. doi: 10.1177/1466138110387034.
- Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). 2016. Enterprise duty to serve underserved markets—Final rule. 12 CFR Part 1282. Regulation Identifier No. 2590-AA27. Federal Housing Finance Agency, Washington, DC.
- Fields, D. 2018. Constructing a new asset class. Economic Geography 94 (2):118–40. doi: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1397492.
- Foucault, M. 2008. The birth of biopolitics, trans. G. Burchell, ed. M. Senellart. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Freddie Mac. 2021a. Duty to serve underserved markets plan. Freddie Mac. https://www.fhfa.gov/PolicyProgramsResearch/Programs/Documents/Freddie-Mac-2022-2024-UMP-Redline-Jan2023.pdf
- Freddie Mac. 2021b. Manufactured housing communities (MHC) tenant protection. Freddie Mac MultiFamily. Accessed March 16, 2022.
- Gilmore, R. W. 2006. Golden gulag. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Goodman, L. S., and C. Mayer. 2018. Homeownership and the American dream. Journal of Economic Perspectives 32 (1):31–58. doi: 10.1257/jep.32.1.31.
- Harris, C. I. 1993. Whiteness as property. Harvard Law Review 106 (8):1707–91. doi: 10.2307/1341787.
- Helping Families Save Their Homes Act, Public Law 111–22 (2009).
- Hoffman, J. S., V. Shandas, and N. Pendleton. 2020. The effects of historical housing policies on resident exposure to intra-urban heat. Climate 8 (1):12–26. doi: 10.3390/cli8010012.
- HOPE for Homeowners Program 12 U.S. Code § 1715z–23, 2009.
- Immergluck, D. 2018. Old wine in private equity bottles? The resurgence of contract‐for‐deed home sales in US urban neighborhoods. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 42 (4):651–65. doi: 10.1111/1468-2427.12605.
- Jang-Trettien, C. 2022. House of cards: Informal housing markets and precarious pathways to homeownership in Baltimore. Social Problems 69 (4):928–51. doi: 10.1093/socpro/spab004.
- Kear, T. H., S. Launius, J. Hartman, D. Meyer, and G. Christopherson. 2019. The “manufactured housing gap” in Tucson and Pima County. White Paper No. 12, Making Action Possible in Southern Arizona (MAP Dashboard), Tucson, AZ.
- Kolhatkar, S. 2021. What happens when investment firms acquire trailer parks. The New Yorker, March 8. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/03/15/what-happens-when-investment-firms-acquire-trailer-parks
- Lamb, Z., L. Shi, S. Silva, and J. Spicer. 2022. Resident-owned resilience. Housing Policy Debate. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/10511482.2021.2013284.
- Launius, S., and G. Boyce. 2021. More than metaphor: Settler colonialism, frontier logic, and the continuities of racialized dispossession in a Southwest U.S. city. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 111 (1):157–74. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2020.1750940.
- Leopold, J., M. Cunningham, L. Posey, and T. Manuel. 2016. Improving measures of housing insecurity. The Urban Institute, Washington, DC. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/101608/improving_measures_of_housing_insecurity_2.pdf
- Making Home Affordable Program. Public Law 110–343, 12 U.S.C. 5201 et seq. (2009).
- Manufactured Housing Institute (MHI). 2019. Cost & size comparisons: New manufactured homes and new single-family site-built homes (2012–2017). Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.manufacturedhousing.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/6-UPDATED-Sitebuilt-vs.-MH-2014-2018-Updates.pdf
- Markley, S. N., T. J. Hafley, C. A. Allums, S. R. Holloway, and H. C. Chung. 2020. The limits of homeownership. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 44 (2):310–28. doi: 10.1111/1468-2427.12873.
- McCann, L., R. Hibberd, and M. Kear. 2021. A profile‐based approach to indexing housing vulnerability in Tucson. White Paper No. 18, Making Action Possible in Southern Arizona (MAP Dashboard), Tucson, AZ.
- Meehan, K., J. R. Jurjevich, N. M. Chun, and J. Sherrill. 2020. Geographies of insecure water access and the housing–water nexus in US cities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117 (46):28700–07. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2007361117.
- Melamed, J. 2015. Racial capitalism. Critical Ethnic Studies 1 (1):11.
- Mezzadra, S., and B. Neilson. 2013. Border as method. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
- Mobile homes: Last week tonight with John Oliver. 2019. HBO. April 7.
- Moreton-Robinson, A. 2015. The white possessive: Property, power, and indigenous sovereignty. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Muniesa, F., Y. Millo, and M. Callon. 2007. An introduction to market devices. The Sociological Review 55 (Suppl. 2):1–12. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-954X.2007.00727.x.
- National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act, Public Law 93–383 (1974). May 1, 2023.
- Park, K.‐S. 2016. Money, mortgages, and the conquest of America. Law & Social Inquiry 41 (4):1006–35. doi: 10.1111/lsi.12222.
- Phillips, L. A., P. Solís, C. Wang, K. Varfalameyeva, and J. Burnett. 2021. Engaged convergence research: An exploratory approach to heat resilience in mobile homes. The Professional Geographer 73 (4):619–31. doi: 10.1080/00330124.2021.1924805.
- Pierce, G., C. J. Gabbe, and A. Rosser. 2022. Households living in manufactured housing face outsized exposure to heat and wildfire hazards. Natural Hazards Review 23 (3):04022009–1. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000540.
- Reid, C. K. 2005. Achieving the American dream? A longitudinal analysis of the homeownership experiences of low-income households. Working Paper No. 05-20, Center for Social Development, St. Louis, MO.
- Robinson, J. N. 2020. Making markets on the margins. American Journal of Sociology 125 (4):974–1029. doi: 10.1086/707927.
- Rothstein, R. 2017. The color of law. New York: Liveright.
- Rumbach, A., and E. Sullivan. 2018. Hurricane Harvey, mobile home parks, and flood risk. Quick Response Grant Report Series No. 283, Natural Hazards Center, Boulder, CO.
- Rumbach, A., E. Sullivan, and C. Makarewicz. 2020. Mobile home parks and disasters. Natural Hazards Review 21 (2):05020001-1–13. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000357.
- Satter, B. 2009. Family properties. New York: Picador.
- Schneider, K., N. Schwartz, J. Russell, N. O’Reilly, N. Melton, and S. Leitner. 2021. Manufactured housing finance. Research Report No. 21-5, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Washington, DC.
- Smith, K. 2022. Mobile home residents face higher flood risk. Headwaters Economics, February 10. Accessed March 18, 2022. https://headwaterseconomics.org/natural-hazards/mobile-home-flood-risk/
- Starr, P. 1992. Social categories and claims in the liberal state. Social Research 59 (2):263–95.
- Sullivan, E. 2017. Displaced in place. American Sociological Review 82 (2):243–69. doi: 10.1177/0003122416688667.
- Sullivan, E. 2018. Manufactured insecurity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Sullivan, E. 2022. Personal, not real: Manufactured housing insecurity, real property, and the law. Annual Review of Law and Social Science 18 (1):119–38. doi: 10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-050520-094027.
- Taylor, K-Y. 2019. Race for profit. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- Teresa, B. F. 2022. The reemergence of land contracts in Chicago. Geoforum 130:35–45. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.02.004.
- Teresa, B. F., and K. Howell. 2021. Eviction and segmented housing markets in Richmond, Virginia. Housing Policy Debate 31 (3–5):627–46. doi: 10.1080/10511482.2020.1839937.
- Ward, P. M., H. K. Way, and L. Wood. 2016. Protecting homebuyers in low-income communities. Law & Social Inquiry 41 (1):152–83. doi: 10.1111/lsi.12125.
- Wedeen, S. 2022. The threat of environmental hazards to the rental stock. Housing Perspectives, March 9. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.jchs.harvard.edu/blog/threat-environmental-hazards-rental-stock
- The White House. (2022, May 16). President Biden announces new actions to ease the burden of housing costs. The White House, Washington, DC.
- Wilson, B. 2020. Urban heat management and the legacy of redlining. Journal of the American Planning Association 86 (4):443–57. doi: 10.1080/01944363.2020.1759127.
- WNYC. 2014. From Wall Street to the trailer park. The Takeaway, April 16. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/takeaway/segments/wall-street-trailer-park
- Zainulbhai, S., Z. D. Blizard, and C. J. Richardson. 2021. The lending hole at the bottom of the homeownership market. New America, November 9. Accessed March 16, 2022. https://www.newamerica.org/future-land-housing/reports/the-lending-hole-at-the-bottom-of-the-homeownership-market/