Health Care in Prisons, Labour and Concentration Camps in Early Soviet Russia, 1918–1921

References

• V. N. Kozlyakov, 'Grazhdane! Teper' vam vsem yasno, kto takie bol' sheviki', Yaroslavskaya starina (Yaroslavl', 1992), pp. 40-43; see also Swain, Origins of the Russian Civil War, pp. 172-173.
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• Rigby , T. H. 1979 . Lenin's Government: Sovnarkom, 1917-1922 , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . passim; Leggett, The Cheka, pp. 191-192; Conroy, In Health and In Sickness: Pharmacy, Pharmacists and the Pharmaceutical Industry in Late Imperial, Early Soviet Russia, pp. 404-407, 422-425
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• Leggett, The Cheka, pp. 123-129, for example.
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• Hutchinson , John F. 1990 . Politics and Public Health in Revolutionary Russia, 1890-1918 , 173 – 195 . Baltimore and London : The Johns Hopkins University Press . For discussion on the relationship of health care specialists and the new Soviet government see
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• Mawdsley , Evan . 1987 . The Russian Civil War , Boston : Allen and Unwin . passim. For a survey of the Civil War see
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• Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Arkhipelag Gulag, 1918-1956, parts III-IV, 1974, p. 20, based on materials in TsGAOR, fond 393, as quoted in Leggett, The Cheka, p. 398.
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• Cited in Legget, The Cheka, p. 178.
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• Ibid.
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• Ibid. p. 360.
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• Leggett, The Cheka, pp. 193-194.
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• Solomon , Peter H. Jr . 1996 . Soviet Criminal Justice Under Stalin , 133 – 134 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . and passim
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• Banerji . Merchants and Markets in Revolutionary Russia, 1917-1930 30
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• describes the Cheka's crackdown on private producers and traders as a veritable war, citing P. G.Sofinov, Ocherki istorii VChK (1917-1922 gg.) (1960), pp. 188-190.
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• Leggett, The Cheka, pp. 240-241.
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• See Banerji, Merchants and Markets …, pp. 33-34, for workers' complaints about the atrophied economy.
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• Friedgut , Theordore H. 1994 . Iuzovka and Revolution , vol. II , 354 – 361 . 369 Princeton : Princeton University Press .
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• Conroy . In Health and In Sickness . 418 – 419 .
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• Banerji, Merchants and Markets …, pp. 16-37, details the drop in productivity and output resulting from government policies and the syphoning off of potential state income through black market conduits, although he does not make explicit the connection between these developments.
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• Pipes , Richard . 1996 . The Unknown Lenin , 41 New Haven and London : Yale University Press .
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• Ibid., pp. 112-113
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• Ibid., pp. 145-146
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• For the negative impact of centralised funding and supply on the pharmaceutical industry during the Civil War see Conroy, In Health and In Sickness, pp. 411-412, 415-417.
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• F. 482, op. 12, d. 2, 1.4. Nationalisation of pharmaceutical firms like Ferrein was in transition at the end of 1918 and beginning of 1919. See Conroy, In Health and In Sickness, pp. 404, 428. Vladimir Karlovich Ferrein and his extended family left Moscow for the Crimea in 1919. Discussions with Wence Wagner, grandson of V. K.Ferrein, Chicago, autumn 1994.
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• Mawdsley, The Russian Civil War, pp. 222-224.
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• Pipes, The Unknown Lenin, pp. 125, 135-136, 142, 174. Correspondence between and statements by Lenin and party leaders reveal expenditures on 100 000 rifles from Germany at 200 marks or 10 gold rubles each; 10 million gold rubles for purchase of German arms, September 1921; a party budget of 40 million gold rubles, February 1922; propaganda, autumn 1922.
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• Conroy , Mary Schaeffer . 1999 . “ 'The Russian Pharmaceutical Industry in the Late Imperial-Early Soviet Period ” . In Politics and Society Under the Bolsheviks , Edited by: McDermott , Kevin and Morison , John . 13 – 36 . Basingstoke and London : Macmillan and New York, st Martin's Press .
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• Conroy . 1998 . 'Pharmacy in Soviet Russia before the Great Patriotic War (1941-45)' . Pharmacy in History , 40 ( 1 ) : 3 – 24 . particularly pp. 24-31. For ongoing problems during the 1930s see
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• Account of Dr Veronique Vasseur working in [ironically] La Sante prison in Paris, in 'A Prison Diary Shames France', Suzanne Daley, International Herald Tribune, 29-30 January 2000, pp. 1 and 5.
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