- Sen Rigun (Qian Liqun), Mo Takuto to Chugoku [Mao Zedong and China] Translated by Mikio Abe, Masahisa Suguki, Jiro Hane, and Tetsushi Maruyama (Tokyo: Seidosha, 2012), 233.
- Isao Yamamoto, Chutai Kankeishi [History of China-Taiwan Relations] (Tokyo: Fujiwara Shoten, 1999), 131.
- Madoka Fukuda, Chugoku Gaiko to Taiwan—Hitotsu no Chugoku Gensoku no Kigen [Chinese Diplomacy and Taiwan: the Origin of the Principle of One China] (Tokyo: Keio Gijuku Daigaku Shuppan Kai, 2013), 137.
- Yuan Liu, “Secure the Period of Strategic Opportunity, War is the Last Choice,” Huanqiu Shibao [Global Times] (February 4, 2013). In this article, however, Lin Yuan mentioned two wars fought by Deng Xiaoping in 1979 and 1983. It is likely that he miswrote the later year.
- Members of the Politburo, Politburo Standing Committee as well as the General Secretary are elected at the 1st Plenary Meeting of the Party Central Committee, which is usually held one day after the closing of the Party Congress.
- author Robert Lawrence, Ta Gaibian le Zhongguo: Jiang Zemin Zhuan [The Man who Changed China: The Life and Legacy of Jiang Zemin] (Shanghai: Shanghai Century Publishing Group, 2005), 419.
- Ibid, 436.
- “Li Zhaoxing Receives People's Daily Interview and Speaks on This Year's Diplomatic Achievements,” The Chinese Government Portal (December 20, 2005), at (http://www.gov.cn/zwhd/2005-12/20/content_132381.htm) (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- “Central Work Conference on External Affairs Held in Beijing, Hu Jintao Delivers an Important Speech,” Xinhua Net (August 23, 2006), at <http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2006-08/23/content_4999294.htm> (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- Stefan Halper, Peking Konsensasu—Chugoku Ryu ga Sekai o Ugokasu. [Beijing Consensus: How China's Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-first Century] Translated by Shigeto Sonoda and Tomoki Kamo. (Iwanami Shoten, 2011).
- Susumu Takahashi, Kokusai Seijishi no Riron [Theories on the History of International Politics] (Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 2008), 95, points out that it is debatable whether this concept can be applied to a country with a socialist system.
- “Wen Jiabao Calls for Reform, Must Break Monopoly of State Owned Bank,” Chinese Net of Voice of Germany (April 4, 2012) at <www.dw.de/温家宝再呼改革 要打破国有銀行壟断/a-15858769> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- “Four Large Imbalances in Income Distribution Brings About Economic and Social Risks,” Xinhua Net (May 21, 2010) at <http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2010-05/21/c_12127004.htm> (searched date: May 22, 2010).
- “The State Council Some Opinions on Encouraging and Guiding the Healthy Development of Private Investment,” Chinese Government Portal (May 31, 2010) at <www.gov.cn/zwgk/2010-05/31/content_1605218.htm> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- “DRC Conducting Anti-Monopoly Investigation at China Telecom and China Unicom,” People's Net (November 9, 2011), at <http://politics.people.com.cn/GB/159296/16187929.html> (searched date: November 10, 2011).
- “Xinhua News Agency Calls the Investigation of Telecom and Unicom on Monopoly ‘Battle of the Deities’,” Phoenix Net (November 11, 2011), at <news.ifeng.com/mainland/detail_2011_11/1110597119_0.shtml> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- “Telecom and Unicom Promise to Lower Broadband Fares,” Xinlang Net (December 3, 2011), at <tech.sina.com.cn/t/2011-12-03/02256417346.shtml> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- “Work Report of the Standing Committee of the NPC,” People's Net (March 18, 2011), at <politics.people.com.cn/GB/1026/14180013.html> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- “Premier Wen Jiabao Answers Reporters' Questions, Japanese version,” Xueyi Net (May 27, 2011), at <http://www.studyez.com/news/201105/27/46362.htm> (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- The reality is that Wen Jiabao's words were not put into practice at all. Some criticized that Wen was merely acting. Yu Jie, a Chinese writer who wrote a book about Wen entitled, China's Best Actor Wen Jiabao, was tortured and moved to the U.S.
