ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR AND SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN B₂, B₆, AND C AT ELECTROCHEMICALLY PRETREATED GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE

REFERENCES

• Cabaniss , G. E. , Diamantis , A. A. , Rorer , Murphy W. Jr. , Linton , R. W. and Meyer , T. J. 1985 . Electrocatalysis of proton-coupled electron-transfer reactions at glassy carbon electrode . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 107 : 1845 – 1853 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , H. and Coury , L. A. Jr. 1993 . Effects of high-intensity ultrasound on glassy carbon electrodes . Anal. Chem. , 65 : 1552 – 1558 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fagan , D. T. , Hu , I. and Kuwana , T. 1985 . Vacuum heat treatment for activation of glassy carbon electrodes . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 2759 – 2763 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay , P. K. 1989 . A simple procedure for activating a glassy carbon electrode . J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. , 271 ( 1–2 ) : 339 – 343 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowling , R. J. , Packard , R. T. and McCreery , R. L. 1989 . Activation of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite for heterogeneous electron transfer:Relationship between electrochemical performance and carbon microstructure . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 111 : 1217 – 1223 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCreery , R. L. 1991 . “ Carbon Electrodes: Structural Effects on Electron Transfer Kinetics ” . In Electroanalytical Chemistry , 17 Edited by: Bard , A. J. 221 – 374 . New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Engstrom , R. C. 1982 . Electrochemical pretreatment of glassy carbon electrodes . Anal. Chem. , 54 : 2310 – 2314 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engstrom , R. C. and Strasser , V. A. 1984 . Characterization of electrochemically pretreatment glassy carbon electrodes . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 136 – 141 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowers , M. L. and Yenser , B. A. 1991 . Electrochemical behavior of glassy carbon electrodes modified by electrochemical oxidation . Anal. Chim. Acta , 243 : 43 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millan , K. M. , Spurmanis , A. J. and Mikkelsen , S. R. 1992 . Covalent immobilization of DNA onto glassy carbon electrodes . Electroanalysis , 4 : 929 – 932 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noel , M. , Santhanam , R. , Ravikumar , M. K. and Flora , M. F. 1995 . Effect of hydrogen fluoride on the anodic behavior of glassy carbon in aqueous and mixed aqueous solutions . Electroanalysis , 7 : 370 – 375 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beilby , A. L. , Sasaki , T. A. and Stern , H. M. 1995 . Electrochemical pretreatment of carbon electrodes as a function of potential, pH, and time . Anal. Chem. , 67 : 976 – 980 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortega , Barrales P. , Fernández de Córdova , M. L. and Molina , Díaz A. 1998 . Indirect determination of ascorbic acid by solid-phase spectrophotometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 360 : 143 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteve , M. J. , Farre , R. , Frígola , A. and García-Cantabella , J. M. 1998 . Determination of vitamin B6(pyridoxamine, pyridoxol and pyridoxine) in pork meat and pork meat product by liquid chromatography . J. Chromatogr. A , 795 : 383 – 387 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno , P. and Salvadó , V. 2000 . Determination of eigh water-and fat-soluble vitamins in muli-vitamin pharmaceutical formulations by high-performance liquid chromatography . J. Chromatogr. A , 870 : 207 – 215 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Medina , A. , Fernández-de Córdova , M. L. and Molina-Díaz , A. 1999 . Flow injection-solid phase spectrofluorimetric determination of pyridoxine in presence of group B-vitamins . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 363 : 265 – 269 .
   Google Scholar
• Pérez-Ruiz , T. , Martínez-Lozano , C. , Sanz , A. and Tomás , V. 1994 . Photokinetic determination of riboflavin and riboflavin 5' phosphate using flow injection analysis and chemiluminescene detection . Analyst , 119 : 1825 – 1828 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao , T. and Rechnitz , G. A. 1987 . Potentimetric biosensor for riboflavin based on the use of aporiboflarin-binding protein . Anal. Chem. , 59 : 2115 – 2118 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae , Z. , Park , J. , Lee , S. and Chang , H. 1999 . Nickel(II) tetraaza macrocyclemodified electrodes for the electrocatalytic determination of l-ascorbic acid by the flow injection method . J. Electroanal. Chem. , 468 : 85 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen , E. and Tommelstad , T. M. 1984 . Differential pulse polarographic determination of pyridoxine in multivitamin tablets . Anal. Chim. Acta , 162 : 379 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belal , F. 1992 . Simultaneous polarographic determination of ascorbic acid and dipyrone in pharmacentical preparations . Electroanalysis , 4 : 589 – 593 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteve , M. J. , Farré , R. and Frí gola , A. 1995 . Determination of ascorbic acid ina sparagus by differential pulse polarography . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 351 : 804 – 805 .
   Google Scholar
• Cakir , S. , Atayman , I. and Cakir , O. 1997 . Simultaneous square-wave voltammetricdetermination of riboflavin and folic acid in pharmaceutical preparations . Mikrochim. Acta , 124 ( 3/4 ) : 237 – 240 .
   Google Scholar
• Villamil , M. J.F. , Miranda , Ordieres A.J. , Costa , García A. and Tuñón Blanco , P. 1993 . Simultaneous adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of riboflavin and folic acid in multivitamin preparations . Anal.Chim. Acta , 273 : 377 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawamoto , H. 1985 . Anodic and cathodic adsorption stripping analysis of riboflavin . J. Electroanal. Chem. , 186 : 257 – 265 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiu , K. K. and Shi , K. 2000 . Selective determination of vitamin B2 at electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode . Electroanalysis , 12 : 134 – 139 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai , H. and Shiu , K. K. 1996 . Voltammetric studies of electrochemical pretreatment of rotating-disk glassy carbon electrodes in phosphate buffer . J. Electroanal. Chem. , 419 : 7 – 14 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bard , A. J. and Faulkner , L. R. 1980 . Electrochemical Methods 522 New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Ksenzhek , O. S. and Petrova , S. A. 1983 . Electrochemical properties of flavins inaqueous solutions . Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. , 11 : 105 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 2000 . US Pharmacopeia , 24th Vol. 2 , 1448 – 1449-1481 . MD : Rockville .
   Google Scholar