The Nepali diaspora’s role in national development

References

• Adhikari, A., D. Dahal, and R. Khatiwada. 2019, July. “Diaspora’s Role in Nepal’s Development.” Diaspora’s Role in Nepal’s Development: Summary of the Forum Held at the Nepali National Convention. Baltimore, MD, USA. July 5–7, 2019. Baltimore: ANA. Retrieved February 16, 2022, from https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nsc_research/86/.
   Google Scholar
• Adhikari, A., G. Dahal, B. Sharma, and D. Gajurel. 2019. Toronto Conference Summary Report. International Conference: Role of Nepali Diaspora in Higher Education in Nepal. Toronto: ANA. Retrieved February 16, 2022, from https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nsc_research/84/.
   Google Scholar
• Adhikari, A., D. Rasali, G. Katuwal, Y. Gurung, R. Nepal, K. Lamichhane, and K. Sherpa. 2010. NRNA ID Card Evaluation Committee Report. Web based: NRNA.org. Retrieved from NRNA.org: https://nrna.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/nrn_card_evaluation_report_sept2010.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government. 2021. Education market profile – Nepal. Retrieved from Australian Government, Australian Trade and Investment Commision: https://www.austrade.gov.au/australian/education/countries/nepal
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government, DESE. 2021, November. Australian Government, Dept. of Education, Skills and Employment (DESE), Monthly Data. Retrieved February 16, 2022, from Australian Government, DESE: file:///C:/Users/ambik/Downloads/11_November_2021_Monthly_Summary.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Bhagwati, J. 2012, January 27. The Brain-Drain Panic Returns. Retrieved February 20, 2022, from Project Syndicate, the World’s Opinion Page: https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/the-brain-drain-panic-returns-2012-01
   Google Scholar
• Bhandari, H. B. 2021, November 29. Political Participation and Ligustic Integration of Nepalese Americans. Political Participation and Ligustic Integration of Nepalese Americans. Baltimore, Maryland, USA: University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
   Google Scholar
• CBS Nepal. 2022, January 26. National Census 2021, Preliminary Results from the 2021 Census Press Release. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from NPC Central burea of Statistics (CBS): https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/Home/Details?tpid=2&dcid=27a1b4d1-9a2a-4205-96be-1c540c24f193
   Google Scholar
• Census of India. 2011. Census of India, 2011. Language. Delhi: OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA, 7. Accessed 30 March 2012. https://censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/C-16_25062018_NEW.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Constitute Project. 2015. Constitution of Nepal. p. 16. Accessed 21 Feb 2022, from Constiuteproject.org: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Nepal_2015.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dhakal, P. D. et al. 2019. “Open University of Nepal Initiative: Lessons Learned from Designing an Institution of Higher Learning.” In Higher Education in Nepal: Policies and Perspectives, edited by K. S. Bista, 167. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gaulee, U. 2017. “Leveraging Diasporic Power for Nation Building.” Comparative Civilizations Review 76 (76): 9. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol76/iss76/.
   Google Scholar
• Gevorkyan, A. V. 2021. “Diaspora and Economic Development: A Systemic View.” The European Journal of Development Research 2021: 1–15. doi:10.1057/s41287-021-00432-x
   Google Scholar
• Government of Nepal. 2020. Nepal Labor Migration Report 2020. Kathmandu: Government of Nepal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Nepal, MoHA. 2018, April 26). Department of Immigration, Government of Nepal, Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA). Retrieved from Non-Resident-Nepalese-Act-2064: https://www.immigration.gov.np/post/non-resident-nepalese-act-2064
   Google Scholar
• KLTC. 2016, May 29. Act On The Immigration And Legal Status Of Overseas Koreans. Retrieved from Korea Law Translation Center (KLTC): https://elaw.klri.re.kr/kor_service/lawView.do?hseq=38886&lang=ENG
   Google Scholar
• Kuznetsov, Y. 2013. How Can Talent Abroad Induce Development at Home (Y. Kuznetsov, Ed.). Washington, D. C.: MPI Migration Policy Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. 2016, September 14). The Chinese diaspora’s role in the rise of China. Accessed 22 Feb 2022, from East Asia Forum: Economics, Politics and Public Policy in East Asia and the Pacific: https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2016/09/14/the-chinese-diasporas-role-in-the-rise-of-china/#:∼:text=Diaspora%20investment%20revitalised%20the%20Chinese,to%20upgrade%20the%20wider%20economy.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. 2017, March 31. The new Chinese diaspora (T. L. Institute, Producer). Accessed 22 Feb 2022, 2022, from Theenterpreter https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/new-chinese-diaspora
   Google Scholar
• Mandal, C. K. 2020, May 1. “At Least 500,000 Migrant Workers Want to Return Home at The Earliest, Says Report.” The Kathmandu Post. Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal. https://kathmandupost.com/national/2020/05/21/at-least-500-000-migrant-workers-want-to-return-home-at-the-earliest-says-report
   Google Scholar
• Migration Data Portal. 2021, June 03. Remittances. Accessed 18 Feb 2022, from Migration Data Portal China https://www.migrationdataportal.org/themes/remittances
   Google Scholar
• MoFA. 2021. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA), Nepal. Welcome to the Brain Gain Center: https://mofa.gov.np/bgc/
   Google Scholar
• NPI. 2021. NPI – Nepal Policy Institute https://nepalpolicyinstitute.org/
   Google Scholar
• NRNA. 2021. Retrieved from NRNA: https://nrna.org/nrna-association-who-we-are/
   Google Scholar
• Online Khabar. 2022. February 10. Remittance Inflow Continues to Fall Throughout the Fiscal Year’s First Half. Accessed 21 Feb 2022, from Onlinekhabar.com: https://english.onlinekhabar.com/remittance-inflow-fall.html
   Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. 2021. Nepalese Population in the U. S., 2000–2019. Number, Facts, and Trends Shaping Your World. Washington, D. C.: Pew Reserch Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/chart/nepalese-population-in-the-u-s/
   Google Scholar
• Plaza, S., and D. Ratha. 2011. Diaspora for Development in Africa, xi. Washington DC: The World Bank. Accessed 16 Feb 2022. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/2295/616380PUB0Dias1351B0Extop0ID0182580.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
   Google Scholar
• Ratha, D., E. J. Kim, S. Plaza, G. Seshan, E. J. Riordan, and V. Chandra. 2021. Recovery: COVID-19 Crisis through a Migration Lens, 52. Washington, D. C.: KNOMAD-World Bank, Washington, DC. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. Accessed 21 Feb 2022. https://www.knomad.org/sites/default/files/2021-11/Migration_Brief%2035_1.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Rizvi, F. 2021, October. “International Higher Education and the Formation of Business Diasporas.” British Journal of Educational Studies 69 (5): 537–556. doi:10.1080/00071005.2021.1935705.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrestha, H. P. 2021, April 4. “Nepali in America: Expanding Their Footprint.” South Asia Journal Accessed 8–9 Feb 2022. http://southasiajournal.net/nepali-in-america-expanding-their-footprint/.
   Google Scholar
• Song, C. 2014. “Engaging the Diaspora in an Era of Transnationalism: South Korea’s Engagement with Its Diaspora Can Support the Country’s Development. Engaging the Diaspora in an Era of Transnationalism.” IZA World of Labor 64: 1–10. doi:10.15185/izawol.64.
   Google Scholar
• Statista.com. 2021. Total Polulation of China from 1980 to 2020 with Forecast Until 2026 (In Million). Washington, D. C.: Statista.com.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. 2016. Census Profile, 2016 Census. Accessed from Statistics Canada https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Ethnic%20origin&TABID=1&type=0
   Google Scholar
• The World Bank. 2020a. Personal remittances, received (current US$) – Nepal. Retrieved from The World Bank Data: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT?locations=NP
   Google Scholar
• The World Bank. 2020b. Personal remittances, received (% of GDP) – Nepal. Retrieved from The World Bank Data: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS?locations=NP
   Google Scholar
• The World Bank. 2021, October 27). The World Bank Data. Accessed 8 Jan 2022, from The World Bank Data for Nepal: https://data.worldbank.org/country/NP
   Google Scholar
• UN DESA. 2020. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Washington, D. C.: International Migration Highlights.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations. 2017, July 5). Issue Brief #4. Contributions of migrants and diasporas to all dimensions of sustainable development, including remittances and portability of earned benefits, 1–2. Accessed 20 Feb 2022, from Refugeesmigrants.un.org: https://refugeesmigrants.un.org/sites/default/files/ts4_issuebrief.pdf
   Google Scholar
• US Embassy in Nepal. 2019. The United States Remains a Preferred Choice for Nepali Students. Kathmandu: US embassy.
   Google Scholar
• USAID. 2021, July 12. USAID and Diaspora: Partners in Development. Accessed 16 Feb 2022, from USAID: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/15396/usaid_diaspora16_web_spreadv3.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Welch, A., and J. Hao. 2015. “Global Argonauts: Returnees and Diaspora as Sources of Innovation in China and Israel.” Globalisation, Societies and Education 2015: 16. doi:10.1080/14767724.2015.1026249.
   Google Scholar