Psychometric Properties of the Persian Short Version of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS-6)

References

• Blais-Lecours, S., Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P., Sabourin, S., & Godbout, N. (2016). Cyberpornography: Time use, perceived addiction, sexual functioning, and sexual satisfaction. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(11), 649–655. doi:10.1089/cyber.2016.0364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bőthe, B., Lonza, A., Štulhofer, A., & Demetrovics, Z. (2020). Symptoms of problematic pornography use in a sample of treatment considering and treatment non-considering men: A network approach. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17(10), 2016–2028. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.05.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bőthe, B., Tóth-Király, I., Demetrovics, Z., & Orosz, G. (2021). The short version of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS-6): A reliable and valid measure in general and treatment-seeking populations. The Journal of Sex Research, 58(3), 342–352. doi:10.1080/00224499.2020.1716205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bőthe, B., Tóth-Király, I., Potenza, M. N., Orosz, G., & Demetrovics, Z. (2020). High-frequency pornography use may not always be problematic. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17(4), 793–811. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.01.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bőthe, B., Tóth-Király, I., Zsila, Á., Griffiths, M. D., Demetrovics, Z., & Orosz, G. (2018). The development of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS). The Journal of Sex Research, 55(3), 395–406. doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1291798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bőthe, B., Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P., Dion, J., Štulhofer, A., & Bergeron, S. (2021). Validity and reliability of the short version of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS-6-A) in adolescents. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 35(4), 486–500.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, L., & Jiang, X. (2020). The assessment of problematic internet pornography use: A comparison of three scales with mixed methods. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2), 488. doi:10.3390/ijerph17020488
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper, A. (1998). Sexuality and the Internet: Surfing into the new millennium. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 1(2), 187–193. doi:10.1089/cpb.1998.1.187
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, A., & Griffin-Shelley, E. (2002). Introduction. The Internet: The next sexual revolution. In: Sex and the Internet: A guidebook for clinicians (pp. 1–15). New York, USA: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ebadi, A., Zarshenas, L., Rakhshan, M., Zareiyan, A., Sharifnia, S., & Mojahedi, M. (2017). Principles of scale development in health science. Tehran: Jame-e-Negar.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez, D. P., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). Psychometric instruments for problematic pornography use: A systematic review. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 44(2), 111–141. doi:10.1177/0163278719861688
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fülöp, F., Bőthe, B., Gál, É., Cachia, J. Y. A., Demetrovics, Z., & Orosz, G. (2020). A two-study validation of a single-item measure of relationship satisfaction: RAS-1. Current Psychology, 41, 2109–2121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths, M. (2005). A ‘components’ model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use, 10(4), 191–197. doi:10.1080/14659890500114359
   Google Scholar
• Grubbs, J. B., Grant, J. T., Lee, B. N., Hoagland, K. C., Davidson, P., Reid, R. C., & Kraus, S. W. (2020). Sexual addiction 25 years on: A systematic and methodological review of empirical literature and an agenda for future research. Clinical Psychology Review, 82, 101925.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grubbs, J. B., & Perry, S. L. (2019). Moral incongruence and pornography use: A critical review and integration. The Journal of Sex Research, 56(1), 29–37. doi:10.1080/00224499.2018.1427204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grubbs, J. B., Perry, S. L., Wilt, J. A., & Reid, R. C. (2019). Pornography problems due to moral incongruence: An integrative model with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48(2), 397–415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grubbs, J. B., Volk, F., Exline, J. J., & Pargament, K. I. (2015). Internet pornography use: Perceived addiction, psychological distress, and the validation of a brief measure. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 41(1), 83–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F. (2019). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Herbenick, D., Fu, T.-C., Wright, P., Paul, B., Gradus, R., Bauer, J., & Jones, R. (2020). Diverse sexual behaviors and pornography use: Findings from a nationally representative probability survey of Americans aged 18 to 60 years. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17(4), 623–633.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keszei, A. P., Novak, M., & Streiner, D. L. (2010). Introduction to health measurement scales. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68(4), 319–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein, V., Savaş, Ö., & Conley, T. D. (2021). How WEIRD and androcentric is sex research? Global inequities in study populations. The Journal of Sex Research, 58, 1–8. doi:10.1080/00224499.2021.1918050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kor, A., Zilcha-Mano, S., Fogel, Y. A., Mikulincer, M., Reid, R. C., & Potenza, M. N. (2014). Psychometric development of the problematic pornography use scale. Addictive Behaviors, 39(5), 861–868.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus, S. W., Krueger, R. B., Briken, P., First, M. B., Stein, D. J., Kaplan, M. S., … Reed, G. M. (2018). Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder in the ICD‐11. World Psychiatry, 17(1), 109–110. doi:10.1002/wps.20499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus, S. W., & Sweeney, P. J. (2019). Hitting the target: Considerations for differential diagnosis when treating individuals for problematic use of pornography. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48(2), 431–435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam, C. B., & Chan, D. K.-S. (2007). The use of cyberpornography by young men in Hong Kong: Some psychosocial correlates. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36(4), 588–598. doi:10.1007/s10508-006-9124-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewczuk, K., Wójcik, A., & Gola, M. (2021). Increase in the prevalence of online pornography use: Objective data analysis from the period between 2004 and 2016 in Poland. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51(2), 1157–1171.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez, M. C., Latorre, M. D. R. D. D. O., & Fischer, F. M. (2009). Validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the Work Ability Index questionnaire. Revista de Saúde Pública, 43(3), 525–532. doi:10.1590/S0034-89102009005000017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2016). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. London: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what's being reported? Critique and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 29(5), 489–497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2013). Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice. China: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Štulhofer, A., Wiessner, C., Koletić, G., Pietras, L., & Briken, P. (2021). Religiosity, perceived effects of pornography use on personal sex life, and moral incongruence: Insights from the German Health and Sexuality Survey (GeSiD). The Journal of Sex Research, 59, 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinsley, H. E., & Brown, S. D. (2000). Multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling. In Howard E.A. Tinsley & Steven D. Brown (Eds.), Handbook of applied multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 3–36). Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P., & Bergeron, S. (2019). Self-perceived problematic pornography use: Beyond individual differences and religiosity. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48(2), 437–441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waltz, C. F., & Bausell, R. B. (1981). Nursing research: Design, statistics, and computer analysis. Philadelphia, USA: FA Davis Company.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2014). Process of translation and adaptation of instruments. WHO website.
   Google Scholar
• Willoughby, B. J., & Busby, D. M. (2016). In the eye of the beholder: Exploring variations in the perceptions of pornography. The Journal of Sex Research, 53(6), 678–688. doi:10.1080/00224499.2015.1013601
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, P. J. (2013). US males and pornography, 1973–2010: Consumption, predictors, correlates. Journal of Sex Research, 50(1), 60–71. doi:10.1080/00224499.2011.628132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar