Justice and Politics in Moscow 1983–1986: The Ambartsumyan Case

References

• 'Spravka o nekotorykh prichinakh i usloviyakh, sposobstvovavshikh razrastaniyu v moskovskoi torgovle prestupnykh posyagatel' stv na sotsialisticheskuyu sobstvennost', vzyatochnichestva, korystnykh zloupotreblenii dolzhnostnym polozheniem v period 1969-1983 godov', July 1986, pp. 2-3. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy.
   Google Scholar
• 'Raport Prokuroru RSFSR, gosudarstvennomu sovetniku yustitsii 2 klassa S. Emel'yanovu', November 1986, p. 3. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• 'Stenogramma ochnoi stavki mezhdu Ambartsumyanom Mkhitarom Adamovichem i Kolomeitsevym Ivanom Nikolaevichem (Moskva, 17 November 1986)', p. 2. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Dolgov , Georgii . 1991 . 'Gnil' . Kriminal , 1 : 38 For example, on the KGB high assessment of Ambartsumyan as a manager see
   Google Scholar
• Ambartsumyan declared: 'I said more to the investigators than what the investigators expected'. B. Kuznetsov, 'Spravka o doprosakh Ambartsumyana v nastoyashchee vremya i o pokaznykh lits, na kotorykh on ssylaetsya', October 1986, p. 1. GARF, Prokuratura, RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• 'Raport zamestitelyu nachal' nika sledstvennoi chasti prokuratury RSFSR, starshemu sovetniku yustitsii V. Oleiniku ot V. Andreeva, sledovatelya sledstvennoi brigady Prokuratury RSFSR', 26 November 1986, p. 2. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Ambartsumyan appealed to Vladimir Oleinik; see ibid, p. 3.
   Google Scholar
• In his testimony, Ambartsumyan insisted on how alcoholism, laziness and lechery were widespread among the nomenklatura. For example, see 'Zayavlenie ot podsledstvennogo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana nachal' niku Sledstvennogo otdela UKGB SSSR po g. Moskve i Moskovskoi oblasti A. V. Trofimuvu, st. sledovatelyu po OVD UKGB po g. Moskve i Moskovskoi oblasti V. I. Bunakovu', 21 June 1983, 2-14. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Holmes , Leslie . 1993 . The End of Communist Power: Anti-Corruption Campaigns and Legitimisation Crisis , Cambridge : Polity Press . If there are many analyses of the approach to corruption, we cannot say the same about the fight against corruption. One of the few scholars, if not the only one, to have studied this question deeply in the ex-communist countries is
   Google Scholar
• One reason for this is that not many studies have concentrated on the role of law enforcement agencies in fighting corruption in Soviet Russia. This could be explained by the fact that a literature existed mainly on the KGB, but it focuses on its activities against the dissidents or its espionage in foreign countries.
   Google Scholar
• Yeltsin , Boris . 1990 . Against the Grain, translated from the Russian by Michael Glenny , 91 London : Jonathan Cape .
   Google Scholar
• 'Zayavlenie ot podsledstvennogo V. K. Roslyakova nachal'niku Sledstvennogo otdela upravleniya KGB po g. Moskve i Moskovskoi oblasti podpolkovniku A. V. Trofimovu', 15 May 1983, p. 4. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• According to Vladimir Oleinik, 'Tezisy. Mysli po povodu polozheniya, v kotorom my okazalis' i perezhivaem na rubezhe 86 g.', Zakonnost' i predvaritel' noe sledstvie, March 1986, pp. 1-3. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 3.
   Google Scholar
• 'Zayavlenie ot podsledstvennogo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana nachal'niku Sledstvennogo otdela UKGB SSSR po g. Moskve i Moskovskoi oblasti A. V. Trofimovu, st. sledovatelyu po OVD UKGB po g. Moskve i Moskovskoi oblasti V. I. Bunakovu', 11 July 1983, p. 1. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• 'Zayavlenie ot podsledstvennogo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana nachal'niku Sledstvennogo otdela UKGB SSSR po g. Moskve i Moskovskoi oblasti A. Trofimovu', 21 June 1983, 2-6. 'V dopolnenie k zayavleniyu ot 21 iyunya 1983', pp. 2-10. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• 1983 . Pravda , 17 April
   Google Scholar
• 1983 . Current Digest of the Soviet Press , XXXV ( 16 ) : 18 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 18.
   Google Scholar
• 'Spravka o sostoyanii rassledovaniya materialov ugolovnogo dela, vydelennogo v otdel'noe proizvodstvo iz dela Glavtorga v otnoshenii dolzhnostnykh lits kontroliruyushchikh, sovetskikh i partiinykh organov', 13 November 1986, 1-2. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• 'Spravka po delu o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy', L. Volk, sledovatel' sledstvennoi brigady prokuratury RSFSR, pp. 1-3. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy.
   Google Scholar
• Reported by Vladimir Oleinik, 'Spravka', 1988, p. 8. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 21.
   Google Scholar
• 'Spravka o sostoyanii rassledovaniya materialov ugolovnogo dela, vydelennogo v otdel'noe proizvodstvo iz dela Glavtorga v otnoshenii dolzhnostnykh lits kontroliruyushchikh, sovetskikh i partiinykh organov', 13 November 1986, p. 1. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 2.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Holmes . The End of Communist Power . 223
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 4.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 6.
   Google Scholar
• Oleinik , Vladimir and Burtsev , Y. 1986 . 'Raport v Prokuratum gosudarstvenomu sovetniku yustitsii 2 klassa S. Emel'yanovu' . 20 October : 1 GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana
   Google Scholar
• Yeltsin . Against the Grain . 91
   Google Scholar
• 1986 . Pravda , 27 February
   Google Scholar
• 1986 . Current Digest of the Soviet Press , XXXVIII ( 9 ) : 4
   Google Scholar
• 'Spravka', 1986-1988, p. 1. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 2.
   Google Scholar
• 'Do i posle prigovora', April 1986, p. 6. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid., p. 6.
   Google Scholar
• Medvedev , Zhores . 1983 . Andropov , 139 – 140 . Oxford : Blackwell . For more information on this affair see
   Google Scholar
• Rekunkov , A. 1986 . 'Po delu Ambartsumyana' . October : 2 GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• 'Spravka o sostoyanii rassledovaniya materialov ugolovnogo dela, vydelennogo v otdel'noe proizvodstvo iz dela Glavtorga v otnoshenii dolzhnostnykh lits kontroliruyushchikh, sovetskikh i partiinykh organov', 13 November 1986, p. 2. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana.
   Google Scholar
• Rekunkov , A. 1986 . 'Po delu Ambartsumyana' . October : 2 GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo Mkhitara A. Ambartsumyana
   Google Scholar
• 1986 . Moscow News , 24 September : 2
   Google Scholar
• Vladimir Oleinik, 'Spravka, Dopolneniya k analizu otdel' nykh yavlenii, obstoyatel' stv, proyavivshikhsya v kontse 1985 goda i v 1986 godu po nastoyashchee vremya', 12 May 1986, p. 6. GARF, Prokuratura RSFSR, ugolovnye dela, delo o vzyatochnichestve v sisteme torgovli g. Moskvy.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar
• Ibid.
   Google Scholar