University Mental Health Professionals in Puerto Rico: Suicide Experiences, Attitudes, Practices, and Intervention Skills

REFERENCES

• Ajzen , I. and Fishbein , M. 1980 . Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior , Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• American Association of Suicidology. (2006). Youth suicide fact sheet. Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://www.suicidology.org/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=232&name=DLFE-24.pdf (http://www.suicidology.org/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=232&name=DLFE-24.pdf)
   Google Scholar
• Barr, V., Krylowicz, B., Reetz, D., Mistler, B. J., & Rando, R. (2011). The Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors Annual Survey. Retrieved from http://www.aucccd.org/support/aucccd_directors_survey_monograph_2011.pdf (http://www.aucccd.org/support/aucccd_directors_survey_monograph_2011.pdf)
   Google Scholar
• Bolton , J. M. and Robinson , J. 2010 . Population-attributable fractions of Axis I and Axis II mental disorders for suicide attempts: Findings from a representative sample of the adult, noninstitutionalized US population . American Journal of Public Health , 100 ( 12 ) : 2473 – 2480 . doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.192252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botega , N. J. , Silva , S. V. , Reginato , D. G. , Rapeli , C. B. , Cais , C. , Mauro , M. and Cecconi , J. P. 2007 . Maintained attitudinal changes in nursing personnel after a brief training on suicide prevention . Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior , 37 ( 2 ) : 145 – 153 . …
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brådvik , L. , Mattisson , C. , Bogren , M. and Nettelbladt , P. 2010 . Mental disorders in suicide and undetermined death in the Lundby study. The contribution of severe depression and alcohol dependence . Archives of Suicide Research , 14 : 266 – 275 . doi:10.1080/13811118.2010.494146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , M. M. and Range , L. M. 2005 . Responding to suicidal calls: Does trait anxiety hinder or help? . Death Studies , 29 : 207 – 216 . doi:10.1080/07481180590916344
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunero , S. , Smith , J. , Bates , E. and Fairbrother , G. 2008 . Health professionals' attitudes towards suicide prevention initiatives . Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing , 15 : 588 – 594 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009, Summer). Suicide. Facts at a glance. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/suicide-datasheet-a.pdf (http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/suicide-datasheet-a.pdf)
   Google Scholar
• Colón-Collazo , J. O. 2008 . Espiritualidad en la clínica: Un estudio sobre la presencia y manejo de temas espirituales en la práctica de la psicología en Puerto Rico [Spirituality in the clinic: A study about the presence and handling of spiritual topics in the practice of psychology in Puerto Rico] (Doctoral dissertation) , Available in ProQuest (UMI No. 3314530) .
   Google Scholar
• Consejo de Educación de Puerto Rico. (2011). Informe estadístico de las instituciones de educación superior de Puerto Rico [Statistics Report of Institutions of Higher Learning in Puerto Rico]. Retrieved from http://www.ce.pr.gov/ (http://www.ce.pr.gov/)
   Google Scholar
• Conner , K. R. , Duberstein , P. R. , Conwell , Y. , Seidlitz , L. and Caine , E. D. 2001 . Psychological vulnerability to completed suicide: A review of empirical studies . Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior , 31 ( 4 ) : 367 – 385 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cordero-Vega , L. 2011 . El uso y la importancia de las competencias de espiritualidad en el consejero y la consejera profesional en Puerto Rico [Use and importance of spiritual competencies for the profesional counselor in Puerto Rico] (Doctoral dissertation) , Available in ProQuest (UMI No. 3482759) .
   Google Scholar
• Demirkiran , F. and Eskin , M. 2006 . Therapeutic and nontherapeutic reactions in a group of nurses and doctors in Turkey to patients who have attempted suicide . Social Behavior and Personality , 34 ( 8 ) : 891 – 906 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drum , D. J. , Brownson , C. , Denmark , A. D. and Smith , S. E. 2009 . New data on the nature of suicidal crisis in college students: Shifting the paradigm . Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 40 ( 3 ) : 213 – 222 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly , A. H. and Chaiken , S. 1998 . “ Attitude structure and function ” . In The handbook of social psychology , Edited by: Gilbert , G. , Fiske , S. and Lindzey , G. Vol. 1 , 269 – 322 . New York , NY : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Eiser , A. 2011 . The crisis on campus . Monitor on Psychology , 42 ( 8 ) : 18
   Google Scholar
• Fenwick , C. D. , Vassilas , C. A. , Carter , H. and Sayeed Haque , M. 2004 . Training health professionals in the recognition, assessment and management of suicide risk . International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice , 8 : 117 – 121 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Retrieved from http://people.umass.edu/aizen/f&a1975.html (http://people.umass.edu/aizen/f&a1975.html)
   Google Scholar
• Flores-Rivera , J. L. 2011 . Análisis comparativo de los resultados del estudio CORE-CRUSADA sobre los estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios entre los años 2007 y 2010 en la Universidad de Puerto Rico , Recinto de Río Piedras [Comparative analysis of the results of the CORE-CRUSADA study on life styles of college students between 2007 and 2010 at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus] (Unpublished report) .
   Google Scholar
• Francis , P. 2003 . Developing ethical institutional policies and procedures for working with suicidal students on a college campus . Journal of College Counseling , 6 ( 2 ) : 114 – 123 .
   Google Scholar
• Furr , S. R. , McConnell , G. N. , Westefeld , J. S. and Jenkins , J. M. 2001 . Suicide and depression among college students: A decade later . Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 32 : 97 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsmith , S. K. , Pellmar , T. C. , Kleinman , A. M. and Bunney , W. E. , eds. 2002 . Reducing suicide. A national imperative , Washington , DC : The National Academies Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gould , M. S. and Kramer , R. A. 2001 . Youth suicide prevention . Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior , 31 : 6 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granello , D. H. and Granello , P. F. 2007 . Suicide: An essential guide for helping professionals and educators , Boston , MA : Pearson Education Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Gross, N., & Simmons, S. (2009). The religiosity of American college and university professors. Sociology of Religion, 70(2), 101–129. doi:10.1093/socrel/srp026. Retrieved from http://socrel.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2009/01/01/socrel.srp026.full.pdf+html (http://socrel.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2009/01/01/socrel.srp026.full.pdf+html)
   Google Scholar
• Gustafsson , L. and Jacobsson , L. 2000 . On mental disorder and somatic disease in suicide: A psychological autopsy study of 100 suicides in northern Sweden . Nordic Journal of Psychiatry , 54 ( 6 ) : 383 – 395 . doi:10.1080/080394800750061360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herron , J. , Ticehurst , H. , Appleby , L. , Perry , A. and Cordingley , L. 2001 . Attitudes toward suicide prevention in front-line health staff . Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior , 31 ( 3 ) : 342 – 347 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hess , E. A. , Becker , M. A. , Pituch , K. E. and Saathoff , A. K. 2011 . Mood states as predictors of characteristics and precipitants of suicidality among college students . Journal of College Student Psychotherapy , 25 ( 2 ) : 145 – 155 . doi:10.1080/87568225.2011.556955
   Google Scholar
• Kaplowitz , M. , Hadlock , T. and Levine , R. 2004 . A comparison of Web and mail survey response rates . Public Opinion Quarterly , 68 ( 1 ) : 94 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawanishi , C. , Sato , R. , Yamada , T. , Ikeda , H. , Suda , A. and Hirayasu , Y. 2006 . Knowledge and attitudes of nurses, nursing students and psychiatric social workers concerning current suicide-related issues in Japan . Primary Care Mental Health , 4 : 285 – 292 .
   Google Scholar
• Kodaka , M. , Poštuvan , V. , Inagaki , M. and Yamada , M. 2011 . A systematic review of scales that measure attitudes toward suicide . International Journal of Social Psychiatry , 57 ( 4 ) July : 338 – 361 . doi:10.1177/0020764009357399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutcher , S. and Chehil , S. 2007 . Suicide risk management: A manual for health professionals , Malden , MA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Mann, J. J., Apter, A., Bertolote, J., Beautrais, A., Currier, D., Hass, A., … Hendin, H. (2005). Suicide prevention strategies: A systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Association, 294(16), 2064–2074. doi:10.1001/jama.294.16.2064. Retrieved from http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?volume=294&issue=16&page=2064 (http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?volume=294&issue=16&page=2064)
   Google Scholar
• Mazza , J. J. and Reynolds , W. M. 2001 . An investigation of psychopathology in nonreferred suicidal and nonsuicidal adolescents . Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior , 31 : 282 – 302 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mościcki , E. K. 1997 . Identification of suicide risk factors using epidemiologic studies . Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 20 : 499 – 517 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neimeyer , R. A. and Bonnelle , K. 1997 . The Suicide Intervention Response Inventory: A revision and validation . Death Studies , 21 : 59 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neimeyer , R. A. , Fortner , B. and Melby , D. 2001 . Personal and professional factors and suicide intervention skills . Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior , 31 ( 1 ) : 71 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neimeyer , R. A. and Pfeiffer , A. 1994 . “ The ten most common errors of suicide interventionists ” . In Treatment of suicidal people , Edited by: Leenaars , A. A. , Maltsberger , J. T. and Neimeyer , R. A. 207 – 224 . New York , NY : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Nock , M. K. , Hwang , I. , Sampson , N. , Kessler , R. C. , Angermeyer , M. , Beautrais , A. and Williams , D. R. 2009 . Cross-national analysis of the associations among mental disorders and suicidal behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys . PLOS Medicine , 6 ( 8 ) : 1 – 17 . …doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmieri , G. , Forghieri , M. , Ferrari , S. , Pingani , L. , Coppola , P. , Colombini , N. and Neimeyer , R. A. 2008 . Suicide intervention skills in health professionals: A multidisciplinary comparison . Archives of Suicide Research , 12 : 232 – 237 . …doi:10.1080/13811110802101047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes , M. L. May) 2007 . La depresión como factor que incide en el desempeño académico del estudiante universitario [Depression as a factor that hinders the academic performance of the college student] , May) , Puerto Rico : Conference at the First Meeting of Human Behavior Professionals from College Institutions in Puerto Rico. University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus .
   Google Scholar
• Richards , K. and Range , L. M. 2001 . Is training in psychology associated with increased responsiveness to suicidality? . Death Studies , 25 : 265 – 279 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivera Acevedo, M. (2007). Perfil de los profesionales de la conducta humana en instituciones universitarias [Profile of mental health professionals in universities]. Revista Griot, 1(2), 41–57. Retrieved from http://revistagriot.uprrp.edu/archivos/2007121207.pdf (http://revistagriot.uprrp.edu/archivos/2007121207.pdf)
   Google Scholar
• Scheerder , G. , Reynders , A. , Andriessen , K. and Van Audenhove , C. 2010 . Suicide intervention skills and related factors in community and health professionals . Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior , 40 ( 2 ) : 115 – 124 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano-García , I. , Rosa-Rodríguez , Y. and García-Pérez , G. 2005 . Psicología y Política Pública: 20 años después [Psychology and Public Policy: 20 years later] . Revista Puertorriqueña de Psicología , 16 : 159 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Silverman , M. M. 2006 . “ Suicide and suicidal behavior ” . In College mental health practice , Edited by: Grayson , P. A. and Meilman , P. W. 303 – 324 . New York , NY : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Suicide Prevention Resource Center (2004). Promoting mental health and preventing suicide in college and university settings. Retrieved from http://www.sprc.org/sites/sprc.org/files/library/college_sp_whitepaper.pdf (http://www.sprc.org/sites/sprc.org/files/library/college_sp_whitepaper.pdf)
   Google Scholar
• Westefeld , J. S. , Homaifar , B. , Spotts , J. , Furr , S. , Range , L. and Werth , J. L. 2005 . Perceptions concerning college student suicide: Data from four universities . Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior , 35 : 640 – 645 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worchel , D. and Gearing , R. E. 2010 . Suicide assessment and treatment: Empirical and evidence-based practices , New York , NY : Springer Publishing Company .
   Google Scholar
• Young , J. S. , Wiggins-Frame , M. and Cashwell , C. S. 2007 . Spirituality and counselor competence: A national survey of American Counseling Association members . Journal of Counseling & Development , 85 ( 1 ) : 47 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar