Advanced search
Publication Cover
HIV Research & Clinical Practice Volume 20, 2019 - Issue 4-5
Submit an article Journal homepage
456
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Letter to the Editor

Characterization of low level viraemia in HIV-infected patients receiving boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral regimens

Francesca FerrettiDepartment of HIV, Sexual Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Correspondence[email protected]
View further author information
,
Nicola E. MackieDepartment of HIV, Sexual Health and Infections, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; View further author information
,
Gurmit Kaur Jagjit SinghDepartment of HIV, Sexual Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; View further author information
,
Julie FoxGuy’s and St Thomas Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; View further author information
,
Steve KayeDivision of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UKORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7389-4741View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Myra O. McClureDivision of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UKView further author information
,
Graham TaylorDivision of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UKView further author information
&
Marta BoffitoDepartment of HIV, Sexual Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; ;Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UKView further author information
 show all
Pages 107-110 | Received 11 Jul 2019, Accepted 06 Jan 2020, Published online: 30 Jan 2020

References

  • Venter WDF, Moorhouse M, Grobbee DE, et al. Effect of HIV-1 low-level viraemia during antiretroviral therapy on treatment outcomes in WHO-guided South African treatment programmes: a multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;18(2):188–197.
  • Joya C, Won SH, Okulicz J, et al. Low level viremia is associated with virologic failure in a large military cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61(3):5072.
  • Tobin NH, Learn GH, Holte SE, et al. Evidence that low-level viremias during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy result from two processes : Expression of archival virus and replication of virus evidence that low-level viremias during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol. 2005;79(15):9625–9634.
  • Nettles RE, Kieffer TL, Kwon P, et al. Intermittent HIV-1 viremia (blips) and drug resistance in patients receiving HAART. JAMA. 2005;293(7):817–829.
  • Vancoillie L, Hebberecht L, Dauwe K, et al. Longitudinal sequencing of HIV-1 infected patients with low-level viremia for years while on ART shows no indications for genetic evolution of the virus. Virology. 2017;510:185–193.
  • Auyeung K, Watson B, Nohpal A, et al. A single untimed plasma drug concentration measurement during low-level HIV viremia predicts virologic failure. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(12):1004.e9–1004.e16.
  • Parikh UM, McCormick K, Van Zyl G, Mellors JW. Future technologies for monitoring HIV drug resistance and cure. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2017;12(2):182–189.
  • De Meyer S, Lathouwers E, Dierynck I, et al. Characterization of virologic failure patients on darunavir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced patients. AIDS 2009;23(14):1829–1840.
  • Dolling DI, UK Collaborative HIV Cohort Study (UK CHIC), Dunn DT, et al. Low frequency of genotypic resistance in HIV-1-infected patients failing an atazanavir-containing regimen: A clinical cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2013;68(10):2339–2343.
  • Lataillade M, Chiarella J, Yang R, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of HIV drug resistance mutations by ultra-deep sequencing in antiretroviral-naïve subjects in the CASTLE study. PLoS One. 2010;5(6):e10952–e10957.
  • Simen B, St. John E, Kozal M, et al. Virologic failures on initial boosted-PI regimen infrequently possess low-level variants with major PI resistance mutations by ultra-deep sequencing. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30118.
  • Perrier M, Visseaux B, Landman R, et al. No impact of HIV-1 protease minority resistant variants on the virological response to a first-line PI-based regimen containing darunavir or atazanavir. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018;73(1):173–176.
  • Fun A, Wensing AMJ, Verheyen J, Nijhuis M. Human immunodeficiency virus gag and protease: partners in resistance (Figure 1). 2012;1–14. http://www.retrovirology.com/content/pdf/1742-4690-9-63.pdf
  • Perrier M, Castain L, Regad L, et al. HIV-1 protease, Gag and gp41 baseline substitutions associated with virological response to a PI-based regimen. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019;74(6):1–14.
  • Rockstroh J, Boesecke C, McClure MO, et al. Use of next-generation sequencing in the CHAT study (acute HCV in HIV): effect of baseline resistance-associated NS3 variants on treatment failure. HIV Clin Trials. 2018;4336:1–6.
  • Delfraissy J, Delaugerre C, Gupta RK. Phenotypic characterization of virological failure following lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy using full-length gag– protease genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014;69(12):3340–3348.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.