Beneficial Effects of a Novel Fenugreek Seed Extract (Trigonella foenum-graecum, Furocyst®) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Follow-up Compliance Clinical Investigation

References

• Stein IF, Leventhal ML. Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1935;29(2):181–91. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(15)30642-6
   Google Scholar
• Witchel SF, Roumimper H, Oberfield S. Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2016;45(2):329–44. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2016.01.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witchel SF, Oberfield SE, Peña AS. Polycystic ovary syndrome: pathophysiology, presentation, and treatment with emphasis on adolescent girls. J Endocr Soc. 2019;3(8):1545–73. doi:10.1210/js.2019-00078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saadia Z. Follicle stimulating hormone (LH: FSH) ratio in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – obese vs. non-obese women. Med Arch. 2020;74(4):289–93. doi:10.5455/medarh.2020.74.289-293
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kamalanathan S, Sahoo JP, Sathyapalan T. Pregnancy in polycystic ovary syndrome. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(1):37–43. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.107830
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• El Hayek S, Bitar L, Hamdar LH, Mirza FG, Daoud G. Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome: An Updated Overview. Front Physiol. 2016;7:124. doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deswal R, Narwal V, Dang A, Pundir CS. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome: a brief systematic review. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2020;13(4):261–71. Epub 2020 Dec 28. doi:10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_95_18
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu T, Cui YQ, Zhao H, Liu HB, Zhao SD, Gao Y, Mu XL, Gao F, Chen ZJ. High levels of testosterone inhibit ovarian follicle development by repressing the FSH signaling pathway. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2015;35(5):723–9. doi:10.1007/s11596-015-1497-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Badawy A, Elnashar A. Treatment options for polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Womens Health. 2011;3:25–35. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S11304
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pasquali R, Gambineri A. Insulin sensitizers in polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Horm Res. 2013;40:83–102. doi:10.1159/000341837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang S, Du X, Wang R, Li R, Wang H, Luo L, O’Leary S, Qiao J, Mol BWJ. Ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparison of drugs. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2018;231:117–21. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.08.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrbíková J, Cibula D. Combined oral contraceptives in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod Update. 2005;11(3):277–91. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmi005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson NP. Metformin use in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann Transl Med. 2014;2(6):56. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.04.15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Akbaribazm M, Goodarzi N, Rahimi M. Female infertility and herbal medicine: an overview of the new findings. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9(10):5869–82. doi:10.1002/fsn3.2523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arentz S, Abbott JA, Smith CA, Bensoussan A. Herbal medicine for the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated oligo/amenorrhoea and hyperandrogenism; a review of the laboratory evidence for effects with corroborative clinical findings. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;14:511. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azin F, Khazali H. Phytotherapy of polycystic ovary syndrome: a review. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2022;20(1):13–20. doi:10.18502/ijrm.v20i1.10404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye H, Shaw IC. Dietary isoflavone-induced, estrogen receptor-β-mediated proliferation of Caco-2 cells is modulated by gallic acid. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020;145:111743. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2020.111743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbaribazm M, Khazaei MR, Khazaei M. Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of alcoholic/hydroalcoholic extract of Trifolium pratense. Chin Herb Med. 2020;12(3):326–35. doi:10.1016/j.chmed.2020.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng G, Wilczek B, Warner M, Gustafsson JA, Landgren BM. Isoflavone treatment for acute menopausal symptoms. Menopause. 2007;14(3 Pt 1):468–73. doi:10.1097/GME.0b013e31802cc7d0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syed QA, Rashid Z, Ahmad MH, Shukat R, Ishaq A, Muhammad N, Ur Rahman HU. Nutritional and therapeutic properties of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): a review. Int J Food Prop. 2020;23(1):1777–91. doi:10.1080/10942912.2020.1825482
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna A, John F, Das S, Thomas J, Rao J, Maliakel B, Im K. Efficacy of a novel extract of fenugreek seeds in alleviating vasomotor symptoms and depression in perimenopausal women: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. J Food Biochem. 2020;44(12):e13507. doi:10.1111/jfbc.13507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bashtian MH, Emami SA, Mousavifar N, Esmaily HA, Mahmoudi M, Poor AHM. Evaluation of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.), Effects Seeds Extract on Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Iran J Pharm Res. 2013;12(2)481. PMID: 24250624 PMCID: PMC:3813238–475.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swaroop A, Jaipuriar AS, Gupta SK, Bagchi M, Kumar P, Preuss HG, Bagchi D. Efficacy of a novel fenugreek seed extract (Trigonella foenum-graecum, Furocyst) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Int J Med Sci. 2015;12(10):825–31. doi:10.7150/ijms.13024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shim U, Kim HN, Lee H, Oh JY, Sung YA, Kim HL. Pathway analysis based on a genome-wide association study of polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):e0136609. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goyal S, Gupta N, Chatterjee S. Investigating Therapeutic Potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. as Our Defense Mechanism against Several Human Diseases. J Toxicol. 2016;2016:1250387. doi:10.1155/2016/1250387
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smet ME, McLennan A. Rotterdam criteria, the end. Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2018;21(2):59–60. doi:10.1002/ajum.12096
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johansson J, Stener-Victorin E. Polycystic ovary syndrome: effect and mechanisms of acupuncture for ovulation induction. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:762615. doi:10.1155/2013/762615
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss G, Skurnick JH, Goldsmith LT, Santoro NF, Park SJ. Menopause and hypothalamic-pituitary sensitivity to estrogen. JAMA. 2004;292(24):2991–6. doi:10.1001/jama.292.24.2991
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Chalabi M, Bass AN, Alsalman I. Physiology prolactin. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan [accessed 2021 Jul 29]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507829/
   Google Scholar
• Unluhizarci K, Karaca Z, Kelestimur F. Role of insulin and insulin resistance in androgen excess disorders. World J Diabetes. 2021 May 15;12(5):616–29. doi:10.4239/wjd.v12.i5.616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JJ, Choi YM. Dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2013;56(3):137–42. doi:10.5468/ogs.2013.56.3.137
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singh Y, Garg MK, Tandon N, Marwaha RK. A study of insulin resistance by HOMA-IR and its cut-off value to identify metabolic syndrome in urban Indian adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2013;5(4):245–51. doi:10.4274/Jcrpe.1127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassilatou E. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jul 14;20(26):8351–63. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i26.8351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almaeen AH, Alduraywish AA, Nabi M, Shah NN, Shaik R, Tantry BA. Quantitative changes in white blood cells: correlation with the hallmarks of polycystic ovary syndrome. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022;58(4):535. doi:10.3390/medicina58040535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukthamba P, Srinivasan K. Dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds and garlic (Allium sativum) alleviates oxidative stress in experimental myocardial infarction. Food Sci Hum Wellness. 2017;6(2):77–87. doi:10.1016/j.fshw.2017.04.001
   Google Scholar
• Maheshwari A, Verma N, Swaroop A, Bagchi M, Preuss HG, Tiwari K, Bagchi D. Efficacy of FurosapTM, a novel Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract, in enhancing testosterone level and improving sperm profile in male volunteers. Int J Med Sci. 2017;14(1):58–66. doi:10.7150/ijms.17256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar