A review of recent advances in bio-based polymer composite filaments for 3D printing

References

• Karagöz, İ.; Danış Bekdemir, A.; Tuna, Ö. 3B Yazıcı Teknolojilerindeki Kullanılan Yöntemler ve Gelişmeler Üzerine Bir Derleme. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 2021, 9, 1186–1213. DOI: 10.29130/dubited.877423.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, R.; Kleer, R.; Piller, F. T. Predicting the Future of Additive Manufacturing: A Delphi Study on Economic and Societal Implications of 3D Printing for 2030. Technol. Forecasting Social Change. 2017, 117, 84–97. DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.01.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Attaran, M. The Rise of 3-D Printing: The Advantages of Additive Manufacturing Overtraditional Manufacturing. Bus. Horiz. 2017, 60(5), 677–688. DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2017.05.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xhang, K.; Ketterle, L.; Järvinen, T.; Hong, S.; Liimatainen, H. Conductive Hybrid Filaments of Carbon Nanotubes, Chitin Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibers Formed by Interfacial Nanoparticle Complexation. Mater. Des. 2020, 191, 108594. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108594.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cali, M.; Pascoletti, G.; Gaeta, M.; Milazzo, G.; Ambu, R. New Filaments with Natural Fillers for FDM 3D Printing and Their Applications in Biomedical Field. Procedia Manuf. 2020, 51, 698–703. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.10.098.
   Google Scholar
• Gao, W.; Zhang, Y.; Ramanujan, D.; Ramani, K.; Chen, Y.; Williams, C. B.; Wang, C. C. L.; Shin, Y. C.; Zhang, S.; Zavattieri, P. D. The Status, Challenges, and Future of Additive Manufacturing in Engineering. Comput. Aided Des. 2015, 69, 65–89. DOI: 10.1016/j.cad.2015.04.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daver, F.; Lee, K. P. M.; Brandt, M.; Shanks, R. Cork-PLA Composite Filaments for Fused Deposition Modelling. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2018, 168, 230–237. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.10.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karagöz, İ. An Effect of Mold Surface Temperature on Final Product Properties in the Injection Molding of High-Density Polyethylene Materials. Polym. Bull. 2021, 78(5), 2627–2644. DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03231-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karagöz, İ.; Tuna, Ö. Effect of Melt Temperature on Product Properties of Injection-Molded High-Density Polyethylene. Polym. Bull. 2021, 78(10), 6073–6091. DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03695-w.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melnikova, R.; Ehrmann, A.; Finsterbusch, K. 3D Printing of Textile-Based Structures by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) with Different Polymer Materials. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2014, 62, Art 012018. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/62/1/012018.
   Google Scholar
• Goyanes, A.; Chang, H.; Sedough, D.; Hatton, G. B.; Wang, J.; Buanz, A.; Gaisford, S.; Basit, A. W. Fabrication of Controlled-Release Budesonide Tablets via Desktop (FDM) 3D Printing. Int. J. Pharmaceutics. 2015, 496, 414–420. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fico, D.; Rizzo, D.; Casciaro, R.; Corcione, C. E. A Review of Polymer-Based Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): Focus on Sustainability and Recycled Materials. Polymers. 2022, 14(3), 465. DOI: 10.3390/polym14030465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson, I.; Rosen, D.; Stucker, B. Ekstrusion-Based Systems. In Additive Manufacturing Technologies, 3D Printing, Rapid Prototyping, and Direct Digital Manufacturing, 2nd.; Springer: New York, 2015; pp. 147–173.
   Google Scholar
• Weng, Z.; Wang, J.; Senthil, T.; Wu, L. Mechanical and Thermal Properties Pf ABS/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites for Used Deposition Modeling 3D Printing. Mater. Des. 2016, 102, 276–283. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.045.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akhoundi, B.; Behravesh, A. H.; Saed, A. B. Improving Mechanical Properties of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Produced by FDM 3D Printer. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 2019, 38(3), 99–116. DOI: 10.1177/0731684418807300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akhoundi, B.; Behravesh, A. H. Effect of Filling Pattern on the Tensile and Flexural Mechanical Properties of FDM 3D Printed Products. Exp. Mech. 2019, 59(6), 883–897. DOI: 10.1007/s11340-018-00467-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, D.; Malakooti, S.; Kulkarni, V. -N.; Ren, Y.; Lu, H. Nanoindentation Measurement of Core–Skin Interphase Viscoelastic Properties in a Sandwich Glass Composite. Mech. Time-Depend. Mater. 2021, 25(3), 353–361. DOI: 10.1007/s11043-020-09448-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, D.; Malakooti, S.; Kulkarni, V. -N.; Ren, Y.; Liu, Y.; Nie, X.; Qian, D.; Griffith, D. -T.; Lu, H. The Effect of Resin Uptake on the Flexural Properties of Compression Molded Sandwich Composites. Wind Energy. 2022, 25(1), 71–93. DOI: 10.1002/we.2661.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X., Xu T., de Andrade M. J., Rampalli I., Cao D., Haque M., Roy S., Baughman R. H., Lu H. The Interfacial Shear Strength of Carbon Nanotube Sheet Modified Carbon Fiber Composites. In Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials, Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series; Silberstein, M. Amirkhizi, A. Eds.; Springer, Cham: New York, 2021; Vol. 2, pp 25. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59542-5_4
   Google Scholar
• Gregor-Svetec, D.; Leskovšek, M.; Brodnjak, U. V.; Elesini, U. S.; Muck, D.; Urbas, R. Characteristics of HDPE/Cardboard Dust 3D Printable Composite Filaments. J. Mater. Process. Tech. 2020, 276, 116379. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116379.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badouard, C.; Traon, F.; Denoual, C.; Mayer-Laigle, C.; Paës, G.; Bourmaud, A. Exploring Mechanical Properties of Fully Compostable Flax Reinforced Composite Filament for 3D Printing Applications. Ind. Crops Prod. 2019, 135, 246–250. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.04.049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q.; Li, Y.; Cai, H.; Lin, X.; Yi, W.; Zhang, J. Properties Comparison of High Density Polyethylene Composites Filled with Three Kinds of Sheell Fibers. Results Phys. 2019, 12, 1542–1546. DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2018.09.054.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyvärinen, M.; Kärki, T. Tensile Properties of Cellulose-Filled Recycled Thermoplastic Composite Filaments for 3D Printing. Key Eng. Mater. 2020, 841, 87–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.841.87.
   Google Scholar
• Hooshmand, S.; Aitomäki, Y.; Berglund, L.; Mathew, A. P.; Oksman, K. Enhanced Alignment and Mechanical Properties Through the Use of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose in Solvent-Free Native Cellulose Spun Filaments. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2017, 150, 79e86. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.07.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuñez, A. J.; Sturm, P. C.; Kenny, J. M.; Aranguren, M. I.; Marcovich, N. E.; Reboredo, M. M. Mechanical Characterization of Polypropylene–Wood Flour Composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 88(6), 1420–1428. DOI: 10.1002/app.11738.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aranguren, M. I.; Reboredo, M. M.; Demma, G.; Kenny, J. Oak Sawdust and Hazelnut Shells as Fillers for a Polyester Thermoset. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff. 1999, 57(5), 325–330. DOI: 10.1007/s001070050352.
   Google Scholar
• Oladele, I. O.; Ibrahim, I. O.; Akinwekomi, A. D.; Talabi, S. I. Effect of Mercerization on the Mechanical and Thermal Response of Hybrid Bagasse Fiber/CaCo3 Reinforced Polypropylene Composites. Polym. Test. 2019, 76, 192–198. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.03.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basboga, İ. H.; Atar, İ.; Karakus, K.; Mengeloglu, F. Determination of Selected Properties of PP Based Composites Filled Aggplant (Solanum Melongena) Stalks. Pro Ligno. 2017, 13(4), 276–282.
   Google Scholar
• Tufan, M.; Ayrılmış, N. Potential Use of Hazelnut Husk in Recycled High-Density Polyethylene Composites. Bio. Resources. 2016, 11(3), 7476–7489. DOI: 10.15376/biores.11.3.7476-7489.
   Google Scholar
• Demirer, H.; Kartal, İ.; Yıldırım, A.; Büyükkaya, K. The Utilisability of Ground Hazelnut Shell as Filler in Polypropylene Composites. Acta Phys. Polonica A. 2018, 134(1), 254–256. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.134.254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aydinli, B.; Çağlar, A. The Investigation of the Effects of Two Different Polymers and Three Catalysts on Pyrolysis of Hazelnut Shell. Fuel Process. Technol. 2012, 93(1), 1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.07.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balart, J. F.; Fombuena, V.; Fenollar, O.; Boronat, I.; Nacher, L. S. Processing and Characterization of High Environmental Efficiency Composites Based on PLA and Hazelnut Shell Flour (HSF) with Biobased Plasticizers Derived from Epoxidized Linseed Oil (ELO). Compos. Part B. DOI: 10.1016/J.compositesb.2015.09.063.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salasinska, K.; Ryszkowska, J. Natural Fibre Composites from Polyethylene Waste and Hazelnut Shell: Dimensional Stability, Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties. Compos. Interfaces. 2012, 19(5), 321–332. DOI: 10.1080/15685543.2012.726156.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barczewski, M.; Sałasiñska, K.; Szulc, J. Application of Sunflower Husk, Hazelnut Shell and Walnut Shell as Waste Agricultural Fillers for Epoxy-Based Composites: A Study into Mechanical Behavior Related to Structural and Rheological Properties. Polym. Test. 2019, 75, 1–11. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.01.017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Essabir, H.; Nekhlaoui, S.; Malha, M.; Bensalah, M. O.; Arrakhiz, F. Z.; Qaiss, A.; Bouhfid, R. Bio-Composites Based on Polypropylene Reinforced with Almond Shells Particles: Mechanical and Thermal Properties. Mater. Des. 2013, 51, 225–230. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battegazzore, D.; Bocchini, S.; Alongi, J.; Frache, A. Plasticizers, Antioxidants and Reinforcement Fillers from Hazelnut Skin and Cocoa By-Products: Extraction and Use PLA and PP. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2014, 108, 297–306. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catto, A. L.; Stefani, B. V.; Ribeiro, V. F.; Santana, R. M. C. Influence of Coupling Agent in Compatibility of Post-Consumer HDPE in Thermoplastic Composites Reinforced with Eucalyptus Fiber. Mater. Res. 2014, 17(1), 203–209. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-14392014005000036.
   Google Scholar
• Avella, M.; Buzarovska, A.; Errico, M. E.; Gentile, G.; Grozdanov, A. Eco-Challenges of Bio-Based Polymer Composites. Materials. 2009, 2(3), 911–925. DOI: 10.3390/ma2030911.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandala, R.; Bannoth, A. P.; Akella, S.; Rangari, V. K.; Kodali, D. A Short Review on Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing of Bio‐based Polymer Nanocomposites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2022, 139(14), 51904. DOI: 10.1002/app.51904.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayrilmis, N.; Kariž, M.; Kitek Kuzman, M. Effect of Wood Flour Content on Surface Properties of 3D Printed Materials Produced from Wood Flour/PLA Filament. Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 2019, 24(7), 659–666. DOI: 10.1080/1023666X.2019.1651547.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez-Maldonado, D.; Peresin, M.; Verdi, C.; Velarde, G.; Saloni, D. Thermal, Structural, and Mechanical Effects of Nanofibrillated Cellulose in Polylactic Acid Filaments for Additive Manufacturing. BioResources. 2020, 15(4), 7954. DOI: 10.15376/biores.15.4.7954-7964.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pal, A.; Mohanty, A.; Misra, M. Additive Manufacturing Technology of Polymeric Materials for Customized Products: Recent Developments and Future Prospective. Rsc. Adv. 2021, 11(58), 36398–36438. DOI: 10.1039/D1RA04060J.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabbatini, B.; Cambriani, A.; Cespi, M.; Palmieri, G. F.; Perinelli, D. R.; Bonacucina, G. An Overview of Natural Polymers as Reinforcing Agents for 3D Printing. Chem. Eng. 2021, 5(4), 78. DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering5040078.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, W.; Alnajjar, F.; Zaneldin, E.; Al-Marzouqi, A. H.; Gochoo, M.; Khalid, S. Implementing FDM 3D Printing Strategies Using Natural Fibers to Produce Biomass Composite. 2020, 13 18, 4065. DOI: 10.3390/ma13184065.
   Google Scholar
• Fayomi, O.; Babaremu, K.; Akande, I.; Agboola, O.; Anyanwu, B. Potential of Bio-Wastes in the Development of Composites for Manufacturing Application. Mater. Today Proc. 2021, 38, 2353–2357. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.539.
   Google Scholar
• Pakkanen, J.; Manfredi, D.; Minetola, P.; Iuliano, L. About the use of recycled or biodegradable filaments for sustainability of 3D printing: State of the art and research opportunities. Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2017: Selected papers on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 4, 2017; pp. 776–785.
   Google Scholar
• Mikula, K.; Skrzypczak, D.; Izydorczyk, G.; Warchoł, J.; Moustakas, K.; Chojnacka, K.; Witek-Krowiak, A. 3D Printing Filament as a Second Life of Waste Plastics—a Review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2021, 28(10), 12321–12333. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10657-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaes, D.; Van Puyvelde, P. J. P. I. P. S. Semi-Crystalline Feedstock for Filament-Based 3D Printing of Polymers. 2021, 118, 101411. DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101411.
   Google Scholar
• Alagoz, A. S.; Hasirci, V. 3D Printing of Polymeric Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Using Open-Source Fused Deposition Modeling. Emergent Mater. 2020, 3(4), 429–439. DOI: 10.1007/s42247-019-00048-2.
   Google Scholar
• Yusoff, N. H. M.; Chong, C. H.; Wan, Y. K.; Cheah, K. H.; Wong, V. L. Optimization Strategies and Emerging Application of Functionalized 3D-Printed Materials in Water Treatment: A Review. J. Water Process Eng. 2023, 51, 103410. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103410.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, S. -H.; Park, J. H.; Kim, O. Y.; Hwang, S. -H. Preparation of Chemically Modified Lignin-Reinforced PLA Biocomposites and Their 3D Printing Performance. Polymers. 2021, 13(4), 667. DOI: 10.3390/polym13040667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-López, M.; Robledo-Ortíz, J.; Manríquez-González, R.; Silva-Guzmán, J.; Pérez-Fonseca, A. Polylactic Acid Functionalization with Maleic Anhydride and Its Use as Coupling Agent in Natural Fiber Biocomposites: A Review. Compos. Interfaces. 2018, 25(5–7), 515–538. DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2018.1439622.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhagia, S.; Bornani, K.; Agrawal, R.; Satlewal, A.; Ďurkovič, J.; Lagaňa, R.; Bhagia, M.; Yoo, C. G.; Zhao, X.; Kunc, V. Critical Review of FDM 3D Printing of PLA Biocomposites Filled with Biomass Resources, Characterization, Biodegradability, Upcycling and Opportunities for Biorefineries. Appl. Mater. Today. 2021, 24, 101078. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101078.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafiee, M.; Abidnejad, R.; Ranta, A.; Ojha, K.; Karakoc, A.; Paltakari, J. Exploring the Possibilities of Fdm Filaments Comprising Natural Fiber-Reinforced Biocomposites for Additive Manufacturing. AIMS Mater. Sci. 2021, 8(4), 524–537. DOI: 10.3934/matersci.2021032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calì, M.; Pascoletti, G.; Gaeta, M.; Milazzo, G.; Ambu, R. New Filaments with Natural Fillers for FDM 3D Printing and Their Applications in Biomedical Field. Procedia Manuf. 2020, 51, 698–703. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.10.098.
   Google Scholar
• Tokoro, R.; Vu, D. M.; Okubo, K.; Tanaka, T.; Fujii, T.; Fujiura, T. How to Improve Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Bamboo Fibers. J. Mater. Sci. 2008, 43(2), 775–787. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-007-1994-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Travieso-Rodriguez, J. A.; Zandi, M. D.; Jerez-Mesa, R.; Llumà, J. Fatigue Behavior of PLA-Wood Composite Manufactured by Fused Filament Fabrication. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2020, 9(4), 8507–8516. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.06.003.
   Google Scholar
• Aliotta, L.; Vannozzi, A.; Bonacchi, D.; Coltelli, M. -B.; Lazzeri, A. Analysis, Development, and Scaling-Up of Poly (Lactic Acid)(pla) Biocomposites with Hazelnuts Shell Powder (HSP). Polymers. 2021, 13(23), 4080. DOI: 10.3390/polym13234080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamad, W. Y.; Miao, C.; Beck, S. Growing the Bioeconomy: Advances in the Development of Applications for Cellulose Filaments and Nanocrystals. Ind. Biotechnol. 2019, 15(3), 133–137. DOI: 10.1089/ind.2019.29172.qyh.
   Google Scholar
• Isikgor, F. H.; Becer, C. R. Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Sustainable Platform for the Production of Bio-Based Chemicals and Polymers. Polym. Chem. 2015, 6(25), 4497–4559. DOI: 10.1039/C5PY00263J.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H.; Bourell, D. L.; Guo, Y. Analysis and Optimization of Mechanical Properties of Laser-Sintered Cellulose/PLA Mixture. Materials. 2021, 14(4), 750. DOI: 10.3390/ma14040750.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao, H.; Sun, H.; Yang, B.; Zhang, H.; Hu, Y. Facile and Green Preparation of Hemicellulose-Based Film with Elevated Hydrophobicity via Cross-Linking with Citric Acid. Rsc. Adv. 2019, 9(5), 2395–2401. DOI: 10.1039/C8RA09937E.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.; Wang, H.; Liu, C.; Zhang, A.; Ren, J. Synthesis of Thermoplastic Xylan-Lactide Copolymer with Amidine-Mediated Organocatalyst in Ionic Liquid. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7(1). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00464-6.
   Google Scholar
• Xu, W.; Pranovich, A.; Uppstu, P.; Wang, X.; Kronlund, D.; Hemming, J.; Öblom, H.; Moritz, N.; Preis, M.; Sandler, N. Novel Biorenewable Composite of Wood Polysaccharide and Polylactic Acid for Three Dimensional Printing. Carbohydr. Polym. 2018, 187, 51–58. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.069.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mimini, V.; Sykacek, E.; Syed Hashim, S. N. A.; Holzweber, J.; Hettegger, H.; Fackler, K.; Potthast, A.; Mundigler, N.; Rosenau, T. Compatibility of Kraft Lignin, Organosolv Lignin and Lignosulfonate with PLA in 3D Printing. J. Wood Chem. Technol. 2019, 39(1), 14–30. DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2018.1488875.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obielodan, J.; Delwiche, M.; Clark, D.; Downing, C.; Huntoon, D.; Wu, T. Comparing the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid/Organosolv Lignin Biocomposites Made of Different Biomass for 3D Printing Applications. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 2022, 144(2). DOI: 10.1115/1.4052922.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sekar, V.; Zarrouq, M.; Namasivayam, S. N. Development and Characterization of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibre Reinforced Polylactic Acid Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling. J. Mech. Eng. 2021, 18(1), 89–107. DOI: 10.24191/jmeche.v18i1.15167.
   Google Scholar
• Chandra Dubey, S.; Mishra, V.; Sharma, A. A Review on Polymer Composite with Waste Material as Reinforcement. Mater. Today Proc. 2021, 47, 2846–2851. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.611.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, H.; Sun, Z.; Zhang, H. Effects of Walnut Shell Powders on the Morphology and the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly (Lactic Acid. J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 2020, 33(10), 1383–1395. DOI: 10.1177/0892705719828801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, X.; He, W.; Yang, S.; Huang, G.; Yang, T. Fused Deposition Modeling of Poly (Lactic Acid)/Walnut Shell Biocomposite Filaments—surface Treatment and Properties. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(22), 4892. DOI: 10.3390/app9224892.
   Google Scholar
• Song, X.; He, W.; Chen, P.; Wei, Q.; Wen, J.; Xiao, G. Fused Deposition Modeling of Poly (Lactic Acid)/Almond Shell Composite Filaments. Polym. Compos. 2021, 42(2), 899–913. DOI: 10.1002/pc.25874.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fouladi, M. H.; Namasivayam, S. N.; Sekar, V.; Marappan, P.; Choo, H. L.; Ong, T. K.; Walvekar, R.; Baniotopoulos, C. Pretreatment Studies and Characterization of Bio-Degradable and 3d-Printable Filaments from Coconut Waste. Int. J. Nanoelectron. Mater. 2020, 13(Special Issue), 137–148.
   Google Scholar
• Umerah, C. O.; Kodali, D.; Head, S.; Jeelani, S.; Rangari, V. K. Synthesis of Carbon from Waste Coconutshell and Their Application as Filler in Bioplast Polymer Filaments for 3D Printing. Compos. B Eng. 2020, 202, 108428. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108428.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, M. M.; Lopes, P. E.; Li, Y.; Pötschke, P.; Ferreira, F. N.; Paiva, M. C. Polylactic Acid/Carbon Nanoparticle Composite Filaments for Sensing. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(6), 2580. DOI: 10.3390/app11062580.
   Google Scholar
• Farah, S.; Anderson, D. G.; Langer, R. Physical and Mechanical Properties of PLA, and Their Functions in Widespread Applications—a Comprehensive Review. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2016, 107, 367–392. DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasti, S.; Triggs, E.; Farag, R.; Auad, M.; Adhikari, S.; Bajwa, D.; Li, M.; Ragauskas, A. Influence of Plasticizers on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biocomposite Filaments Made from Lignin and Polylactic Acid for 3D Printing. Compos. B Eng. 2021, 205, 108483. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108483.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd Rahman, N. A.; Anuar, H.; Nordin, N. M.; Asri, S. E. A. M.; Ali, F.; Suhr, J. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid Filled Lignin Powder Biocomposite Filaments with Epoxidized Palm Oil for Sustainable 3d Printing Application. Perintis eJournal. 2021, 11(1), 23–39.
   Google Scholar
• Montava-Jordà, S.; Quiles-Carrillo, L.; Richart, N.; Torres-Giner, S.; Montanes, N. Enhanced Interfacial Adhesion of Polylactide/Poly (ε-Caprolactone)/walnut Shell Flour Composites by Reactive Extrusion with Maleinized Linseed Oil. Polymers. 2019, 11(5), 758. DOI: 10.3390/polym11050758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran, T. N.; Bayer, I. S.; Heredia‐guerrero, J. A.; Frugone, M.; Lagomarsino, M.; Maggio, F.; Athanassiou, A. Cocoa Shell Waste Biofilaments for 3D Printing Applications. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2017, 302(11), 1700219. DOI: 10.1002/mame.201700219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kariz, M.; Sernek, M.; Obućina, M.; Kuzman, M. K. Effect of Wood Content in FDM Filament on Properties of 3D Printed Parts. Mater. Today Commun. 2018, 14, 135–140. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2017.12.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gkartzou, E.; Koumoulos, E. P.; Charitidis, C. A. Production and 3D Printing Processing of Bio-Based Thermoplastic Filament. Manuf. Rev. 2017, 4, 2016020. DOI: 10.1051/mfreview/2016020.
   Google Scholar
• Milosevic, M.; Stoof, D.; Pickering, K. L. Characterizing the Mechanical Properties of Fused Deposition Modelling Natural Fiber Recycled Polypropylene Composites. J. Compos. Sci. 2017, 1(1), 7. DOI: 10.3390/jcs1010007.
   Google Scholar
• Bi, H.; Ren, Z.; Guo, R.; Xu, M.; Song, Y. Fabrication of Flexible Wood Flour/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Composites Using Fused Deposition Molding. Ind. Crops Prod. 2018, 122, 76–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.05.059.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarrés, Q.; Melbø, J. K.; Delgado-Aguilar, M.; Espinach, F. X.; Mutjé, P.; Chinga-Carrasco, G. Bio-Polyethylene Reinforced with Thermomechanical Pulp Fibers: Mechanical and Micromechanical Characterization and Its Application in 3D-Printing by Fused Deposition Modelling. Compos.: Part B. 2018, 153, 70–77. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.07.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdullah, A. M.; Rahim, T. N. A. T.; Mohamad, D.; Akil, H.; Rajion, Z. A. Mechanical and Physical Properties of Highly ZrO2 /β-TCP Filled Polyamide 12 Prepared via Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D Printer for Potential Craniofacial Reconstruction Application. Mater. Lett. 2017, 189, 307–309. DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.11.052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, U. C.; Fragouli, D.; Bayer, I. S.; Zych, A.; Athanassiou, A. Effect of Green Plasticizer on the Performance of Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polylactic Acid Biocomposites. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2021, 3(6), 3071–3081. DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J.; Li, H.; Liu, R.; Li, L.; Lin, Y. -H.; Nan, C. -W. Thermoelectric and Mechanical Properties of PLA/Bi0· 5Sb1· 5te3 Composite Wires Used for 3D Printing. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2018, 157, 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.01.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmad, A. F.; Aziz, S. A.; Abbas, Z.; Obaiys, S. J.; Matori, K. A.; Zaid, M. H. M.; Raad, H. K.; Aliyu, U. S. A. Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Poly (Lactic Acid)/Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Nanocomposites: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications in Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. Polymers. 2019, 11(4), 661. DOI: 10.3390/polym11040661.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y. C.; Chu, M.; Huang, M.; Hegazi, O.; Naguib, H. E. Hybrid Electroactive Shape Memory Polymer Composites with Room Temperature Deformability. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2019, 304(10), 1900196. DOI: 10.1002/mame.201900196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risyon, N. P.; Othman, S. H.; Basha, R. K.; Talib, R. A. Effect of Halloysite Nanoclay Concentration and Addition of Glycerol on Mechanical Properties of Bionanocomposite Films. Polym. Polym. Composites. 2016, 24(9), 795–802. DOI: 10.1177/096739111602400917.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohapatra, A. K.; Mohanty, S.; Nayak, S. K. Properties and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA)/Poly (Ethylene Glycol)(peg) and PLA/PEG/Organoclay: A Study of Crystallization Kinetics, Rheology, and Compostability. J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 2016, 29(4), 443–463. DOI: 10.1177/0892705713518812.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brounstein, Z.; Yeager, C. M.; Labouriau, A. Development of Antimicrobial PLA Composites for Fused Filament Fabrication. Polymers. 2021, 13(4), 580. DOI: 10.3390/polym13040580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurel, A.; Courty, M.; Fleutot, B.; Tortajada, H.; Prashantha, K.; Armand, M.; Grugeon, S.; Panier, S.; Dupont, L. Highly Loaded Graphite–Polylactic Acid Composite-Based Filaments for Lithium-Ion Battery Three-Dimensional Printing. Chem. Mater. 2018, 30(21), 7484–7493. DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02062.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, G.; Zhang, Y.; Lin, W. Plasticizer Combinations and Performance of Wood Flour–Poly(lactic Acid) 3D Printing Filaments. J. BioResour. 2017, 12(3), 13. DOI: 10.15376/biores.12.3.6736-6748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bajwa, D.; Eichers, M.; Shojaeiarani, J.; Kallmeyer, A. Influence of Biobased Plasticizers on 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Composites Filled with Sustainable Biofiller. Ind. Crops Prod. 2021, 173, 114132. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oz, O.; Ozturk, F. H.; Gulec, C. Effect of Fiber Content and Plasticizer on Mechanical and Joint Properties of Carbon Fiber Powder Reinforced PLA Manufactured by 3D Printing Process. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 2022, 1–24. DOI: 10.1080/01694243.2022.2121195.
   Google Scholar
• Ghasemi, S.; Behrooz, R.; Ghasemi, I.; Yassar, R. S.; Long, F. Development of Nanocellulose-Reinforced PLA Nanocomposite by Using Maleated PLA (PLA-G-MA. J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 2018, 31(8), 1090–1101. DOI: 10.1177/0892705717734600.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, A.; Tumu, V. R.; Chowdhury, S. R.; Svs, R. R. A Green Physical Approach to Compatibilize a Bio-Based Poly (Lactic Acid)/Lignin Blend for Better Mechanical, Thermal and Degradation Properties. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2019, 121, 588–600. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peltola, H.; Immonen, K.; Johansson, L. S.; Virkajärvi, J.; Sandquist, D. Influence of Pulp Bleaching and Compatibilizer Selection on Performance of Pulp Fiber Reinforced PLA Biocomposites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136(37), 47955. DOI: 10.1002/app.47955.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. -N.; Weng, Y. -X.; Wang, L. Characterization of Interfacial Compatibility of Polylactic Acid and Bamboo Flour (PLA/BF) in Biocomposites. Polym. Test. 2014, 36, 119–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2014.04.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L.; Lv, S.; Sun, C.; Wan, L.; Tan, H.; Zhang, Y. Effect of MAH-G-PLA on the Properties of Wood Fiber/Polylactic Acid Composites. Polymers. 2017, 9(11), 591. DOI: 10.3390/polym9110591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• da Silva, S. M.; Antunes, T.; Costa, M.; Oliveira, J. Cork-Like Filaments for Additive Manufacturing. Additive Manuf. 2020, 34, 101229. DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y.; Yang, L.; Lu, X.; He, C. Biodegradable and Renewable Poly (Lactide)–Lignin Composites: Synthesis, Interface and Toughening Mechanism. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2015, 3(7), 3699–3709. DOI: 10.1039/C4TA05991C.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, Y.; Ma, Z.; Xu, X.; Liu, X.; Liu, L.; Huang, G.; Liu, L.; Wang, H.; Song, P. Grafting Lignin with Bioderived Polyacrylates for Low-Cost, Ductile, and Fully Biobased Poly (Lactic Acid) Composites. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2020, 8(5), 2267–2276. DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06593.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mora, A.; Verma, P.; Kumar, S. Electrical Conductivity of CNT/Polymer Composites: 3D Printing, Measurements and Modeling. Compos. B Eng. 2020, 183, 107600. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107600.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seng, C.; Eh Noum, S. Y.; Sivanesan, S.; Yu, L. J. Reduction of Hygroscopicity of PLA Filament for 3D Printing by Introducing Nano Silica as Filler. In AIP Conference Proceedings. AIP Publishing LLC, 2020; Vol. 2233, p 020024.
