Microfacies analysis of Eocene Ziarat Formation (eastern Alborz zone, NE Iran) and paleoenvironmental implications

References

• Afzal, J., Williams, M., Leng, M. J., Aldridge, R. J., & Stephenson, M. H. (2011). Evolution of paleocene to early eocene larger benthic foraminifer assemblages of the indus basin, Pakistan. Lethaia, 44(3), 299–320. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00247.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aghanabati, A. (2004). Geology of Iran. In 586 pp. Geological survey of Iran.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi, M. (1996). Tectonostratigraphic synthesis and structural style of the Alborz mountain system in northern Iran. Journal of Geodynamics, 21(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-3707(95)00009-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arni, P. (1965). L’évolution des Nummulitinae en tant que facteur de modification des dépôts littoraux. Mémoires Du Bureau De Recherches Géologiques Et Minières, 32, 7–20.
   Google Scholar
• Asiabanha, A., & Foden, J. (2012). Post-collisional transition from an extensional volcano-sedimentary basin to a continental arc in the Alborz Ranges, N-Iran. Lithos, 148, 98–111. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2012.05.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barattolo, F., Bassi, D., & Romano, R. (2007). Upper Eocene larger foraminiferal–coralline algal facies from the klokova mountain (southern continental Greece). Facies, 53(3), 361–375. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-007-0108-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bassi, D. (2005). Larger foraminiferal and coralline algal facies in an upper Eocene storm-influenced, shallow-water carbonate platform (colli berici, north-eastern Italy). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 226(1–2), 17–35. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bassi, D., Nebelsick, J. H., Puga-Bernabéu, Á., & Luciani, V. (2013). Middle eocene nummulites and their offshore re-deposition: a case study from the middle eocene of the venetian area, northeastern Italy. Sedimentary Geology, 297, 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2013.08.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beavington-Penney, S. J. (2004a). Analysis of the effects of abrasion on the test of palaeonummulites venosus: Implications for the origin of nummulithoclastic sediments. Palaios, 19,143-155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beavington-Penney, S. J. (2004b). Ecology of extant nummulitids and other larger benthic foraminifera: Applications in palaeoenvironmental analysis. Earth-Science Reviews, 67(3–4), 219–265. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beavington-Penney, S. J., Wright, V. P., & Racey, A. (2005). Sediment production and dispersal on foraminifera‐dominated early tertiary ramps: The eocene el garia formation, tunisia. Sedimentology, 52(3), 537–569. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2005.00709.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beavington-Penney, S. J., Wright, V. P., & Racey, A. (2006). The middle eocene seeb formation of oman: An investigation of acyclicity, stratigraphic completeness, and accumulation rates in shallow marine carbonate settings. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 76(10), 1137–1161. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.109
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattacharya, J., & Dickens, G. R. (2020). Eocene carbonate accumulation in the north-central Pacific Ocean: New insights from ocean drilling program site 1209, shatsky rise. Sedimentary Geology, 405, 105705. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2020.105705
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brasier, M., 1995. Fossil indicators of nutrient levels. 1: Eutrophication and climate change. geological society special publications 83, 113–132.
   Google Scholar
• Brasier, M. D. (1984). Some geometrical aspects of fusiform planispiral shape in larger foraminifera. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 3(1), 11–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1144/jm.3.1.11
   Google Scholar
• Briguglio, A., Seddighi, M., Papazzoni, C. A., & Hohenegger, J. (2017). Shear versus settling velocity of recent and fossil larger foraminifera: New insights on nummulite banks. Palaios, 32(5), 321–329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2016.083
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Consorti, L., & Köroğlu, F. (2019). Maastrichtian-Paleocene larger foraminifera biostratigraphy and facies of the şahinkaya member (NE Sakarya Zone, Turkey): insights into the eastern pontides arc sedimentary cover. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 183, 103965. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.103965
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ćosović, V., Drobne, K., & Moro, A. (2004). Paleoenvironmental model for Eocene foraminiferal limestones of the Adriatic carbonate platform (Istrian Peninsula). Facies, 50(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-004-0006-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ćosović, V., Mrinjek, E., Nemec, W., Španiček, J., & Terzić, K. (2018). Development of transient carbonate ramps in an evolving foreland basin. Basin Research, 30(4), 746–765. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12274
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallanave, E., Agnini, C., Bachtadse, V., Muttoni, G., Crampton, J. S., Strong, C. P., Hines, B. R., Hollis, C. J., & Slotnick, B. S. (2015). Early to middle Eocene magneto‐biochronology of the southwest Pacific Ocean and climate influence on sedimentation: Insights from the mead stream section, New Zealand. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 127(5–6), 643–660. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1130/B31147.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dellenbach, J. 1964. Contribution a` l’e´tude ge´ologique de la re´gion situe´e a` l’est de Te´he´ran (Iran). Dissertation, University of Strasbourg (France).
   Google Scholar
• Drobne, K. (1977). Alvéolines paléogènes de la Slovénie et de l’Istrie. Mémoires Suisses De Paléontologie, 99, 9–174.
   Google Scholar
• Drobne, K., Cosovic, V., Moro, A., & Buckovic, D. (2011). The role of the palaeogene adriatic carbonate platform in the spatial distribution of alveolinids. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 20, 721–751.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunham, R. J. (1962). Classifcation of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 1, 108–121.
   Google Scholar
• Embry, A. F., & Klovan, J. E. (1972). Absolute water depth limits of late devonian paleoecological zones. Geologische Rundschau, 61(2), 672–686. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01896340
   Google Scholar
• Flügel, E. (2010). Microfacies of carbonate rocks: Analysis, interpretation and application (pp. 633). Springer Science and Business Media.
   Google Scholar
• Ghosh, A. K., & Sarkar, S. (2013). Facies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of piacenzian carbonate deposits from the guitar formation of car Nicobar Island, India. Geoscience Frontiers, 4(6), 755–764. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2013.01.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadi, M., Less, G., & Vahidinia, M. (2019b). Eocene larger benthic foraminifera (alveolinids, nummulitids, and orthophragmines) from the eastern Alborz region (NE Iran): Taxonomy and biostratigraphy implications. Revue De Micropaléontologie, 63, 65–84. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2019.01.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadi, M., Mosaddegh, H., & Abbassi, N. (2015). Biostratigraphic interpretation and systematics of alveolina assemblages in the Ziarat Formation from soltanieh mountains (Western Alborz). Geoscience Journal, 95, 39–44.
   Google Scholar
• Hadi, M., Mosaddegh, H., & Abbassi, N. (2016). Microfacies and biofabric of nummulite accumulations (Bank) from the Eocene deposits of Western Alborz (NW Iran). Journal of African Earth Sciences, 124, 216–233. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.09.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadi, M., Salahi, A., Nasiri, Y., & Mosaddegh, H. (2019c). Sokolowia horizon of the Ziarat formation (Estern Alborz, Iran): Biostratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, 15(15 (2)), 15–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2019.02.02
   Google Scholar
• Hadi, M., Vahidinia, M., & Abbassi, N. (2019d). Ilerdian-Cuisian Alveolinids from the western Alborz and eastern Iran zones: Systematic and biostratigrapic implications. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 49(2), 141–162. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.49.2.141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadi, M., Vahidinia, M., & Hrabovsky, H. (2019a). Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy and microfacies analysis from the Ypresian (Ilerdian-Cuisian) limestones in the sistan suture zone (eastern Iran). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 28(1), 122–145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-1802-10
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallock, P., & Glenn, E. C. (1986). Larger foraminifera: A tool for paleoenvironmental analysis of Cenozoic carbonate depositional facies. Palaios, 1(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3514459
   Google Scholar
• Hallock, P., & Pomar, L. 2008. Cenozoic evolution of larger benthic foraminifers: Paleoceanographic evidence for changing habitats, Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, pp. 16–20.
   Google Scholar
• Haq, B. U., Hardenbol, J., & Vail, P. R. (1987). Chronology of fluctuating sea level since the Triassic. Science, 235(4793), 1156–1167. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1126/science.235.4793.1156
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Höntzsch, S., Scheibner, C., Brock, J., & Kuss, J. (2013). Circum-Tethyan carbonate platform evolution during the palaeogene: The prebetic platform as a test for climatically controlled facies shifts. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22, 891–918. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-1207-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Höntzsch, S., Scheibner, C., Kuss, J., Marzouk, A. M., & Rasser, M. W. (2010). Tectonically driven carbonate ramp evolution at the southern Tethyan shelf: The lower eocene succession of the galala mountains, Egypt. Facies, 57(1), 51–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-010-0229-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hottinger, L. (1960). Recherches sur les alvéolines du paléocène et de l’Eocène. Mémoires Suisses De Paléontologie, 75/76, 1–236.
   Google Scholar
• Hottinger, L. (1974). Alveolinids, Cretaceous-Tertiary larger foraminifera (pp. 84). Exxon Production Research Company, Technical Information Services.
   Google Scholar
• Hottinger, L. (1982). Larger foraminifera, giant cells with a historical background. Naturwissenschaften, 69(8), 361–371. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00396687
   Google Scholar
• Hottinger, L. (1983). Processes determining the distribution of larger foraminifera in space and time. Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin, 30, 239–253.
   Google Scholar
• Hottinger, L. (1997). Shallow benthic foraminiferal assemblages as signals for depth of their deposition and their limitations. Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France, 168, 491–505.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hottinger, L. (2001). Learning from the past?, 449-477. In E. Box & S. Pignatti (Eds.), Volume IV: The living world. part two. Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Huber, H. (1977). Geological map of Iran, 1: 1,000,000 with explanatory note. Iranian Oil Company.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen, A. R. (1976). Studies of Recent Amphistegina, taxonomy and some ecological aspects. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences, 25, 1–26.
   Google Scholar
• Less, G. (1987). Az Európai orthophragminák öslénytana és rétegtana/Paleontology and stratigraphy of the European orthophragminae. Institutum Geologicum Hungaricum, 51, 1–373.
   Google Scholar
• Less, G., & Özcan, E. (2012). Bartonian- Priabonian larger benthic foraminiferal events in the western Tethys. Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences, 105 (1), 129–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loeblich, A. R., & Tappan, H. (1988). Foraminiferal genera and their classification (pp. 970). Van Nostrand Reinhold.
   Google Scholar
• Machaniec, E., Jach, R., & Gradziński, M. (2011). Morphotype variation of orthophragminids as a palaeoecological indicator: A case study of Bartonian limestones, pod capkami quarry, tatra mts, Poland. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 81, 99–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín, M. M., Rey, J., Alcalá‐García, F. J., Tosquella, J., Deramond, J., Lara‐Corona, E., Duranthon, F., & Antoine, P. O. (2001). Tectonic controls on the deposits of a foreland basin: An example from the eocene corbières–minervois basin, France. Basin Research, 13(4), 419–433. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0950-091x.2001.00158.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín-Martín, M., Guerrera, F., Tosquella, J., & Tramontana, M. (2020a). Paleocene-lower eocene carbonate platforms of westernmost tethys. Sedimentary Geology, 404, 105674. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2020.105674
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín-Martín, M., Guerrera, F., & Tramontana, M. (2020b). Geodynamic implications of the latest Chattian-Langhian central-western peri-Mediterranean volcano-sedimentary event: A review. The Journal of Geology, 128(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/706262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín-Martín, M., Guerrera, F., Miclăuș, C., & Tramontana, M. (2020c). Similar oligo-miocene tectono-sedimentary evolution of the paratethyan branches represented by the moldavidian basin and maghrebian flysch basin. Sedimentary Geology, 396, 105548. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2019.105548
   Google Scholar
• Martín-Martín, M., Guerrera, F., Tosquella, J., & Tramontana, M. (2021). Middle eocene carbonate platforms of the westernmost tethys. Sedimentary Geology, 415, 105861. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2021.105861
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateu‐Vicens, G., Pomar, L., & Ferrandez‐Canadell, C. (2012). Nummulitic banks in the upper lutetian ‘buil level’, ainsa basin, south central pyrenean zone: The impact of internal waves. Sedimentology, 59(2), 527–552. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2011.01263.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, K. G. (2005). The phanerozoicrecord of global sea-level change. Science, 310(5752), 1293–1298. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1116412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morsilli, M., Bosellini, F. R., Pomar, L., Hallock, P., Aurell, M., & Papazzoni, C. A. (2012). Mesophotic coral buildups in a prodelta setting (late Eocene, southern Pyrenees, Spain): A mixed carbonate–siliciclastic system. Sedimentology, 59(3), 766–794. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2011.01275.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nebelsick, J. H., Bassi, D., & Lempp, J. (2013). Tracking paleoenvironmental changes in coralline algal-dominated carbonates of the lower oligocene calcareniti di castelgomberto formation (Monti Berici, Italy). Facies, 59(1), 133–148. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-012-0349-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nebelsick, J. H., Rasser, M. W., & Bassi, D. (2005). Facies dynamics in eocene to oligocene circumalpine carbonates. Facies, 51(1–4), 197–216. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-005-0069-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okay, A. (1989). Alpine-Himalayan blueschists. Annual Reviews in Earth and Planetary Sciences, 17(1), 55–87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.17.050189.000415
   Google Scholar
• Özgen-Erdem, N., İnan, N., Akyazı, M., & Tunoğlu, C. (2005). Benthonic foraminiferal assemblages and microfacies analysis of paleocene–eocene carbonate rocks in the kastamonu region, Northern Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 25(3), 403–417. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2004.04.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özcan, E., Less, G., Okay, A. I., Báldi-Beke, M., Kollányi, K., & Yīlmaz, İ. Ö. (2010). Stratigraphy and larger foraminifera of the eocene shallow-marine and olistostromal units of the southern part of the thrace basin, NW Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 19, 27–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özcan, E., Abbasi, İ. A., Drobne, K., Govindan, A., Jovane, L., & Boukhalfa, K. (2016). Early eocene orthophragminids and alveolinids from the jafnayn formation, N oman: Significance of Nemkovella stockari Less & Özcan, 2007 in Tethys. Geodinamica Acta, 28(3), 160–184. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09853111.2015.1107437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özcan, E., Less, G., Jovane, L., Catanzariti, R., Frontalini, F., Coccioni, R., Rostami, D., Rego, E. S., Kayğılı, S., Asgharian Rostami, M., & Giorgioni, M. A. (2019). Integrated biostratigraphy of the middle to upper eocene kirkgeçit formation (Baskil section, Elazığ, eastern Turkey): Larger benthic foraminiferal perspective. Mediterranean Geoscience Reviews, 1(1), 55–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s42990-019-00004-6
   Google Scholar
• Özgen-Erdem, N., & Koç-Tasgin, C. (2019). Microfacies and depositional environment of the ilerdian carbonates in the North-Western Tosya (SE Kastamonu) region, Northern Turkey. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 93(6), 704–712. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-019-1249-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papazzoni, C. A., Ćosović, V., Briguglio, A., & Drobne, K. (2017). Towards a calibrated larger foraminifera biostratigraphic zonation: Celebrating 18 years of the application of shallow benthic zones. Palaios, 32(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2016.043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papazzoni, C. A., & Seddighi, M. (2018). What, if Anything, Is a Nummulite Bank? Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 48 (4), 276–287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Racey, A. (2001). A review of Eocene nummulite accumulations: Structure, formation and reservoir potential. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 24(1), 79–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.2001.tb00662.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasser, M. W., Scheibner, C., & Mutti, M. (2005). A paleoenvironmental standard section for early ilerdian tropical carbonate factories (corbieres, France; Pyrenees, Spain). Facies, 51(1–4), 218–232. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-005-0070-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiss, Z., & Hottinger, L. (1984). The gulf of aqaba (elat): Ecological micropaleontology. Ecological Studies (Vol. 50, pp. 354). Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Sarkar, S. (2015). Thanetian-Ilerdian coralline algae and benthic foraminifera from northeast India: Microfacies analysis and new insights into the Tethyan perspective. Lethaia, 48(1), 13–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/let.12084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar, S. (2016). Upper pliocene heterozoan assemblage from the guitar formation of car Nicobar Island, India: Palaeoecological implications and taphonomic signatures. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, 96(2), 221–237. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-015-0214-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar, S. (2018). The enigmatic Palaeocene-Eocene coralline Distichoplax: Approaching the structural complexities, ecological affinities and extinction hypotheses. Marine Micropalaeontology, 139, 72–83. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2017.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar, S., & Ghosh, A. K. (2015). Evaluation of coralline algal diversity from the serravallian carbonate sediments of little Andaman Island (Hut Bay), India. Carbonates and Evaporites, 30(1), 13–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-014-0190-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaub, H. 1981. Nummulites et assilines de la trthys paleogene. taxonomie, phylogenrse et biostratigraphie. Memoires Suisses Palaeontologie, 104-106, 1–238.
   Google Scholar
• Scheibner, C., Rasser, M., & Mutti, M. (2007). The Campo section (Pyrenees, Spain) revisited: Implications for changing benthic carbonate assemblages across the Paleocene–Eocene boundary. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 248(1–2), 145–168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.12.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheibner, C., & Speijer, R. P. (2008). Late paleocene–early eocene tethyan carbonate platform evolution-A response to long-and short-term paleoclimatic change. Earth-Science Reviews, 90, 71–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seddighi, M., Briguglio, A., Hohenegger, J., & Papazzoni, C. A. (2015). New results on the hydrodynamic behaviour of fossil Nummulites tests from two nummulite banks from the Bartonian and Priabonian of northern Italy. Bollettino Della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 54, 103–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sengupta, S. (2001). observations on the plane of coiling in nummulites maculatus nuttall form B (: Foraminiferida). Indian Journal of Geology, 73 (3), 187–190.
   Google Scholar
• Serra-Kiel, J., Hottinger, L., Caus, E., Drobne, K., Ferràndez, C., Jauhri, A. K., Less, G., Pavlovec, R., Pignatti, J., Samsó, J. M., Schaub, H., Sirel, E., Strougo, A., Tambareau, Y., Tosquella, J., & Zakrevskaya, E. (1998). Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France, 169 (2), 281–299.
   Google Scholar
• Sharabi, M. (1990). Geological map of gorgan 1: 250000. Geological survey of Iran.
   Google Scholar
• Sirel, E., & Acar, Ş. (2008). Description and biostratigraphy of the thanetian-bartonian glomalveolinids and alveolinids of Turkey (pp. 264). TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası.
   Google Scholar
• Spanicek, J., Cosovic, V., Mrinjek, E., & Vlahovic, I. (2017). Early eocene evolution of carbonate depositional environments recorded in the cikola canyon (North Dalmatian Foreland Basin, Croatia). Geologia Croatica, 70(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4154/gc.2017.05
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stampfli, G., Marcoux, J., & Baud, A. (1991). Tethyan margins in space and time. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 87(1–4), 373–409. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(91)90142-E
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stöcklin, J. (1968). Structural history and tectonics of Iran: A review. AAPG Bulletin, 52, 1229–1258.
   Google Scholar
• Stöcklin, J. (1972). Iran central, septentrional et oriental. Lexique Stratigraphique International, III, Fascicule 9b, Iran (pp. 283). Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
   Google Scholar
• Tomás, S., Frijia, G., Bömelburg, E., Zamagni, J., Perrin, C., & Mutti, M. (2016). Evidence for seagrass meadows and their response to paleoenvironmental changes in the early eocene (Jafnayn Formation, Wadi Bani Khalid, N Oman). Sedimentary Geology, 341, 189–202. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2016.05.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trevisani, E., & Papazzoni, C. A. (1996). Paleoenvironmental control on the morphology of nummulites fabianii (prever) in the late priabonian parasequences of the mortisa sandstone (venetian alps, northern Italy). Rivista Italiana Di Paleontologia E Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy), 102 (3), 363–366. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.13130/2039-4942/5270
   Google Scholar
• Tucker, M. E., & Wright, V. P. (1990). Carbonate sediments and limestones: Constituents (pp. 482). Blackwell, Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Vincent, S. J., Allen, M. B., Ismail-Zadeh, A. D., Flecker, R., Foland, K. A., & Simmons, M. D. (2005). Insights from the talysh of azerbaijan into the paleogene evolution of the south caspian region. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 117(11), 1513–1533. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1130/B25690.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westerhold, T., Marwan, N., Drury, A. J., Liebrand, D., Agnini, C., Anagnostou, E., Barnet, J. S. K., Bohaty, S. M., DeVleeschouwer, D., Florindo, F., Frederichs, T., Hodell, D. A., Holbourn, A. E., Kroon, D., Lauretano, V., Littler, K., Lourens, L. J., Lyle, M., Paelike, H., Roehl, U., … Zachos, J. C. (2020). An astronomically dated record of Earth’s climate and its predictability over the last 66 million years. Science, 369(6509), 1383–1387. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, J. L. (1975). Carbonate facies in geological history (pp. 471). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Zamagni, J., Mutti, M., & Košir, A. (2008). Evolution of shallow benthic communities during the late paleocene–earliest eocene transition in the Northern Tethys (SW Slovenia). Facies, 54(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-007-0123-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar