425
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The New Malaysian Nationalism: Infirm Beginnings, Crashing Finale

Pages 131-147 | Published online: 27 May 2010

References

  • This is a revised version of a paper presented at the
  • 1999 . KITLV (Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology) International Workshop on South-East Asian Studies . Nationalism and Particularism in Present-Day South-East Asia . December 13-16 1999 , Leiden, The Netherlands.
  • Weiner , Myron . 1987 . “ 'Empirical Democratic Theory' ” . In Competitive Elections in Developing Countries , Edited by: Weiner , Myron and Ozbudun , Ergun . 3 – 34 . Durham : Duke University Press .
  • Furnivall , J.S. 1956 . Colonial Policy and Practice: A Comparative Study of Burma and Netherlands India , New York : New York University Press .
  • Strauch , Judith . 1981 . 'Multiple Ethnicities in Malaysia: The Shifting Relevance of Alternative Chinese Categories' . Modem Asian Studies , 15 ( 2 ) : 241
  • Tarling , Nicholas . 1998 . Nations and States in Southeast Asia , 17 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Taylor , Charles . 1998 . “ 'Nationalism and Modernity' ” . In The State of the Nation: Ernest Gellner and the Theory of Nationalism , Edited by: Hall , John A. 201 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Gellner , Ernest . 1983 . Nations and Nationalism , 7 Ithaca : Cornell University Press .
  • Ibid., p. 2.
  • O'Leary , Brendan . “ 'Ernest Gellner's Diagnoses of Nationalism: A Critical Overview, or, What is Living and What is Dead in Ernest Gellner's Philosophy of Nationalism?' ” . In The State of the Nation Edited by: Hall . 76 – 7 .
  • Taylor . 'Nationalism and Modernity' . 192 – 5 .
  • He writes, 'Nationalism is modern, because it is a typically modern way of responding to the threat represented by the advance wave of modernization' (p. 207).
  • Smith , Anthony D. 1986 . The Ethnic Origins of Nations , Oxford : Basil Blackwell .
  • Huntington , Samuel P. 1996 . The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order , New York : Simon and Schuster .
  • Gellner . Nations and Nationalism , 59
  • Nairn , Tom . “ 'The Curse of Rurality: Limits of Modernization Theory' ” . In The State of the Nation Edited by: Hall . 109 – 20 .
  • Anderson , Benedict . 1998 . The Spectre of Comparisons: Nationalism, Southeast Asia, and the World , 59 London : Verso .
  • O'Leary . 'Ernest Gellner's Diagnoses of Nationalism' . 52
  • Gellner , Ernest . 1965 . Thought and Change , 171 London : University of Chicago Press .
  • Horowitz , Donald L. 1985 . Ethnic Groups in Conflict , 213 Berkeley : University of California Press .
  • Nairn . 'The Curse of Rurality' . 108 110 124
  • Stepan , Alfred and Hall . “ 'Modern Multinational Democracies: Transcending a Gellnerian Oxymoron' ” . In The State of the Nation 232
  • Brubaker , Rogers . “ 'Myths and Misconceptions in the Study of Nationalism' ” . In The State of the Nation Edited by: Hall . 289
  • Lijphart , Arend . 1977 . Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration , New Haven : Yale University Press .
  • Rabushka , Alvin and Shepsle , Kenneth . 1972 . Politics in Plural Societies: A Theory of Democratic Instability , Columbus : Charles E. Merrill .
  • Mouzelis , Nicos . “ 'Definitional and Methodological Issues' ” . In The State of the Nation Edited by: Hall . 163 – 4 .
  • Gullick , J.M. 1991 . 'The Role of the Malay Ruler Between 1850 and 1950' . Kajian Malaysia , 9 ( 2 ) : 1 – 23 .
  • 1992 . Rulers and Residents: Influence and Power in the Malay States, 1870-1920 , Singapore : Oxford University Press .
  • Johan , Khasnor . 1984 . The Emergence of the Modern Malay Administrative Elite , Singapore : Oxford University Press .
  • Trocki , Carl A. 1979 . Prince of Pirates: The Temenggongs and the Development of Johor and Singapore, 1784-1885 , Singapore : Singapore University Press . Chapters 5-6
  • Roff , W.R. 1974 . The Origins of Malay Nationalism , Kuala Lumpur : University of Malaya .
  • Milner , Anthony . 1995 . The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya; Contesting Nationalism and the Expansion of the Public Sphere , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Allen , James de V. 1967 . The Malayan Union , Southeast Asia Studies Monograph Series No. 10 Yale University New Haven .
  • Lau , Albert . 1991 . The Malayan Union Controversy, 1942-48 , Singapore : Oxford University Press .
  • Stubbs , Richard . 1989 . Hearts and Minds in Guerrilla Warfare: The Malayan Emergency, 1948-60 , Singapore : Oxford University Press . The best account is perhaps
  • Means , Gordon P. 1976 . Malaysian Politics , second ed. , 124 London : Hodder and Stoughton .
  • Case , William . 1996 . Elites and Regimes in Malaysia: Revisiting a Consociational Democracy , Victoria : Monash Asia Institute, Clayton .
  • Teik , Khoo Boo . 1995 . Paradoxes of Mahathirism: An Intellectual Biography of Mahathir Mohamed , 18 – 19 . Kuala Lumpur : Oxford University Press .
  • Jesudason , James V. 1989 . Ethnicity and the Economy: The State, Chinese Business, and Multinationals in Malaysia , 65 Singapore : Oxford University Press .
  • Sundaram , Jomo Kwame . 1988 . A Question of Class: Capital, the State, and Uneven Development in Malaya , 254 Manila : Monthly Review Press .
  • Vorys , Karl Vrai . 1975 . Democracy Without Consensus: Communalism and Political Instability in Malaysia , Princeton : Princeton University Press .
  • Mauzy , Diane K. 1983 . Barisan Nasional: Coalition Government in Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur : Marican and Sons .
  • Jesudason, Ethnicity and the Economy, Chapters 5-6.
  • Ibid., p. 12.
  • Shamsul , A.B. 1987 . "The 'Battle Royal' : the UMNO Elections of 1987', in Mohammed Ayoob and Ng Chee Yuen, Southeast Asian Affairs 1988 , 170 – 88 . Singapore : ISEAS .
  • Crouch , Harold . 1992 . “ 'Authoritarian Trends, the UMNO Split and the Limits to State Power', and Khoo Kay Jin, 'The Grand Vision: Mahathir and Modernization' ” . In Fragmented Vision: Culture and Politics in Contemporary Malaysia , Edited by: Kahn , Joel S. and Wah , Francis Loh Kok . 21 – 43 . 44 – 76 . Sydney : Alien & Unwin . respectively
  • Mahathir . 1984 . speech at the Foreign Policy Association' . January 19 1984 , Washington.
  • quoted in Khoo Boo Teik, Paradoxes of Mahathirism, p. 62.
  • Case , William . 1994 . 'The UMNO Party Election in Malaysia' . Asian Survey , 34 ( 10 ) October : 925
  • 1993 . 'Malays Urged to be Part of Global Community' . New Straits Times (hereafter NST) , 4 November : 2
  • and 'Call for More Educational Institutions', ibid., p. 4.
  • 'Dr M, Wife, Share Lunar New Year Joy', NST, 24 January 1993, p. 1.
  • Aguilar , Filomeno V. Jr. 1999 . 'The Triumph of Instrumental Citizenship? Migrations, Identities, and the Nation-State in Southeast Asia' . Asian Studies Review , 23 ( 3 ) September : 318
  • Ibid., p. 319.
  • Milne , R.S. and Mauzy , Diane K. 1999 . Malaysian Politics Under Mahathir , 167 London : Routledge .
  • Case . "Hie UMNO Party Election' . 927
  • Muzaffar , Chandra . 1987 . Islamic Resurgence in Malaysia , Petaling Jaya : Penerbit Fajar Bakti .
  • Though Mahathir sometimes casts himself as an Islamic intellectual, Milne and Mauzy write . Malaysian Politics Under Mahathir , 84
  • that 'he called for a balance between this world and the next… He was not an admirer of the ulama (Islamic scholars), asserting that the decline of Islam was due largely to their arrogant rejection of secular knowledge.'
  • Hiebert , Murray . 1999 . 'Keep the Door Open' . Far Eastern Economic Review (hereafter FEEK) , 162 ( 31 ) 5 August : 21
  • For an excellent overview of Malaysia's foreign policies through the mid-1990s, see
  • Camroux , David . 1994 . 'Looking East'… and Inwards: Internal Factors in Malaysian Foreign Relations During the Mahathir Era, 1981-1994 , Brisbane : Centre for the Study of Australia Asia Relations, Griffith University .
  • Ibrahim , Anwar . 1996 . The Asian Renaissance , Singapore : Times Books International .
  • Jomo , K.S. 1998 . “ 'Malaysia: From Miracle to Debacle' ” . In Tigers in Trouble: Financial Governance, Liberalization, and Crises in East Asia , Edited by: Jomo , K.S. 181 – 97 . London : Zed Books .
  • Case , William . 1999 . 'Politics Beyond Anwar: What's New?' . Asian Journal of Political Science , 7 ( 1 ) June : 1 – 19 .
  • 'They Can Call Me a Pharaoh if They Like', Newsweek, GERAK-net, posted 24 August 1999.
  • Mohamad , Mahathir . 1999 . A New Deal for Asia , 146 Subang Jaya : Pelanduk .
  • Mohamad , Mahathir . 1998 . The Challenges of Turmoil , 33 Subang Jaya : Pelanduk .
  • Elegant , Simon . 1999 . 'Bogeymen Beware' . FEER , 162 ( 26 ) 1 July : 16
  • See William Case, 'The Anwar Trial and its Wider Implications', forthcoming.
  • 1999 . 'Lies: Who is Capitulating' . The Malaysiern , 22 September [email protected]
  • 'Malaysia Chief Criticizes Outsiders' (Associated Press), [email protected], posted 3 May 1999.
  • 'Wan Azizah Has Gone Off the Limit, Says Najib' (Bernama), [email protected], posted 30 April 1999.
  • 'Senators Want I.S.A. Tightened to Deal with Traitors' (Bernama), [email protected], posted 6 May 1999.
  • Straits Times (Singapore), [email protected], posted 5 May 1999.
  • 'Azizah "Cannot Lead Malays: She's Chinese", Says Minister', Straits Times, [email protected], posted 5 May 1999.
  • Alford , Peter . 1999 . 'Mahathir Raspberries West, Media' . The Australian , 19 October : 27
  • Alford , Peter . 1999 . 'Mahathir Does it His Way' . The Australian , 22 October : 38
  • Alford . 'Mahathir Raspberries West' . 27

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.