A single-crystalline diamond X-ray detector based on direct sp³-to-sp² conversed graphene electrodes

References

• Tsao JY, Chowdhury S, Hollis MA, et al. Ultrawide-bandgap semiconductors: research opportunities and challenges. Adv Electron Mater. 2018;4(1):1600501.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donato N, Rouger N, Pernot J, et al. Diamond power devices: state of the art, modelling, figures of merit and future perspective. J Phys D Appl Phys. 2020;53(9):093001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isberg J, Hammersberg J, Johansson E, et al. High carrier mobility in single-crystal plasma-deposited diamond. Science. 2002;297(5587):1670–1672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim M, Seo J-H, Singisetti U, et al. Recent advances in free-standing single crystalline wide band-gap semiconductors and their applications: GaN, SiC, ZnO, β-Ga2O3, and diamond. J Mater Chem C. 2017;5(33):8338–8354.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren Z, Xing Y, Lv D, et al. Diamond MOS interface properties and FET characteristics with high-temperature ALD-grown HfO2 dielectric. AIP Adv. 2021;11(3):035041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato Y, Shimaoka T, Kaneko JH, et al. Radiation hardness of a single crystal CVD diamond detector for MeV energy protons. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res Sect A. 2015;784:147–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skukan N, Sudić I, Pomorski M, et al. Enhanced radiation hardness and signal recovery in thin diamond detectors. AIP Adv. 2019;9(2):025027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koide Y, Liao M, Alvarez J. Thermally stable solar-blind diamond UV photodetector. Diamond Relat Mater. 2006;15(11–12):1962–1966.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh A, Moll M, Wagner A, et al. Neutron irradiation studies with detector grade CVD diamond. Diamond Relat Mater. 2000;9:1987–1903.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wooldridge DE, Ahearn AJ, Burton JA. Conductivity pulses induced in diamond by alpha-particles. Phys Rev. 1947;71(12):913–913.
   Google Scholar
• Kozlov SF, Stuck R, Hage-Ali M, et al. Preparation and characteristics of natural diamond nuclear radiation detectors. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci. 1975;22(1):160–170.
   Google Scholar
• Bergonzo P, Brambilla A, Tromson D, et al. CVD diamond for radiation detection devices. Diamond Relat Mater. 2001;10(3–7):631–638.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergonzo P, Brambilla A, Tromson D, et al. CVD diamond for nuclear detection applications. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res Sect A. 2002;476(3):694–700.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balducci A, Garino Y, Giudice AL, et al. Radiological X-ray dosimetry with single crystal CVD diamond detectors. Diamond Relat Mater. 2006;15(4–8):797–801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morse J, Salomé M, Berdermann E, et al. Single crystal CVD diamond as an X-ray beam monitor. Diamond Relat Mater 2007;16(4–7):1049–1052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kania DR, Landstrass MI, Plano MA, et al. Diamond radiation detectors. Diamond Relat Mater 1993;2(5–7):1012–1019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balandin AA, Ghosh S, Bao W, et al. Superior thermal conductivity of single-layer graphene. Nano Lett. 2008;8(3):902–907.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen JH, Jang C, Xiao S, et al. Intrinsic and extrinsic performance limits of graphene devices on SiO2. Nature Nanotech. 2008;3(4):206–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew S, Chan TK, Zhan D, et al. The effect of layer number and substrate on the stability of graphene under MeV proton beam irradiation. Carbon. 2011;49(5):1720–1726.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park H, Brown PR, Bulović V, et al. Graphene as transparent conducting electrodes in organic photovoltaics: studies in graphene morphology, hole transporting layers, and counter electrodes. Nano Lett. 2012;12(1):133–140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jo G, Choe M, Lee S, et al. The application of graphene as electrodes in electrical and optical devices. Nanotechnology. 2012;23(11):112001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao K, Yang C, Zang X, et al. Carbon sp2-sp3 technology: graphene-on-diamond thin film UV detector. 2014 IEEE 27th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems; (MEMS); 2014 Jan 26-30; San Francisco, CA, USA. IEEE; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Wei M, Yao K, Liu Y, et al. A solar-blind UV detector based on graphene-microcrystalline diamond heterojunctions. Small. 2017;13(34):1701328.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang H, Dai Z, Ha K-H, et al. Stretchability of PMMA-supported CVD graphene and of its electrical contacts. 2D Mater. 2019;7(1):014003.
   Google Scholar
• Loan PTK, Wu D, Ye C, et al. Hall effect biosensors with ultraclean graphene film for improved sensitivity of label-free DNA detection. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2018;99:85–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pallecchi E, Lafont F, Cavaliere V, et al. High electron mobility in epitaxial graphene on 4H-SiC(0001) via post-growth annealing under hydrogen. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tokuda N, Fukui M, Makino T, et al. Formation of graphene-on-diamond structure by graphitization of atomically flat diamond (111) surface. Jpn J Appl Phys. 2013;52(11R):110121.
   Google Scholar
• Ueda K, Aichi S, Asano H. Direct formation of graphene layers on diamond by high-temperature annealing with a cu catalyst. Diamond Relat Mater. 2016;63:148–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berman D, Deshmukh SA, Narayanan B, et al. Metal-induced rapid transformation of diamond into single and multilayer graphene on wafer scale. Nat Commun. 2016;7:12099.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanada S, Nagai M, Ito S, et al. Fabrication of graphene on atomically flat diamond (111) surfaces using nickel as a catalyst. Diamond Relat Mater. 2017;75:105–109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tulić S, Waitz T, Čaplovičová M, et al. Catalytic graphitization of single-crystal diamond. Carbon. 2021;185:300–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan Q, Liu Y, Ye C, et al. Highly stable and regenerative graphene–diamond hybrid electrochemical biosensor for fouling target dopamine detection. Biosens Bioelectron. 2018;111:117–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Xu H, Zhang J. Raman spectroscopy of graphene. Acta Chim Sin. 2014;72(3):301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu C, Li W, Xu J, et al. Graphene grown out of diamond. Appl Phys Lett. 2016;109(16):162105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu T, Liu Z, Chen G, et al. A study of the growth-time effect on graphene layer number based on a Cu–Ni bilayer catalyst system. RSC Adv. 2016;6(28):23956–23960.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu W, Li Z, Yang J. Diamond as an inert substrate of graphene. J Chem Phys. 2013;138(5):054701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selli D, Baburin I, Leoni S, et al. Theoretical investigation of the electronic structure and quantum transport in the graphene-C(111) diamond surface system. J Phys Condens Matter. 2013;25(43):435302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talamonti C, Kanxheri K, Pallotta S, et al. Diamond detectors for radiotherapy X-ray small beam dosimetry. Front Phys. 2021;9:632299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kono S, Teraji T, Takeuchi D, et al. Direct determination of the barrier height of Au ohmic-contact on a hydrogen-terminated diamond (001) surface. Diamond Relat Mater. 2017;73:182–189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lansley SP, Betzel GT, Meyer J, et al. CVD diamond X-ray detectors for radiotherapy dosimetry. In IEEE SENSORS 2009 Conference, 2009 Oct 25–28; Christchurch, New Zealand. IEEE; 2009.
   Google Scholar