20
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Somatoform dissociation, reported abuse and animal defence-like reactions

, , &
Pages 678-686 | Received 31 Oct 2003, Accepted 17 May 2004, Published online: 07 Aug 2009

References

  • Van der Hart O, Van Dijke A, Van Son M JM, Steele K. Somatoform dissociation in traumatized World War I combat soldiers: a neglected clinical heritage. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation 2000; 1: 33–66
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Spinhoven P, Van Dyck R, Van der Hart O, Vanderlinden J. The development and psychometric characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20). Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1996; 184: 688–694
  • Dell P F. Somatoform dissociation and reported trauma in DID and DDNOS. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation. November 8–11, 1997; 130
  • Diettrich A. Posttraumatic stress disorder and associated features as predictors of revictimization and perpetration with samples of adults abused during childhood. University of British Columbia, Vancouver 2003, Disseration
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Spinhoven P, Van Dyck R, Van der Hart O, Vanderlinden J. Degree of somatoform and psychological dissociation in dissociative disorder is correlated with reported trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1998; 11: 711–730
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Van Dyck R, Ter Kuile M M, Mourits M JE, Spinhoven P, Van der Hart O. Evidence for associations among somatoform dissociation, psychological dissociation and reported trauma in patients with chronic pelvic pain. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology 2003; 24: 87–98
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Van Engen A, Kusters I, Van der Hart O. Peritraumatic somatoform and psychological dissociation in relation to recall of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation 2001; 2: 49–68
  • Roelofs K, Keijsers G P, Hoogduin K A, Naring G W, Moene F C. Childhood abuse in patients with conversion disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 2002; 159: 1908–1913
  • Van Duyl M, Nijenhuis E RS. Dissociative symptoms and reported trauma among Ugandan patients with spirit possession disorder. Proceedings of the 18th International Fall Conference of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation. December 2–4. New Orleans 2001; 60–61
  • Waller G, Hamilton K, Elliott P, et al. Somatoform dissociation, psychological dissociation and specific forms of trauma. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation 2000; 1: 81–98
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Vanderlinden J, Spinhoven P. Animal defensive reactions as a model for trauma-induced dissociative reactions. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1998; 11: 243–260
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Spinhoven P, Vanderlinden J, Van Dyck R, Van der Hart O. Somatoform dissociative symptoms as related to animal defensive reactions to predatory threat and injury. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1998; 107: 63–73
  • Fanselow M S, Lester L S. A functional behavioristic approach to aversively motivated behavior: predatory imminence as a determinant of the topography of defensive behavior. Evolution and learning, R C Bolles, M D Beecher. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ 1988; 185–212
  • Davis K L, Panksepp J, Normansell L. The affective neuroscience personality scales. Normative data and implications. Neuro-Psychoanalysis 2003; 5: 57–69
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Van der Hart O, Steele K. The emerging psychobiology of trauma-related dissociation and dissociative disorders. Biological psychiatry, H D'Haenen, J A Den Boer, P Willner. Wiley, London 2002; 1079–1098
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV), 4th edn. American Psychiatric Press, Washington DC 1994
  • Reinders A ATS, Nijenhuis E RS, Paans A MJ, Korf J, Willemsen A TM, den Boer J A. One brain, two selves. Neuroimage 2003; 20: 2119–2125
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Quak J, Reinders S, Korf J, Vos H, Marinkelle A B. Identity-dependent processing of traumatic memories in dissociative identity disorder: converging regional blood flow, physiological and psychological evidence. Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Traumatic Stress: Psychotraumatology, Clinical Practice, and Human Rights, IstanbulTurkey, June 5–8, 1999; 23
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Van der Hart O, Kruger K. The psychometric characteristics of the Traumatic Experiences Questionnaire (TEC): first findings among psychiatric outpatients. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy 2002; 9: 200–210
  • Goodman L A, Corcoran C, Turner K, Yuan N, Green B. Assessing traumatic event exposure. General issues and preliminary findings for the Sressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1998; 11: 521–542
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Spinhoven P, Van Dyck R, Van der Hart O, Vanderlinden J. Psychometric characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire: a replication study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 1998; 67: 17–23
  • Sar V, Kundakci T, Kiziltan E, Bakim B, Bozkurt O. Differentiating dissociative disorders from other diagnostic groups through somatoform dissociation in Turkey. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation 2000; 1: 67–80
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Van Dyck R, et al. Somatoform dissociation discriminates among diagnostic categories over and above general psychopathology. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 33: 512–520
  • Nijenhuis E RS. Somatoform dissociation: Phenomena measurement theoretical issues. Norton, New York 2004
  • Bernstein E, Putnam F W. Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous Mental Disease 1986; 102: 280–286
  • Carlier I VE, Van Uchelen J J, Lamberts R D, Gersons B PR. Een korte screeningstest voor de diagnose posttraumatische stress-stoornis [A brief screening test for posttraumatic stress-disorder]. Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie 1996; 8: 624–629
  • Tabachnick B G, Fidell L S. Using multivariate statistics, 2nd edn. Harper Collins, New York 1989
  • SPSS Inc. Statistical package for the social sciences for Windows Release 9.0. SPSS, Chicago 1998
  • Carlson E B, Armstrong J, Loewenstein R, Roth D. Relationships between traumatic experiences and symptoms of posttraumatic stress, dissociation, and amnesia. Trauma, memory, and dissociation, J D Bremner, C R Marmar. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC 1998; 205–227
  • Putnam F W. Dissociation in children and adolescents: a developmental perspective. Guilford, New York 1997
  • Nash M R, Hulsey T L, Sexton M C, Harralson T L, Lambert W. Long-term sequelae of childhood sexual abuse. Perceived family environment, psychopathology, and dissociation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1993; 61: 276–283
  • Draijer N, Langeland W. Childhood trauma and perceived parental dysfunction in the etiology of dissociative symptoms in psychiatric inpatients. American Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 156: 379–385
  • Green B L, Goodman L A, et al. Outcomes of single versus multiple trauma exposure in a screening sample. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2000; 13: 271–286
  • Ogawa J R, Sroufe L A, Weinfield N S, Carlson E A, Egeland B. Development and the fragmented self: a longitudinal study of dissociative symptomatology in a normative sample. Development and Psychopathology 1997; 9: 855–879
  • Briere J, Elliott D M. Sexual abuse, family environment, and psychological symptoms: on the validity of statistical control. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1993; 61: 284–288
  • Hacking I. Rewriting the soul: multiple personality and the sciences of memory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ 1995
  • Tillman J G, Nash M R, Lerner P M. Does trauma cause dissociative pathology?. Dissociation: clinical and theoretical perspectives, S J Lynn, J W Rhue. Guilford, New York 1994; 395–415
  • Nijenhuis E RS, Ehling T, Krikke A. Hippocampal volume in florid and recovered cases of DID, DDNOS, and healthy controls: three MRI studies. Proceedings of the 19th International Fall Conference of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation. November 9–12. Baltimore 2002; 43
  • Burgess A W, Hartmann C R, Baker T. Memory representations of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 1995; 33: 9–16
  • Darves-Bornoz J M, Lepine J P, Choquet M, Berger C, Degiovanni A, Gaillard P. Predictive factors of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims. European Psychiatry 1998; 13: 281–287
  • Morgan C A, Hazlett G, Wang S, Richardson E G, Schnurr P, Southwick S M. Symptoms of dissociation in humans experiencing acute, uncontrollable stress: a prospective investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158: 1239–1247
  • Shalev A Y, Peri T, Canetti L, Schreiber S. Predictors of PTSD in injured trauma survivors: a prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 153: 219–225

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.