Parts of Me: An Internal Family Systems Lens on the LGBTQIA + Coming out Experience

References

• Aranmolate, R., Bogan, D. R., Hoard, T., & Mawson, A. R. (2017). Suicide risk factors among LGBTQ youth: Review. JSM Schizophrenia, 2(2), 10–11.
   Google Scholar
• Bermúdez, J. M., & Bermúdez, S. (2002). Altar-making with latino families: A narrative therapy perspective. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 13(3-4), 329–347. https://doi.org/10.1300/J085v13n03_06
   Google Scholar
• Buser, T. J., Buser, J. K., & Gladding, S. T. (2005). Good Grief: The Part of Arts in Healing Loss and Grief. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 1(4), 173–183. https://doi-org.lib-e2.lib.ttu.edu/10 .1300/J456v01n03_10
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). The state of aging and health in America. US Department of Health and Human Services.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Youth risk behavior surveillance: United States, 2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Surveillance Summaries. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/ss/ss6506a1.htm
   Google Scholar
• Cochran, S. D., Grella, C. E., & Mays, V. M. (2012). Do substance use norms and perceived drug availability mediate sexual orientation differences in patterns of substance use? Results from the California Quality of Life Survey II. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 73(4), 675–685. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2012.73.675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felner, J. K., Dudley, T. D., & Ramirez-Valles, J. (2018). Anywhere but here": Querying spatial stigma as a social determinant of health among youth of color accessing LGBTQ services in Chicago’s boystown. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 213, 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.08.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fredriksen-Goldsen, K. I., Kim, H. J., Emlet, C. A., Muraco, A., Erosheva, E. A., & Hoy-Ellis, C. P. (2011). The aging and health report: Disparities and resilience among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender older adults. Institute for Multigenerational Health.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs, J. J., & Goldbach, J. (2015). Religious conflict, sexual identity, and suicidal behaviors among LGBT young adults. Archives of Suicide Research: Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research, 19(4), 472–488. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2015.1004476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gnan, G. H., Rahman, Q., Ussher, G., Baker, D., West, E., & Rimes, K. A. (2019). General and LGBTQ-specific factors associated with mental health and suicide risk among LGBTQ students. Journal of Youth Studies, 22(10), 1393–1408. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2019.1581361
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower, A. L., Valdez, C. A., Watson, R. J., Eisenberg, M. E., Mehus, C. J., Saewyc, E. M., Corliss, H. L., Sullivan, R., & Porta, C. M. (2019). First- and second-hand experiences of enacted stigma among LGBTQ youth. The Journal of School Nursing: The Official Publication of the National Association of School Nurses, 37(3), 185–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840519863094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, B. F., Stinson, F. S., Dawson, D. A., Chou, S. P., DuFour, M. C., Compton, W., Pickering, R. T., & Kaplan, K. (2004). Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(8), 807–816. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706007690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartwell, E. E., Belous, C. K., Benson, K., Cox, L., Iantaffi, A., McGeorge, C. R., Shipman, D., & Twist, M. L. C. (2021). Clinical guidelines for LGBTQIA-affirming marriage and family therapy. American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, AAMFT.
   Google Scholar
• Katz-Wise, S. L., Rosario, M., & Tsappis, M. (2016). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth and family acceptance. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 63(6), 1011–1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2016.07.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, M., Semlyen, J., Killaspy, H., Nazareth, I., & Osborn, D. (2007). A systematic review of research on counselling and psychotherapy for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people. British Association for Counselling & Psychotherapy.
   Google Scholar
• Klein, A., & Golub, S. A. (2016). Family rejection as a predictor of suicide attempts and substance misuse among transgender and gender nonconforming adults. LGBT Health, 3(3), 193–199. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2015.0111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lander, K. (2020). A reflection on arts-based mindfulness group work and social change for LGBTQ youth. Social Work with Groups, 43(1-2), 86–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/01609513.2019.1638652
   Google Scholar
• Masci, D., & Lipka, M. (2015). Where Christian churches, other religions stand on gay marriage. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/12/21/where-christian-churches-stand-on-gay-marriage/
   Google Scholar
• McCabe, S. E., Hughes, T. L., Bostwick, W. B., West, B. T., & Boyd, C. J. (2009). Sexual orientation, substance use behaviors and substance dependence in the United States. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 104(8), 1333–1345. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02596.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McConnell, E. A., Birkett, M. A., & Mustanski, B. (2015). Typologies of social support and associations with mental health outcomes among LGBT youth. LGBT Health, 2(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2014.0051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mereish, E. H., & Bradford, J. B. (2014). Intersecting identities and substance use problems: Sexual orientation, gender, race, and lifetime substance use problems. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 75(1), 179–188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2014.75.179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, J., & Hardaway, R. (2017). LGBTQ adolescents of color: Considerations for working with youth and their families. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 21(3), 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2017.1320741
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman, B. S., & Muzzonigro, P. G. (1993). The effects of traditional family values on the coming out process of gay male adolescents. Adolescence, 28(109), 213–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northington, T. (2018). ArtThrust Teen Empowerment Program: Teaching Youth to Fly Against Resistance. Social Work with Groups, 41(1-2), 139–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/01609513.2016.1277499
   Google Scholar
• Owen-Pugh, V., & Baines, L. (2014). Exploring the clinical experiences of novice counsellors working with LGBT clients: Implications for training. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 14(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733145.2013.782055
   Google Scholar
• Parker, C. M., Hirsch, J. S., Philbin, M. M., & Parker, R. G. (2018). The urgent need for research and interventions to address family-based stigma and discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer youth. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 63(4), 383–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.05.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, C. H., Peterson, N. A., Cheng, Y.-J., Dalley, L. M., & Flowers, K. M. (2020). A Systematic Review of Standardized Assessments of Couple and Family Constructs in GLBT Populations. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 16(5), 455–474. https://doi.org/10.1080/1550428X.2019.1709598
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puckett, J. A., Woodward, E. N., Mereish, E. H., & Pantalone, D. W. (2015). Parental rejection following sexual orientation disclosure: Impact on internalized homophobia, social support, and mental health. LGBT Health, 2(3), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2013.0024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhoades, H., Rusow, J. A., Bond, D., Lanteigne, A., Fulginiti, A., & Goldbach, J. T. (2018). Homelessness, mental health and suicidality among LGBTQ youth accessing crisis services. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 49(4), 643–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-018-0780-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, L. M., & Christens, B. D. (2021). Pathways to well-being among LGBT adults: Sociopolitical involvement, family support, outness, and community connectedness with race/ethnicity as a moderator. American Journal of Community Psychology, 67(3-4), 405–418. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12482
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenkrantz, D. E., Rostosky, S. S., Toland, M. D., & Dueber, D. M. (2020). Cognitive-affective and religious values associated with parental acceptance of an LGBT child. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 7(1), 55–65. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000355
   Google Scholar
• Russel, S. T., & Fish, J. N. (2016). Mental health in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 12(1), 465–487. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093153
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ryan, C., Russell, S. T., Huebner, D., Diaz, R., & Sanchez, J. (2010). Family acceptance in adolescence and the health of LGBT young adults. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing: Official Publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc, 23(4), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6171.2010.00246.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sadika, B., Wiebe, E., Morrison, M. A., & Morrison, T. G. (2020). Intersectional Microaggressions and Social Support for LGBTQ Persons of Color: A Systematic Review of the Canadian-Based Empirical Literature. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 16(2), 111–147. https://doi.org/10.1080/1550428X.2020.1724125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitz, R. M., Robinson, B. A., Tabler, J., Welch, B., & Rafaqut, S. (2019). LGBTQ + Latino/a young people’s interpretations of stigma and mental health: An intersectional minority stress perspective. Society and Mental Health, 10(2), 163–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869319847248
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz, R. C. (1995). Internal Family Systems Therapy. The Guildford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Severson, N., Muñoz-Laboy, M., & Kaufman, R. (2014). ‘At times, I feel like I’m sinning’: The paradoxical role of non-lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-affirming religion in the lives of behaviourally-bisexual Latino men. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 16(2), 136–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2013.843722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel, K., Schrimshaw, E. W., & Karus, D. (2004). Racial disparities in sexual risk behaviors and drug use among older gay/bisexual and heterosexual men living with HIV/AIDS. Journal of the National Medical Association, 96(2), 215–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snapp, S. D., Watson, R. J., Russell, S. T., Diaz, R. M., & Ryan, C. (2015). Social support networks for LGBT young adults: Low cost strategies for positive adjustment. Family Relations, 64(3), 420–430. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele, L. S., Daley, A., Curling, D., Gibson, M. F., Green, D. C., Williams, C. C., & Ross, L. E. (2017). LGBT identity, untreated depression, and unmet need for mental health services by sexual minority women and trans-identified people. Journal of Women’s Health (2002), 26(2), 116–127. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2015.5677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subhrajit, C. (2014). Problems faced by LGBT people in the mainstream society: Some recommendations. International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(5), 317–331.
   Google Scholar
• VanderWaal, C. J., Sedlacek, D., & Lane, L. (2017). The impact of family rejection or acceptance among LGBT + millennials in the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Social Work & Christianity, 44(1), 72–95.
   Google Scholar
• Ward, D. J. (2011). The lived experience of spiritual abuse. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 14(9), 899–915. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2010.536206
   Google Scholar
• Weber-Gilmore, G., Rose, S., & Rubenstein, R. (2012). The impact of internalized homophobia on outness for lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. The Professional Counselor, 1(3), 163–175. https://doi.org/10.15241/gwv.1.3.163
   Google Scholar
• Wood, A. W., & Conley, A. H. (2014). Loss of religious or spiritual identities among the LGBT population. Counseling and Values, 59(1), 95–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2014.00044.x
   Google Scholar
• Worthen, M. G. F., Lingiardi, V., & Caristo, C. (2017). The roles of politics, feminism, and religion in attitudes toward LGBT individuals: A cross-cultural study of college students in the USA, Italy, and Spain. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 14(3), 241–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-016-0244-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarns, B. C., Abrams, J. M., Meeks, T. W., & Sewell, D. D. (2016). The mental health of older LGBT adults. Current Psychiatry Reports, 18(6), 60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0697-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yolaç, E., & Meriç, M. (2020). Internalized homophobia and depression levels in LGBT individuals. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(1), 304–310. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar