310
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

VidAngel: Content filtering technologies, religion, and American copyright law

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 8-29 | Received 15 Feb 2020, Accepted 24 Sep 2020, Published online: 12 Oct 2020

References

  • Batista, E. (2002, January). TV filter negates naughtiness. Wired.
  • Benzinga. (2016). VidAngel streaming service: Don’t like offensive content in movies? No problem. NASDAQ. Retrieved February 14, 2020, from https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/vidangel-streaming-service-dont-offensive-content-movies-no-problem-2016-03-01.
  • Bergera, G. J., & Priddis, R. (1985). Brigham young university: A house of faith. Signature Books.
  • Berman, J., & Weitzner, D. (1995). Abundance and user control: Renewing the democratic heart of the first amendment in the age of interactive media. The Yale Law Journal, 104(7), 1619–1637. https://doi.org/10.2307/797026
  • Black, G. D. (1994). Hollywood censored: Morality codes, catholics, and the movies. Cambridge University Press.
  • Buckman, R. (2002, September 19). Utah’s cottage film editors have Hollywood crying foul. Wall Street Journal.
  • Call, J. (1999, July). Am.F. video store may be winning the battle with studio over edited films but theater feels backlash from all in Hollywood. Deseret News.
  • Canham, M. (2017, July 16). Salt Lake is Becoming Less Mormon—Utah County is Headed in the Other Direction. Salt Lake Tribune.
  • Carter, E. L. (1998, August). Curtain falls on edited films at BYU. Deseret News.
  • Chun, W. H. K. (2005). Control and freedom: Power and paranoia in the age of fiber optics. MIT Press.
  • Cline, G. H. (2005). On a ClearPlay, you can see whatever: Copyright and trademark issues arising from unauthorized film editing. Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal, 27(3), 567–618.
  • Coleman, G. (2015). Hacker, Hoaxer, Whistleblower, Spy: The Many Faces of Anonymous. Verso.
  • Curse-Free TV. (2020). Retrieved February 13, from http://kwwtx.tripod.com/cftv.htm
  • Disney Enterprises, Inc. (2017). v. VidAngel, Inc., No. 16-56843 (9th Cir.
  • Disney Enterprises, Inc. (2016). v. VidAngel, Inc., (June 9, Complaint for Copyright Infringement and Violation of Digital MIllennium Copyright Act. Demand for Jury Trial.
  • Do-it-yourself censorship system for DVDs. (2001, December) Screen Digest.
  • Downey, G. J. (2008). Closed captioning: subtitling, stenography, and the digital convergence of text with television. The John Hopkins University Press.
  • Ernst, S. (2001, June 17). New CEO steers N2H2 in different direction. Puget Sound Business Journal.
  • Family Entertainment and Copyright Act of House Report 109-33. (2005).
  • Faraci, M. (2016, September 20). “More than two dozen leaders standing with VidAngel in legal.” VidAngel. Battle with Disney while 30,000 donors contribute to legal defense fund. https://blog.vidangel.com/2016/09/20/more-than-two-dozen-leaders-standing-with-vidangel-in-legal-battle-with-disney-while-30000-donors-contribute-to-legal-defense-fund/.
  • Farrell, N. (2003). Frankly we do give a…darn! Hollywood’s battle against unauthorized editing of motion pictures. The ‘CleanFlicks’ case. Utah Law Review, 3, 1041–1076.
  • Feller, G, communication technology in twentieth-century America (2017). Unpublished [doctoral dissertation]. Media as compromise: A cultural history of Mormonism and new. [University of Iowa.
  • Freeman, P. (1997, July 20). The business of blocking objectionable websites. Puget Sound Business Journal.
  • Gillespie, T. (2007). Wired shut: Copyright and the shape of digital Culture. MIT Press.
  • Gillespie, T. (2018). Custodians of the internet: Platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media. Yale University Press.
  • Givens, T. (2007). People of paradox: A history of Mormon culture. Oxford University Press.
  • Gorwa, R. (2019). What is Platform Governance? Information, Communication & Society, 22(6), 854–871.
  • Guins, R. (2009). Edited clean version: Technology and the culture of control. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Haddock, S. (1999, December). Sunrise Video keeps on editing the steam out of owners’ tapes store receives a couple dozen requests weekly. Deseret News.
  • Harmon, J. (2014, January 2014). “Watch: How VidAngel works for movies.” VidAngel. https://blog.vidangel.com/tag/tagging/
  • Harmon, N. (2015, May 15). Street and Game of Thrones?” VidAngel. “Why did VidAngel publish Fifty Shades of Grey, Wolf of Wall. https://blog.vidangel.com/2015/05/15/why-did-vidangel-publish-fifty-shades-of-gray-wolf-of-wall-street-and-game-of-thrones/
  • Harmon, N. (2019, September 7). “Permanent Injunction.” VidAngel. https://blog.vidangel.com/2019/09/07/permanent-injunction/
  • Harmon, N. (2020). May 5). “Letter to Shareholders.” VidAngel. https://blog.vidangel.com/2020/05/05/letter-to-shareholders/
  • Hendershot, H. (2004). Shaking the world for Jesus: Media and conservative Evangelical culture. University of Chicago Press.
  • Horiuchi, V. (2006, July 12). “CleanFlicks Stores Plan for the Worst.” Salt Lake Tribune.
  • Howard, B. (2018, June). “Neal Harmon.” [interview]. Latter-day Profiles. Retrieved February 14, 2020, from http://latterdayprofiles.org/neal-harmon/
  • Intellectual Reserve Inc. v. Utah Lighthouse Ministry, 75 F. Supp 2d 1290. (1999).
  • Interview with VidAngel CEO Neal Harmon (2018, March 19). The Betrayed, the Addicted & the Expert. [audio podcast episode]. Retrieved February 14, 2020, from https://podtail.com/en/podcast/the-betrayed-the-addicted-the-expert/ep-51-interview-with-vidangel-ceo-neal-harmon/
  • Irani, L. C., & Silberman, M. S. (2013). Turkopticon: Interrupting worker invisibility in Amazon Mechanical Turk [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, April). In (pp. 611–620).
  • Johnson, B. (2008). Miracles and sacrilege: Robert Rossellini, the Church, and film censorship in Hollywood. University of Toronto Press.
  • Lee, J. (2018, March). “An interview with VidAngel CEO, Neal Harmon.” Patheos. Retrieved February 14, 2020, from https://www.patheos.com/blogs/chorusinthechaos/vidangel-an-interview-with-ceo-neal-harmon/.
  • Lessig, L. (2006). Code: Version 2.0. Basic Books.
  • Lewis, J. (2000). Hollywood v. hard core: How the struggle over censorship created the modern film industry. NYU Books.
  • Lichtman, D. G., Nyblade, B. (2018). “Filtering films: An empirical study of what consumers would mute and excise from Hollywood fare if only they could.” UCLA School of Law, Law-Econ Research Paper No. 18-08. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3208508 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3208508
  • Mauss, A. (1996). The angel and the beehive: The Mormon struggle with assimilation. University of Illinois Press.
  • Miller, S. (2003, February). G-rated revolutionary. People.
  • Neely, K. (2015, August 13). “Provo Business Joining the Fray of Filtering Media for Family Audiences.” Daily Herald.
  • Noble, D. (1997). The religion of technology: The divinity of man and the spirit of invention. Penguin.
  • Purtill, C. (2016). People are paying to remove sex, violence, and Jar Jar Binks from movies. Quartz. Retrieved February 14, 2020, from https://qz.com/645489/a-new-site-can-take-the-sex-violence-and-jar-jar-binks-out-of-your-movies-and-tv/
  • Radom, R. (2007). Internet filtering companies with religious affiliations in the context of Indiana public libraries. LIBRES: Library and Information Science Research Electronic Journal, 17(2), 1–19.
  • Ramstad, E. (1999, February). TV Guardian screens the tube and filters out foul language. Wall Street Journal.
  • Richtel, M. (1998, September). News watch; for $5, a family video store will cut 2 ‘Titanic’ scenes. New York Times.
  • Roberts, S. T. (2019). Behind the screen: Content moderation in the shadows of social media. Yale University Press.
  • Romboy, D. (1997, October). Utahn says airline-edited flicks ought to land in video stores. Deseret News.
  • Rosenbloom, N. J. (1987). Between reform and regulation: The struggle over film censorship in progressive America, 1909-1922. Film History, 1(4), 307–325.
  • Sag, M. (2012). Predicting fair use. Ohio State Law Journal, 73(1), 47–91.
  • ‘Schindler’ will not be seen at BYU. (1994,September). Associated Press.
  • Stamper, C. (1999, August). A minister’s Curse-Free TV. Wired.
  • Stolow, J. (2013). Deus in machina: Religion, technology, and the things in between. Fordham University Press.
  • Suzor, N. (2019). Lawless: The Secret Rules That Govern Our Digital Lives. Cambridge University Press.
  • Urban, H. (2011). The Church of Scientology: A History of a New Religion. Princeton University Press.
  • Vaughn, S. (1990). Morality and entertainment: The origins of the Motion Picture Production Code authors. The Journal of American History, 77(1), 39–65. https://doi.org/10.2307/2078638
  • Ventimiglia, A. (2019). Copyrighting God: Ownership of the sacred in American Religion. Cambridge University Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.