- “President Obama and Chairman Hu Jintao's Remarks and Answers to the Reporters at the Joint Press Conference,” USA Embassy Portal (January 19, 2011), at <iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/Chinese/texttrans/2011/01/20110119224507x0.9793294.html#axzz2t29vvnMJ> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/china/visit/0805_ks.html> Accessed on February 11, 2014.
- For example, Yuzhang Feng, “How to Understand the So-called ‘Universal Values’,” Renmin Ribao [People's Daily] (September 10, 2008), Ministry of Education Deng Xiaoping Theory and the Important Thought of the ‘Three Represents’ Research Center, “On Some Questions Regarding ‘Universal Values’,” Qiushi Theory Net (July 1, 2009) at <www.qstheory.cn/zl/ztck/psjz/200907/t20090701_5000.htm> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- Mingfu Liu, Zhongguo Meng: Hou Meiguo Shidai de Daguo Siwei yu Zhanlue Dingwei [The Thinking and Strategic Position of Powers in the Post-American Era] (Beijing: China Friendship Publishing Co., 2010).
- Please refer to pictures taken by a blogger in Xian in June 2011 (June 19, 2011) at <http://www.inxian.com/20110619/27417#more-27417> (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- Jintao Hu, “Speech at the Special Study Group of Provincial and Ministerial Level Top Cadres on Enhancing the Capabilities to Construct a Socialist Harmonious Society,” Xinhua Net (June 26, 2005), at <news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2005-06/26/content_3138887.htm> (searched date: February 11, 2014).
- Benshun Zhou, “Proceed the Innovative Path of Social Management with Chinese Characteristics,” Qiushi Theory Net (May 16, 2011), at <http://www.qstheory.cn/zxdk/2011/2011010/201105/t20110513_80501.htm> (searched date: January 8, 2014). He was eventually dismissed from this post in 2015 on a charge of corruption.
- After the Urumqi riot in July 2009, the author asked a leader of a think-tank of the Chinese government in Beijing what he thought was the root cause of the riot. He answered that that was a U.S. conspiracy.
- In an explanation made in May 2009, it said “China has indisputable sovereignty over the islands and their surrounding waters in the South China Sea, and it holds sovereign rights and jurisdictional authority for the related waters, its ocean bottom, and the underground. Refer to the map.” The map showed the nine-dotted lines.
- “Chugoku Katei no Jini Keisu 0.61 Shotoku Kakusa Shinkoku”. Jinmin Mo Japanese version. December 11, 2012. <http://j.people.com.cn/94475/8053174.html> Accessed on January 8, 2014.
- Renmin Ribao [People's Daily] (January 19, 2013), 4.
- “Supreme Prosecutor's Office: Thirty-six thousand nine hundred officials are charged and searched on corruption in January to November 2013,” Xinhua net (January 5, 2014), at <http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2014-01/05/c_118834521.htm> (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- Ren Shi (Lian Si), Arizoku-Kogakureki Waakiingu Pua tachi no Mure [Ant Tribe: A Crowd of Working Poor with High Academic Careers] (Tokyo: Bensei Shuppan, 2010).
- This may just be the author's impression, but judging from the Chinese students in Japan, children from wealthy families in the large coastal cities are more approving about the status quo, while those who are from rural areas tend to be disapproving.
- “Impact of Christianity on China's Democracy,” a report by Li Fan of the World and China Institute at Keio University (July 18, 2009), at <http://www.gongfa.com/html/gongfazhuanti/xianzhengzhuanxing/20090807/519.html> (searched date: March 2, 2014).
- Chitose Sato, “Henyo suru Chugoku no Shukyo—Nijuisseiki ni okeru Kirisuto kyo no Fukkatsu” [Religions Changing in China: Revival of Christianity in the 21st Century], Zenrin[Good Neighborliness], (October 2013), 2.
- CCP Central Propaganda Department Bureau of Theory, Lilun Redian Mian dui Mian (2006) [Face to Face with Hot Points in Theory 2006] (Beijing: Study Publishers and People's Publishers, 2006), 89–90. The Eight Honors and Disgraces are as follows: 1) Love the country; do it no harm, 2) Serve the people; never betray them, 3) Follow science; discard superstition, 4) Be diligent; not indolent, 5) Be united, help each other; make no gains at other's expense, 6) Be honest and trustworthy; do not sacrifice ethics for profit, 7) Be disciplined and law-abiding; not chaotic and lawless, and 8) Live plainly, work hard; do not wallow in luxuries and pleasures.
- John Garnaut, “Shun US ‘tiger’ and Japanese ‘wolf,’ Chinese colonel warns,” The Sydney Morning Herald (January 22, 2013), at http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/shun-us-tiger-and-japanese-wolf-chinese-colonel-warns-20130122-2d52d.html (searched date: May 31, 2015).
- For the background of the incident and an analysis of it, see Akio Takahara, “The Senkaku Trawler Collision Incident, September 2010”, in Akikazu Hashimoto, Mike Mochizuki and Kurayoshi Takara (eds), The Okinawa Question: Futenma, the US-Japan Alliance, and Regional Security (Naha: Sigur Center for Asian Studies and Nansei Shoto Industrial Advancement Center, 2013), 91–102.
- For example, “Wangyou renwei zhonggong bianyi jingcha zuzhi fanri youxing” [Netizens reckon CCP plainclothes police organized anti-Japanese demonstrations] (September 16, 2012), at (http://www.canyu.org/n59505c6.aspx) (searched date: May 30, 2015).
- Blog of a Xian resident (October, 16, 2010), at http://www.inxian.com/20101016/15287 (searched date: January 8, 2014). The description in this paragraph and next is based on the live coverage of the demonstration.
- “Zhu Chenghu: Perhaps the Japanese Government ‘Nationalized’ Diaoyudao to Calm Down the Situation,” People's Net (September 5, 2012), at <http://military.people.com.cn/n/2012/0905/c1011-18927640.html> (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- Ibid.; “Experts: Nationalization by Japan Does not Mean China Loses Diaoyudao,” People's Net Japanese (September 12, 2012) at <http://j.people.com.cn/94474/7946139.html> (searched date: January 8, 2014).
- Public announcement of the Ministry of Defense (November 23, 2013), at <http://www.mod.gov.cn/affair/2013-11/23/content_4476910.htm> (searched date: May 31, 2015).
- “Hainan Province Methods for Implementing the Fishery Law of the PRC,” Hainan Ribao [Hainan Daily] (December 7, 2013), at <http://www.hinews.cn/news/system/2013/12/07/016278991.shtml> (searched date: May 31, 2015).
- Carl Thayer, “China's Oil Rig Gambit: South China Sea Game-Changer?”, The Diplomat (May 12, 2014), at <http://thediplomat.com/2014/05/chinas-oil-rig-gambit-south-china-sea-game-changer/) (searched date: May 31, 2015). Aaccording to the US Defense Department, China had reclaimed 17 times more land in the 20 months as of June 2015 than all other claimants combined (“China isle work focuses on building,” Reuters, Kyodo, in The Japan Times on Sunday, August 23, 2015).
- See the website of the Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. <http://thediplomat.com/2014/05/chinas-oil-rig-gambit-south-china-sea-game-changer/> (searched date: May 31, 2015).
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan “Regarding Discussions toward Improving Japan-China Relations” (November 7, 2014), at <http://www.mofa.go.jp/a_o/c_m1/cn/page4e_000150.html> (searched date: May 31, 2015).
- Peilin Li et al. (eds), Shehui Lanpishu 2015 nian Zhongguo Shehui Xingshi Fenxi yu Yuce [Blue Book of China's Society: Society of China Analysis and Forecast (2015)] (Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China), 2014), 13.
- The Asahi Shimbun (September 24, 2014).
- Koichiro Genba, “Japan-China Relations at a Crossroads”, The New York Times (November 20, 2012).
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