Porous chitosan membranes by solvent evaporation technique: evaluation of the biopolymer/acetone ratio and potentiality for the membrane distillation process

References

• Silva, A. O.; Cunha, R. S.; Hotza, D.; Machado, R. A. F. Chitosan as a Matrix of Nanocomposites: A Review on Nanostructures, Processes, Properties, and Applications, Carbohydr. Polym. 2021, 272, 118472. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakshi, P. S.; Selvakumar, D.; Kadirvelu, K.; Kumar, N. S. Chitosan as an Environment Friendly Biomaterial – a Review on Recent Modifications and Applications. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2020, 150, 1072–1083. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goosen, M. E. A. Applications of Chitin and Chitosan; Technomic Publishing Company: Lancaster, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Chanachai, A.; Meksup, K.; Jiraratananon, R. Coating of Hydrophobic Hollow Fiber PVDF Membrane with Chitosan for Protection Against Wetting and Flavor Loss in Osmotic Distillation Process, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2010, 72, 217–224. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.02.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampath, U. G. T. M.; Ching, Y. C.; Chuah, C. H.; Sabariah, J. J.; Lin, P. C. Fabrication of Porous Materials from Natural/Synthetic Biopolymers and Their Composites. Mater. (Basel). 2016, 9(12), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9120991.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatanpour, V.; Yavuzturk Gul, B.; Zeytuncu, B.; Korkut, S.; İ̇̇lyasoğlu, G.; Turken, T.; Badawi, M.; Koyuncu, I.; Saeb, M. R. Polysaccharides in Fabrication of Membranes: A Review, Carbohydr. Polym. 2022, 281, 119041–119066. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tasselli, F.; Mirmohseni, A.; Seyed Dorraji, M. S.; Figoli, A. Mechanical, Swelling and Adsorptive Properties of Dry–Wet Spun Chitosan Hollow Fibers Crosslinked with Glutaraldehyde, React. Funct. Polym. 2013, 73(1), 218–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2012.08.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gümüşderelioğlu, M.; Agi, P. Adsorption of Concanavalin a on the Well-Characterized Macroporous Chitosan and Chitin Membranes. React. Funct. Polym. 2004, 61, 211–220. DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2004.06.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eykens, L.; De Sitter, K.; Dotremont, C.; Pinoy, L.; Van der Bruggen, B. Membrane Synthesis for Membrane Distillation: A Review, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2017, 182, 36–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madalosso, H.; de Sousa Silva, R.; Merlini, A.; Battisti, R.; Machado, R. A. F.; Marangoni, C. Modeling and Experimental Validation of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Applied to Synthetic Dye Solutions. J. Chem. Tech & Biotech. 2020, 96(4), 909–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camacho, L. M.; Dumée, L.; Zhang, J.; de Li, J.; Duke, M.; Gomez, J.; Gray, S. Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications. Water (Switzerland). 2013, 5(1), 94–196. https://doi.org/10.3390/w5010094.
   Google Scholar
• de Sousa Silva, R.; Ramlow, H.; de Castro Santos, B.; Madalosso, H. B.; Machado, R. A. F.; Marangoni, C. Membrane Distillation: Experimental Evaluation of Liquid Entry Pressure in Commercial Membranes with Textile Dye Solutions. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2021, 44, 102339. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González, D.; Amigo, J.; Suárez, F. Membrane Distillation: Perspectives for Sustainable and Improved Desalination, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 80, 238–259. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.078.
   Google Scholar
• Duong, H. C.; Phan, N. D.; Van Nguyen, T.; Pham, T. M.; Nguyen, N. C. Membrane Distillation for Seawater Desalination Applications in Vietnam: Potential and Challenges. Vietnam J. Sci. Technol. 2017, 55(6), 659. https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/6/10715.
   Google Scholar
• Eykens, L.; Hitsov, I.; De Sitter, K.; Dotremont, C.; Pinoy, L.; Nopens, I.; Van der Bruggen, B. Influence of Membrane Thickness and Process Conditions on Direct Contact Membrane Distillation at Different Salinities. J. Memb. Sci. 2016, 498, 353–364. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, R. S.; Ramlow, H.; Cavalcanti, C. D. Á. K.; Valle, R. C. S. C.; Machado, R. A. F.; Marangoni, C. Steady State Evaluation with Different Operating Times in the Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Process Applied to Water Recovery from Dyeing Wastewater, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2020, 230, 115892. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115892.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Sousa Silva, R.; Cavalcanti, C. D. Á. K.; Valle, R. D. C. S. C.; Machado, R. A. F.; Marangoni, C. Understanding the Effects of Operational Conditions on the Membrane Distillation Process Applied to the Recovery of Water from Textile Effluents, Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 2021, 145, 285–292. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.08.022.
   Google Scholar
• Madalosso, H. B.; Machado, R.; Hotza, D.; Marangoni, C. Membrane Surface Modification by Electrospinning, Coating, and Plasma for Membrane Distillation Applications: A State-Of-The-Art Review. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2021, 23(6), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202001456.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji, J.; Liu, F.; Hashim, N. A.; Abed, M. R. M.; Li, K. Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) Membranes for Fluid Separation, React. Funct. Polym. 2015, 86, 134–153. DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.09.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro-Muñoz, R.; González-Valdez, J.; Ahmad, M. Z. High-Performance Pervaporation Chitosan-Based Membranes: New Insights and Perspectives. Rev. Chem. Eng. 2021, 37(8), 959–974. DOI: 10.1515/revce-2019-0051.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro-Muñoz, R.; Msahel, A.; Galiano, F.; Serocki, M.; Ryl, J.; Ben Hamouda, S.; Hafiane, A.; Boczkaj, G.; Figoli, A. Towards Azeotropic MeOH-MTBE Separation Using Pervaporation Chitosan-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Membranes, Sep. Purif. Technol. 2022, 281, 119979. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119979.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silvestre, W. P.; Baldasso, C.; Tessaro, I. C. Potential of Chitosan-Based Membranes for the Separation of Essential Oil Components by Target-Organophilic Pervaporation, Carbohydr. Polym. 2020, 247, 116676–116687. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116676.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Gharabli, S.; Al-Omari, B.; Kujawski, W.; Kujawa, J. Biomimetic Hybrid Membranes with Covalently Anchored Chitosan – Material Design, Transport and Separation. Desalination. 2020, 491, 114550–114567. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114550.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardeshiri, F.; Akbari, A.; Peyravi, M.; Jahanshahi, M. A Hydrophilic-Oleophobic Chitosan/SiO2 Composite Membrane to Enhance Oil Fouling Resistance in Membrane Distillation. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 2019, 36(2), 255–264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-018-0188-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez-Camacho, A. P.; Cortez-Rocha, M. O.; Ezquerra-Brauer, J. M.; Graciano-Verdugo, A. Z.; Rodriguez-Félix, F.; Castillo-Ortega, M. M.; Yépiz-Gómez, M. S.; Plascencia-Jatomea, M. Chitosan Composite Films: Thermal, Structural, Mechanical and Antifungal Properties, Carbohydr. Polym. 2010, 82(2), 305–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esmaeili, M.; Rajabi, L.; Bakhtiari, O. Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Boehmite Nanocomposite Membranes for Pervaporative Ethanol Dehydration. J. Macromol. Sci. Part A Pure Appl. Chem. 2019, 56, 1022–1034. DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1646611.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupiasih, N. N.; Sumadiyasa, M.; Putra, I. K. The Effect of Variations in the Ratio of Matrix/Solvent on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Chitosan Biopolymer Membranes, IOP Conf. IOP Conf. Ser Mater. Sci. Eng. 2017, 196, 012039. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/196/1/012039.
   Google Scholar
• Rupiasih, N. N.; Sumadiyasa, M.; Suyanto, H.; Windari, P. Utilization of Shrimp Skin Waste (Sea Lobster) as Raw Material for the Membrane Filtration. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2017, 846, 012003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/846/1/012003.
   Google Scholar
• Sahebjamee, N.; Soltanieh, M.; Mousavi, S. M.; Heydarinasab, A. Preparation and Characterization of Porous Chitosan–Based Membrane with Enhanced Copper Ion Adsorption Performance, React. Funct. Polym. 2020, 154, 104681. DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104681.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, G. A. F. Chitin Chemistry; London: Red Globe Press, 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Picker-Freyer, K. M.; Brink, D. Evaluation of Powder and Tableting Properties of Chitosan. Am. Assoc. Pharm. Sci. Technol. J. 2006, 7(3), E152–E161. https://doi.org/10.1208/pt070375.
   Google Scholar
• Domszy, J.; Roberts, G. Evaluation of Infrared Spectroscopic Techniques for Analysing Chitosan, Die Makromol. Makromol. Chem. 1985, 186(8), 1671–1677. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021860815.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baskar, D.; Sampath Kumar, T. S. Effect of Deacetylation Time on the Preparation, Properties and Swelling Behavior of Chitosan Films, Carbohydr. Polym. 2009, 78(4), 767–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.06.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osório, L. R.; Lima, I. S.; Barreto, H. M.; Osajima, J. A.; Filho, E. C. S. Antibacterial Activity of a Chitosan Derivative Obtained in the Absence of a Solvent, Mater. Sci. Forum. 2016, 869, 869–873. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.869.869.
   Google Scholar
• Arantes, M. K.; Kugelmeierm, C. L.; Cardozo-Filho, L.; Monteiro, M. R.; Oliveira, C. R.; Alves, H. J. Influence of the Drying Route on the Depolymerization and Properties of Chitosan. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2014, 1–08. DOI: 10.1002/pen.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dotto, G. L.; de Souza, V. C.; de Mourade Moura, J. M.; de Moura, C. M.; de Almeida Pinto, L. A. Influence of Drying Techniques on the Characteristics of Chitosan and the Quality of Biopolymer Films, Dry. Technol. 2011, 29(15), 1784–1791. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2011.602812.
   Google Scholar
• Cui, Z.; Beach, E. S.; Anastas, P. T. Modification of Chitosan Films with Environmentally Benign Reagents for Increased Water Resistance. Green Chem. Lett. Rev. 2011, 4(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2010.500621.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cárdenas, G.; Anaya, P.; Del Rio, R.; Schrebler, R.; Von Plessing, C.; Schneider, M. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy of Chitosan Composite Films. J. Chil. Chem. Soc. 2010, 55(3), 352–354. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-97072010000300017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadogan, E. I.; Lee, C. H.; Popuri, S. R.; Lin, H. Y. Characterization, Fouling, and Performance of Synthesized Chitosan–Glycerol Membranes in Bacterial Removal from Municipal Wastewater, Desalin. Water. Treat. 2016, 57, 17670–17682. DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2015.1089192.
   Google Scholar
• Marques, J. S.; Pereira, M. R.; Sotto, A.; Arsuaga, J. M. Removal of Aqueous Copper(ii) by Using Crosslinked Chitosan Films. React. Funct. Polym. 2019, 134, 31–39. DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.10.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wan, Y.; Creber, K. A. M.; Peppley, B.; Bui, V. T. Synthesis, Characterization and Ionic Conductive Properties of Phosphorylated Chitosan Membranes. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2003, 204(5–6), 850–858. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.200390056.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, P. H.; Hwang, Y. H.; Kuo, T. Y.; Liu, F. H.; Lai, J. Y.; Hsieh, H. J. Improvement in the Properties of Chitosan Membranes Using Natural Organic Acid Solutions as Solvents for Chitosan Dissolution. J. Med. Biol. Eng. 2007, 27, 23–28.
   Google Scholar
• Sedelkin, V. M.; Potehina, L. N.; Lebedeva, O. A.; Schneider, M. G.; Ulyanova, E. R. Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan Pressure-Driven Filtration Membranes, Membr. Membr. Technol. 2019, 1(5), 306–315. https://doi.org/10.1134/s2517751619050081.
   Google Scholar
• Barret, E. P.; Joyner, L. G. Determination of Nitrogen Adsorption-Desorption Isotherms. Anal. Chem. 1951, 23(5), 791–792. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60053a033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sing, K. The Use of Nitrogen Adsorption for the Characterisation of Porous Materials, Colloids Surfaces a Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2001, 187–188, 3–9. DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)00612-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowell, S.; Shields, J. E.; Thomas, M. A.; Thommes, M. Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders Surface Area, Pore Size and Density, Springer Science+business Media, LLC; Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-2303-3.
   Google Scholar
• Sing, K. S. W.; Williams, R. T. Physisorption Hysteresis Loops and the Characterization of Nanoporous Materials. Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. 2004, 22(10), 773–782. https://doi.org/10.1260/0263617053499032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thommes, M.; Kaneko, K.; Neimark, A. V.; Olivier, J. P.; Rodriguez-Reinoso, F.; Rouquerol, J.; Sing, K. S. W. Physisorption of Gases, with Special Reference to the Evaluation of Surface Area and Pore Size Distribution (IUPAC Technical Report. Pure Appl. Chem. 2015, 87(9–10), 1051–1069. DOI: 10.1515/pac-2014-1117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, P.; Pillay, V.; Choonara, Y. E. Macroporous Chitosan/Methoxypoly(ethylene Glycol) Based Cryosponges with Unique Morphology for Tissue Engineering Applications. Sci. Rep. 2021, 11(1), 3104. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82484-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, W.; Bai, Z.; Zhu, Y. Fast Removal of Co(ii) from Aqueous Solution Using Porous Carboxymethyl Chitosan Beads and Its Adsorption Mechanism. R.S.C. Adv. 2018, 8(24), 13370–13387. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA13064C.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlAbduljabbar, F. A.; Haider, S.; Ahmed Ali, F. A.; Alghyamah, A. A.; Almasry, W. A.; Patel, R.; Mujtaba, I. M. TiO2 Nanostructured Coated Functionally Modified and Composite Electrospun Chitosan Nanofibers Membrane for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutant in Wastewater. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2021, 15, 5197–5212. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.10.119.
   Google Scholar
• Alkhudhiri, A.; Darwish, N.; Hilal, N. Membrane Distillation: A Comprehensive Review. Desalination. 2012, 287, 2–18. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2011.08.027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramlow, H.; D’ávila Kramer Cavalcanti, C.; Machado, R. A. F.; Krause Bierhalz, A. C.; Marangoni, C. Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Applied to Colored Reactive or Disperse Dye Solutions. Chem. Eng. Technol. 2019, 42(5), 1045–1052. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201800468.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tolentino Filho, C. M.; de Sousa Silva, R.; Cavalcanti, C. D. Á. K.; Granato, M. A.; Machado, R. A. F.; Marangoni, C. Membrane Distillation for the Recovery Textile Wastewater: Influence of Dye Concentration. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2022, 46, 102611–102620. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.102611.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srisurichan, S.; Jiraratananon, R.; Fane, A. G. Mass Transfer Mechanisms and Transport Resistances in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Process. J. Memb. Sci. 2006, 277, 186–194. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.10.028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, C.; Zhang, X.; Ding, C.; Xiong, S.; Yu, X.; Wang, Y. Improved Performance of Thin-Film Composite Membrane Supported by Aligned Nanofibers Substrate with Slit-Shape Pores for Forward Osmosis. J. Memb. Sci. 2020, 612, 118447. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118447.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanani, D. M.; Fissell, W. H.; Roy, S.; Dubnisheva, A.; Fleischman, A.; Zydney, A. L. Permeability–Selectivity Analysis for Ultrafiltration: Effect of Pore Geometry. J. Memb. Sci. 2010, 349(1–2), 405–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2009.12.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Sousa Silva, R.; Ramlow, H.; de Castro Santos, B.; Madalosso, H. B.; Machado, R. A. F.; Marangoni, C. Membrane Distillation: Experimental Evaluation of Liquid Entry Pressure in Commercial Membranes with Textile Dye Solutions. J. Water. Process. Eng. 2021, 44, 102339–102348. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar