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The European Legacy
Toward New Paradigms
Volume 5, 2000 - Issue 6
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Original Articles

Cultural Conservatism and the Public Intellectual in Britain, 1930-70

Pages 795-813 | Published online: 01 Jul 2010

References

  • Heyck , Thomas W. 1998 . "Myths and Meanings of Intellectuals in Twentieth-Century British National Identity," . Journal of British Studies , 37 : 111 – 38 .
  • Ignatieff , Michael . 1997 . "The Decline and Fall of the Public Intellectual," . Queen's Quarterly , 104 : 395 – 403 .
  • Collini , Stefan . 1999 . English Pasts: Essays in History and Culture , 317 Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Ibid., 5, 101.
  • Ignatieff , Michael . 1998 . The Warrior's Honor: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience , 167 London : Chatto & Windus .
  • Collini . English Pasts 226
  • Bell , Philip . 1996 . "A Historical Cast of Mind: Some Eminent English Historians and Attitudes to Continental Europe in the Middle of the Twentieth Century," . Journal of European Integration History , 2 : 5 – 19 . The survival of mid-twentieth-century attitudes to Europe in Britain, which in turn stem from Victorian liberalism, has been recognized by
  • Varsori , Antonio . 1998 . "Is Britain Part of Europe? The Myth of British 'Difference'," ” . In Haunted by History , Edited by: Buffet , C. and Heuser , B. 134 – 56 . Providence : Berghahn Books .
  • Butterfield , Herbert . 1944 . The Englishman and his History , 2 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Stapleton , Julia . 1999 . "Resisting the Centre at the Extremes: 'English' Liberalism in the Political Thought of Interwar Britain," . British Journal of Politics and International Relations , 1 : 270 – 92 .
  • Cannadine , David . 1993 . G. M. Trevelyan: A Life in History , 38 – 40 . London : Harper Collins .
  • 1933 . The Times , 14 March : 15b In fact, the leader was fer more critical than sympathetic. Marx dealt in apocalyptic rather than science, Barker wrote, and produced an apocalyptic which--while "appeal[ing] to history, and profess[ing] to be a philosophy of history … neglects entirely the greatest gains of history. It looks to history as a record of class antagonism; it forgets it as a record of administration and legal organisation, seeking steadily and not unsuccessfully to enthrone a sovereign law over human passions."
  • Barker , Ernest . Mein Kampf , Edited by: Murphy , James . London : Hurst and Blackett . review of
  • 1939 . The Observer , 26 March : 4
  • Bryant , A. 22 April 1937 . "Memorandum on the means of combatting left-wing and Communistic propaganda in literature and in the Universities," ” . 22 April , Bryant Papers Box C/41; and Preliminary memorandum for Lord Baldwin," undated, Box C/48
  • Roberts , Andrew . 1995 . Eminent Churchillians , 305 – 6 . London : Phoenix . [1994]
  • Lubenow , W. C. 1998 . The Cambridge Apostles, 1820-1914: Liberalism, Imagination, and Friendship in British Intellectual and Professional Life , 2 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Ringer , Fritz K. 1969 . The Decline of the German Mandarins: The German Academic Community, 1890-1933 , Cambridge , MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Dean , Dennis . 1994 . "The Dilemmas of an Academic Historian in Lloyd George's Government: H. A. L. Fisher at the Board of Education, 1916-1922," . History , 79 : 57 – 81 . The example of H. A. L. Fisher is an obvious case in point. See
  • Butterfield , Herbert . 1968 [1931] . The Whig Interpretation of History , London : Bell .
  • Soffer , R. 1996 . "The Conservative Historical Imagination," . Albion , 28 : 1 – 17 . Butterfield's conservative historiography is perceptively discussed in
  • 1944 . Times Literary Supplement , 8 July : 332
  • Butterfield , Herbert . 1949 . "Official History: Its Pitfalls and Criteria," . Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review of Letters, Philosophy, and Science , 38
  • 1951 . History and Human Relations , 191 London : Collins .
  • Barker , E. 1938 . "The Teaching of Politics" (1936) ” . In The Citizen's Choice , 161 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • 1930 . Church, State, and Study , 266 London : Methuen . On Trevelyan's disdain for the towns, see Cannadine, G. M. Trevelyan, 150; for Barker's see "The Uses of Leisure" (1923), reprinted in
  • Bryant , Arthur . 1969 . "London Pride," ” . In Illustrated London News (ILN), 2 November 1940, in The Lion and the Unicom: A Historian's Testament , 78 London : Collins .
  • Mowl , T. 2000 . Stylistic Cold Wars: Betjeman Versus Pevsner , 53 – 4 . 98 104 – 5 . London : John Murray .
  • Betjeman , John . 1997 . "Some Comments in Wartime," BBC Home Service, 4 July 1940 ” . In John Betjeman: Coming Home , Edited by: Green , Candida Lycett . 108 London : Methuen .
  • Bryant . The Lion and the Unicom 14
  • Bryant . 1937 . "Doomed Treasures," . ILN , 30 October in The Lion and the Unicom, 57
  • 1962 . A Choice for Destiny: Commonwealth and Common Market , London : Collins . A collection of Bryant's Illustrated London News articles on the Common Market written during 1961 and 1962 was published as. Delderfield sent Bryant a financial contribution to an anti-common market campaign. Delderfield to Bryant, 22 February 1970, Bryant Papers, E15.
  • Bryant . 1954 [1954] . The Age of Elegance , London : Reprint Society . chap. 8, "Portrait of the Victors."
  • 1967 . "Lest We Forget," . ILN , 5 August : 223 in The Lion and the Unicorn
  • Bryant . 1939 . "To Find Us in the Way," . ILN , 1 April The Lion and the Unicorn, 65
  • Bryant . 1965 . "The Passing of the Regiments," . ILN , 27 November 10 August 1957; 28 March 1959; 20 August 1968; 25 November 1944; 22 July 1950, in The Lion and the Unicorn, 315
  • Bryant . 1957 . The Turn of the Tide, 1939-1943 , 266 London : Collins .
  • Bryant . 1970 . Nelson , London : Collins .
  • 1971 . The Great Duke: The Invincible General , London : Collins .
  • Roberts . Eminent Churchillians 304 – 55 .
  • Chamberlain , N. 1939 . The Struggle for Peace , London : Hutchinson .
  • Bryant . 1937 . "What Democracy is Not," . Observer , 11 July
  • 1937 . Humanity in Politics , 329 London : Hutchinson .
  • James Lees-Milne to Betjeman, 30 May 1965, Letters, II, 292.
  • Green , Candida Lycett , ed. 1995 . “ Betjeman to the Secretary of the Athenaeum, 3 February 1967 ” . In John Betjeman: Letters, vol. II: 1951-84 , vol. II , 330 London : Methuen .
  • Green , Candida Lycett , ed. 1994 . “ Betjeman to Pryce-Jones, 17 April 1937 ” . In John Betjeman: Letters, vol. I: 1926-51 , vol. I , 171 London : Methuen .
  • Betjeman to Harrod, 25 March 1939, Letters, I, 223-5.
  • John Betjeman, interview with Picture Post, July 1964, quoted in Letters, II, 253.
  • Bergonzi , Bernard . 1959 . "Culture and Mr. Betjeman," . The Twentieth Century , 165 February : 133
  • Birkenhead , Lord , ed. 1973 . "Beside the Seaside," ” . In Collected Poems , London : John Murray . See his poem, 1958;
  • Betjeman , John . 1933 . Ghastly Good Taste: Or a Depressing Story of the Rise and Fall of English Architecture , 13 London : Chapman & Hall .
  • Betjeman . "Coming Home," ” . In Coming Home 140 – 1 .
  • Letters, I, 385.
  • Betjeman to Dr. Francis Carolus Eeles (secretary for the Council for the Care of Churches), 29 August 1946, Letters, I, 397.
  • Letters, I, 366-7.
  • Letters, I, 422-3.
  • 1956 . "There is not a district in England which is not enriched for me by some writer who lived in it: not self-consciously, but because he was part of the place …" ” . In The English Town in the Last Hundred Years , 8 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . Betjeman pressed home the inextricability of these three aspects of England for him in his Rede Lecture at Cambridge in 1956:
  • Betjeman to de la Mare, 1 May 1938, Letters, I, 210.
  • Betjeman . "Sir Henry Newbolt after a Hundred Years," ” . In Coming Home 387 – 91 . Betjeman commented that "Books are, to me, the last link with the beautiful in England"
  • Betjeman . 1999 . "Hawker of Morwenstow," BBC talk, 7 October 1945 ” . In Betjeman's Britain , Edited by: Candida Lycett Green . 74 – 5 . London : The Folio Society .
  • Betjeman . 1945 . "Sabine Baring-Gould," . BBC West Region broadcast as Western Men , 21 September : 164 – 8 . in Coming Home
  • Betjeman . 1950 . "Theo Marzials," . BBC Home Service Broadcast , 24 December
  • Ching , Chau Wah , ed. 1961 . "Edmund Blunden," ” . In Edmund Blunden--Sixty-Five , 231 – 8 . 392 – 3 . University of Hong Kong . contribution to, in Coming Home
  • Betjeman . 1931 . "The Death of Modernism," . Architectural Review , December in Coming Home, 21
  • Betjeman . 1953 . "Lamp-Posts and Landscape," . Light and Lighting , November in Coming Home, 309
  • Betjeman . 1953 . "High Frecklesby," . Punch , 27 May : 246 – 8 . in Coming Home
  • Betjeman . 1958 . Introduction to English Parish Churches 354 Collins in Coming Home
  • Betjeman . 1938 . "How to Look at a Church," . The Listener , 8 September : 80 in Coming Home
  • Betjeman . 1939 . "How to Look at Books," . The Listener , 31 August : 98 – 9 .
  • Powell , E. 1969 . “ Speech to the Royal Society of St. George, 22 April 1961 ” . In Freedom and Reality , Edited by: Wood , J. 256 London : Batsford .
  • Betjeman . "How to Look at a Church," ” . 76
  • Betjeman . 1937 . "Bristol," . BBC talk , 12 April : 88 – 9 . in Betjeman's Britain
  • Betjeman . 1950 . "Highworth, Wiltshire," . BBC talk , 29 September in Betjeman's Britain, 174-5
  • Betjeman . 1961 . "Sheffield," . Daily Telegraph , 3 July in Betjeman's Britain, 223
  • Thompson , E. P. 1978 . "The Peculiarities of the English" (1965) ” . In The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays , London : Merlin Press .
  • Kenny , M. 1995 . The First New Left: British Intellectuals after Stalin , London : Lawrence & Wishart . On the New Left see
  • Kenny , M. 1999 . "Reputations: Edward Palmer (E. P.) Thompson . Political Quarterly , 7 : 319 – 28 .
  • Hughes , Hugh Stuart . 1959 . Consciousness and Society: The Reorientation of European Social Thought, 1890-1930 , London : MacGibbon & Kee . While anti-intellectualism in continental Europe was initially confined to an opposition to positivism and "scientism," nevertheless even in this limited guise it tended to support revolutionary politics, whether of the left--as in the case of Georges Sorel in France--or of the right, for example, Oswald Spengler in Germany

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