   Google Scholar
• Lendvai, L.; Fekete, I. Preparation and Characterization of Poly (Lactic Acid)/Boehmite Alumina Composites for Additive Manufacturing. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Balatonkenese, Hungary: IOP Publishing, 2020; Vol. 903, p 012057.
   Google Scholar
• Valvez, S.; Santos, P.; Parente, J. M.; Silva, M. P.; Reis, P. N. B. 3D Printed Continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced PLA Composites: A Short Review. Procedia Struct. Integr. 2020, 25, 394–399. DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2020.04.056.
   Google Scholar
• Arockiam, A. J.; Subramanian, K.; Padmanabhan, R. G.; Selvaraj, R.; Bagal, D. K.; Rajesh, S. A Review on PLA with Different Fillers Used as a Filament in 3D Printing. Mater. Today Proc. 2022, 50, 2057–2064. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.09.413.
   Google Scholar
• Ferreira, R. T. L.; Amatte, I. C.; Dutra, T. A.; Bürger, D. Experimental Characterization and Micrography of 3D Printed PLA and PLA Reinforced with Short Carbon Fibers. Compos. B Eng. 2017, 124, 88–100. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dou, H.; Cheng, Y.; Ye, W.; Zhang, D.; Li, J.; Miao, Z.; Rudykh, S. Effect of Process Parameters on Tensile Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced PLA Composites. Materials. 2020, 13(17), 3850. DOI: 10.3390/ma13173850.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamaal, M.; Anas, M.; Rastogi, H.; Bhardwaj, N.; Rahaman, A. Effect of FDM Process Parameters on Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Carbon Fibre–PLA Composite. Prog. Addit. Manuf. 2021, 6(1), 63–69. DOI: 10.1007/s40964-020-00145-3.
   Google Scholar
• Heidari-Rarani, M.; Rafiee-Afarani, M.; Zahedi, A. M. Mechanical Characterization of FDM 3D Printing of Continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced PLA Composites. Compos. B Eng. 2019, 175, 107147. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107147.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camargo, J. C.; Machado, Á. R.; Almeida, E. C.; Silva, E. F. M. S. Mechanical Properties of PLA-Graphene Filament for FDM 3D Printing. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2019, 103(5), 2423–2443. DOI: 10.1007/s00170-019-03532-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batakliev, T.; Georgiev, V.; Kalupgian, C.; Muñoz, P. A.; Ribeiro, H.; Fechine, G. J.; Andrade, R. J.; Ivanov, E.; Kotsilkova, R. Physico-Chemical Characterization of PLA-Based Composites Holding Carbon Nanofillers. Appl. Compos. Mater. 2021, 28(4), 1175–1192. DOI: 10.1007/s10443-021-09911-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, W. W.; Zhang, J.; Wu, J. R.; Wang, X. Z.; Deng, Y. H. Incorporation of Graphitic Nano-Filler and Poly(lactic Acid) in Fused Deposition Modeling. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134(15). DOI: 10.1002/app.44703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotsilkova, R.; Petrova-Doycheva, I.; Menseidov, D.; Ivanov, E.; Paddubskaya, A.; Kuzhir, P. Exploring Thermal Annealing and Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Additives to Enhance Crystallinity, Thermal, Electrical and Tensile Properties of Aged Poly(lactic) Acid-Based Filament for 3D Printing. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2019, 181, 107712. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.107712.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adami, R.; Lamberti, P.; Bychanok, D.; Kuzhir, P.; Tucci, V. Electromagentic Properties of Filaments Containing Nanofillers for 3D Printing. Chem. Eng. Trans. 2021, 84, 109–114.
   Google Scholar
• Cardoso, P. H. M.; de Oliveira, M. F. L.; de Oliveira, M. G.; da Silva Moreira Thiré, R. M. 3D Printed Parts of Polylactic Acid Reinforced with Carbon Black and Alumina Nanofillers for Tribological Applications. Macromol. Symp. 2020, 394(1), 2000155. DOI: 10.1002/masy.202000155.
   Google Scholar
• Vidakis, N.; Petousis, M.; Kourinou, M.; Velidakis, E.; Mountakis, N.; Fischer-Griffiths, P. E.; Grammatikos, S.; Tzounis, L. Additive Manufacturing of Multifunctional Polylactic Acid (Pla)—multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) Nanocomposites. Nanocomposites. 2021, 7(1), 184–199. DOI: 10.1080/20550324.2021.2000231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podstawczyk, D.; Skrzypczak, D.; Połomska, X.; Stargała, A.; Witek-Krowiak, A.; Guiseppi-Elie, A.; Galewski, Z. Preparation of Antimicrobial 3D Printing Filament. Situ Therm. Formation Silver Nanopart. During Materi. Extrusion. 2020, 41(11), 4692–4705. DOI: 10.1002/pc.25743.
   Google Scholar
• Abeykoon, C.; Sri-Amphorn, P.; Fernando, A. Optimization of Fused Deposition Modeling Parameters for Improved PLA and ABS 3D Printed Structures. Int. J. Lightweight Mater. Manuf. 2020, 3(3), 284–297. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlmm.2020.03.003.
   Google Scholar
• Mazzanti, V.; Malagutti, L.; Mollica, F. FDM 3D Printing of Polymers Containing Natural Fillers: A Review of Their Mechanical Properties. Polymers. 2019, 11(7), 1094. DOI: 10.3390/polym11071094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coughlin, N.; Drake, B.; Fjerstad, M.; Schuster, E.; Waege, T.; Weerakkody, A.; Letcher, T. Development and Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene for In-Space Manufacturing Applications. J. Compos. Sci. 2019, 3(3), 89. DOI: 10.3390/jcs3030089.
   Google Scholar
• Selvamani, S.; Samykano, M.; Subramaniam, S.; Ngui, W.; Kadirgama, K.; Kanagaraj, G.; Idris, M. 3D printing: Overview of ABS evolvement. AIP Conference Proceedings. Kuantan, Malaysia: AIP Publishing LLC, 2019; Vol. 2059, p 020041.
   Google Scholar
• Osman, M. A.; Atia, M. R. Investigation of ABS-Rice Straw Composite Feedstock Filament for FDM. Rapid Prototyp. J. 2018, 24(6), 1067–1075. DOI: 10.1108/RPJ-11-2017-0242.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, N. A.; Bowland, C. C.; Naskar, A. K. A General Method to Improve 3D-Printability and Inter-Layer Adhesion in Lignin-Based Composites. Appl. Mater. Today. 2018, 12, 138–152. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2018.03.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aumnate, C.; Pongwisuthiruchte, A.; Pattananuwat, P.; Potiyaraj, P. Fabrication of ABS/Graphene Oxide Composite Filament for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D Printing. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018, 2018, 1–9. DOI: 10.1155/2018/2830437.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickson, A. N.; Abourayana, H. M.; Dowling, D. P. 3D Printing of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using Fused Filament Fabrication—a Review. Polymers. 2020, 12(10), 2188. DOI: 10.3390/polym12102188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Y.; Wu, H.; Fu, Q.; Xie, X.; Song, Y.; Xu, M.; Li, J. 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone-Chitosan Based Drug Delivery Implants for Personalized Administration. Mater. Des. 2022, 214, 110394. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110394.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sezer, H. K.; Eren, O. FDM 3D Printing of MWCNT Re-Inforced ABS Nano-Composite Parts with Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Properties. J. Manuf. Processes. 2019, 37, 339–347. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.12.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ning, F.; Cong, W.; Hu, Z.; Huang, K. Additive Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Matrix Composites Using Fused Deposition Modeling: A Comparison of Two Reinforcements. J. Compos. Mater. 2017, 51(27), 3733–3742. DOI: 10.1177/0021998317692659.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberts, E.; Ballentine, M.; Barnes, E.; Kennedy, A. Impact of Metal Additives on Particle Emission Profiles from a Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printer. Atmos. Environ. 2021, 244, 117956. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117956.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stefaniak, A.; Johnson, A.; Du Preez, S.; Hammond, D.; Wells, J.; Ham, J.; LeBouf, R.; Menchaca, K.; Martin, S., Jr; Duling, M. Evaluation of Emissions and Exposures at Workplaces Using Desktop 3-Dimensional Printers. J. Chem. Health Saf. 2019, 26(2), 19–30. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchas.2018.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrley, P.; Wallace, M. A. G.; Boyes, W. K.; Rogers, K. Particle and Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from a 3D Printer Filament Extruder. Sci. Total Environ. 2020, 736, 139604. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter, P. M.; Al-Abed, S. R.; Hasan, F.; Lomnicki, S. M. Influence of Polymer Additives on Gas-Phase Emissions from 3D Printer Filaments. Chemosphere. 2021, 279, 130543. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojtyła, S.; Klama, P.; Śpiewak, K.; Baran, T. 3D Printer as a Potential Source of Indoor Air Pollution. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 17(1), 207–218. DOI: 10.1007/s13762-019-02444-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deopura, B. Polyamide Fibers. In Polyesters and Polyamides; Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles, 2008; pp. 41–61.
   Google Scholar
• Farina, I.; Singh, N.; Colangelo, F.; Luciano, R.; Bonazzi, G.; Fraternali, F. High-Performance Nylon-6 Sustainable Filaments for Additive Manufacturing. Materials. 2019, 12(23), 3955. DOI: 10.3390/ma12233955.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.; Fan, W.; Liu, T. Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing of Polyamide-Based Composites and Its Applications. Compos. Commun. 2020, 21, 100413. DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2020.100413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao, X.; Luan, C.; Zhang, D.; Lan, L.; Fu, J. J. M. Evaluation of Carbon Fiber-Embedded 3D Printed Structures for Strengthening and Structural-Health Monitoring. Mater. Des. 2017, 114, 424–432. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.10.078.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickson, A. N.; Barry, J. N.; McDonnell, K. A.; Dowling, D. P. Fabrication of Continuous Carbon, Glass and Kevlar Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites Using Additive Manufacturing. Additive Manuf. 2017, 16, 146–152. DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2017.06.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mei, H.; Ali, Z.; Ali, I.; Cheng, L. Tailoring Strength and Modulus by 3D Printing Different Continuous Fibers and Filled Structures into Composites. Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 2019, 2(2), 312–319. DOI: 10.1007/s42114-019-00087-7.
   Google Scholar
• Han, J. Y.; Chen, T.; Baird, D. G. Generation of Nylon Copolymer Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes and Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers for Use in Fused Filament Fabrication. Polym. Compos. 2021, 42(9), 4328–4341. DOI: 10.1002/pc.26151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeed, K.; McIlhagger, A.; Harkin-Jones, E.; Kelly, J.; Archer, E. Predication of the In-Plane Mechanical Properties of Continuous Carbon Fibre Reinforced 3D Printed Polymer Composites Using Classical Laminated-Plate Theory. Compos. Struct. 2021, 259, 113226. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yasa, E. Anisotropic Impact Toughnness of Chopped Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nylon Fabricated by Material-Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing. Anadolu Univ. Sci. Technol.-A: Appl. Sci. Eng. 2019, 20(2). DOI: 10.18038/aubtda.498606.
   Google Scholar
• Chevali, V. S.; Dean, D. R.; Janowski, G. M. Effect of Environmental Weathering on Flexural Creep Behavior of Long Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2010, 95(12), 2628–2640. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.07.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arhant, M.; Le Gac, P. -Y.; Le Gall, M.; Burtin, C.; Briançon, C.; Davies, P. Effect of Sea Water and Humidity on the Tensile and Compressive Properties of Carbon-Polyamide 6 Laminates. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2016, 91, 250–261. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.10.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chabaud, G.; Castro, M.; Denoual, C.; Le Duigou, A. Hygromechanical Properties of 3D Printed Continuous Carbon and Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyamide Composite for Outdoor Structural Applications. Additive Manuf. 2019, 26, 94–105. DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2019.01.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kikuchi, B. C.; Bussamra, F. L. D. S.; Donadon, M. V.; Ferreira, R. T. L.; Sales, R. D. C. M. Moisture Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Continuous Carbon Fiber‐reinforced Nylon‐based Thermoplastic. Polym. Compos. 2020, 41(12), 5227–5245. DOI: 10.1002/pc.25789.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eftekhari, M.; Fatemi, A. Tensile Behavior of Thermoplastic Composites Including Temperature, Moisture, and Hygrothermal Effects. Polym. Test. 2016, 51, 151–164. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.03.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papon, E. A.; Haque, A.; Spear, S. K. Effects of Functionalization and Annealing in Enhancing the Interfacial Bonding and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Mater. Today Commun. 2020, 25, 101365. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101365.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhandari, S.; Lopez-Anido, R. A.; Gardner, D. J. Enhancing the Interlayer Tensile Strength of 3D Printed Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced PETG and PLA Composites via Annealing. Additive Manuf. 2019, 30, 100922. DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2019.100922.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain, P. A. K.; Sattar, S.; Mulqueen, D.; Pedrazzoli, D.; Kravchenko, S.; Kravchenko, O. Role of Annealing and Isostatic Compaction on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Short Glass Fiber Nylon Composites. Additive Manuf. 2022, 51, 102599. DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2022.102599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasti, S.; Adhikari, S. Use of Biomaterials for 3D Printing by Fused Deposition Modeling Technique: A Review. Front Chem. 2020, 8, 315. DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, N. A.; Barnes, S. H.; Bowland, C. C.; Meek, K. M.; Littrell, K. C.; Keum, J. K.; Naskar, A. K. A Path for Lignin Valorization via Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Sustainable Composites with Enhanced 3D Printability. Science Advances. 2018, 4(12), eaat4967. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat4967.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthuraj, R.; Horrocks, A.; Kandola, B. K. Hydroxypropyl-Modified and Organosolv Lignin/bio-Based Polyamide Blend Filaments as Carbon Fibre Precursors. J. Mater. Sci. 2020, 55(16), 7066–7083. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-020-04486-w.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKeen, L. 12 - Renewable Resource and Biodegradable Polymers. In The Effect of Sterilization on Plastics and Elastomers, Third ed.; McKeen, L., Ed.; William Andrew Publishing: Boston, 2012; pp. 305–317.
   Google Scholar
• Amni, C.; Aprilia, S.; Indarti, E. Current Research in Development of Polycaprolactone Filament for 3D Bioprinting: A Review. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Bangka Belitung, Indonesia: IOP Publishing, 2021; Vol. 926, p 012080.
   Google Scholar
• Viidik, L.; Vesala, J.; Laitinen, R.; Korhonen, O.; Ketolainen, J.; Aruväli, J.; Kirsimäe, K.; Kogermann, K.; Heinämäki, J.; Laidmäe, I. Preparation and Characterization of Hot-Melt Extruded Polycaprolactone-Based Filaments Intended for 3D-Printing of Tablets. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 2021, 158, 105619. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavon, C.; Aldas, M.; López-Martínez, J.; Ferrándiz, S. New Materials for 3D-Printing Based on Polycaprolactone with Gum Rosin and Beeswax as Additives. Polymers. 2020, 12(2), 334. DOI: 10.3390/polym12020334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liakos, I. L.; Mondini, A.; Del Dottore, E.; Filippeschi, C.; Pignatelli, F.; Mazzolai, B. 3D Printed Composites from Heat Extruded Polycaprolactone/Sodium Alginate Filaments and Their Heavy Metal Adsorption Properties. Mater. Chem. Front. 2020, 4(8), 2472–2483. DOI: 10.1039/D0QM00159G.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, Y. -Q.; Yang, J. -H.; Ding, X.; Ding, X.; Duan, S.; Xu, F. -J. Polycaprolactone/Polysaccharide Functional Composites for Low-Temperature Fused Deposition Modelling. Bioactive Mater. 2020, 5(2), 185–191. DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.02.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph, B.; James, J.; Grohens, Y.; Kalarikkal, N.; Thomas, S. Additive Manufacturing of Poly (ε-Caprolactone) for Tissue Engineering. JOM. 2020, 72(11), 4127–4138. DOI: 10.1007/s11837-020-04382-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soufivand, A. A.; Abolfathi, N.; Hashemi, A.; Lee, S. J. The Effect of 3D Printing on the Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Polycaprolactone Filament and Scaffold. Polym. Adv. Technol. 2020, 31(5), 1038–1046. DOI: 10.1002/pat.4838.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, W.; Ullah, I.; Shi, L.; Zhang, Y.; Ou, H.; Zhou, J.; Ullah, M. W.; Zhang, X.; Li, W. Fabrication and Characterization of Porous Polycaprolactone Scaffold via Extrusion-Based Cryogenic 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering. Materials. 2019, 180, Design 107946. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107946.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiao, Z.; Luo, B.; Xiang, S.; Ma, H.; Yu, Y.; Yang, W. 3D Printing of HA/PCL Composite Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Adv. Ind. Eng. Polym. Res. 2019, 2(4), 196–202. DOI: 10.1016/j.aiepr.2019.09.003.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, C. G.; Han, K. S.; Lee, S.; Kim, M. C.; Kim, S. Y.; Nah, J. Fabrication of Biocompatible Polycaprolactone–Hydroxyapatite Composite Filaments for the FDM 3D Printing of Bone Scaffolds. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(14), 6351. DOI: 10.3390/app11146351.
   Google Scholar
• Radhakrishnan, S.; Nagarajan, S.; Belaid, H.; Farha, C.; Iatsunskyi, I.; Coy, E.; Soussan, L.; Huon, V.; Bares, J.; Belkacemi, K. Fabrication of 3D Printed Antimicrobial Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Mater. Sci. Eng.: C. 2021, 118, 111525. DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar