Horseradish Peroxidase Electrode for the Analysis of Clozapine

References

• Kane , J. , Honigfeld , J. , Singer , H. and Meltzer , H. Y. 1988 . Clozapine for the treatment‐resistant schizophrenic: a double‐blind comparison with chlorpromazine . Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , 45 : 789 – 796 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Casey , D. E. 1998 . Effects of clozapine therapy in schizophrenic individuals at risk for tardive dyskinesia . J. Clin. Psychiatry , 59 ( suppl 3 ) : 31 – 37 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Lieberman , J. A. 1998 . Maximizing clozapine therapy: managing side effects . J. Clin. Psychiatry , 59 ( suppl 3 ) : 38 – 43 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Meltzer , H. Y. 1998 . Suicide in schizophrenia: risk factors and clozapine treatment . J. Clin. Psychiatry , 59 ( suppl 3 ) : 15 – 20 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Hasan , N. , Elkawy , M. A. , Elzeany , B. F. and Wagieh , N. 2002 . Stability indicating methods for the determination of clozapine . J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. , 30 : 35 – 47 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Raggi , M. A. , Pucci , V. , Bugamelli , F. and Volterra , V. 2001 . Comparison of three analytical methods for quality control of clozapine tablets . J. AOAC , 84 ( 2 ) : 361 – 367 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kauffmann , J.‐M. , Viré , J.‐C. and Patriarche , G. J. 1979 . Electrochemical oxidation of derivatives of dibenzodiazepin, dibenzothiazepin and dibenzoxazepin . Anal. Letters , 12 : 1217 – 1234 .
   Google Scholar
• Shen , Y. L. , Wu , H. L. , Ko , W. K. and Wu , S. M. 2002 . Simultaneous determination of clozapine, clozapine N‐oxide, N‐desmethylclozapine, risperidone and 9‐hydroxyrisperidone in plasma by HPLC with UV detection . Anal. Chim. Acta , 460 : 201 – 208 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Mosier , K. , Song , J. , Mc Kay , G. , Hubbard , J. W. and Fang , J. 2003 . Determination of clozapine and its metabolites N‐desmethylclozapine and clozapine N‐oxide in dog plasma using HPLC . J. Chromatogr. B , 783 : 377 – 382 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Raggi , M. A. , Bugamelli , F. , Mandrioli , R. , Sabbioni , C. , Volterra , V. and Fanali , S. 2001 . Rapid capillary electrophoretic method for the determination of clozapine and desmethylclozapine in human plasma . J. Chromatogr. A. , 916 : 289 – 296 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Maggs , J. L. , Williams , D. , Pirmohamed , M. and Park , B. K. 1995 . The metabolic formation of reactive intermediates from clozapine, a drug associated with agranulocytosis in man . J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , 275 : 1463 – 1475 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Fischer , V. , Haar , J. A. , Greiner , L. , Lloyd , R. V. and Mason , R. P. 1991 . Possible role of free radical formation in clozapine(clozaril)‐induced agranulocytosis . Mol. Pharmacol. , 40 : 846 [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Uetrecht , J. , Zahid , N. , Tehim , A. , Mim , Fu , J. and Rakhit , S. 1997 . Structural features associated with reactive metabolite formation in clozapine analogues . Chem.‐Biol. Interac. , 104 : 117 – 129 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Liu , Z. C. and Uetrecht , J. P. 1995 . Clozapine is oxidized by activated human neutrophils to a reactive nitrenium ion that irreversibly binds to the cells . J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , 275 : 1476 – l483 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Liegeois , J‐F. , Rogister , F. , Delarge , J. and Pincemail , J. 1995 . Peroxidase‐catalyzed oxidation of different dibenzazepine derivatives . Archiv. Pharmazie , 328 : 109 – 112 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Williams , D. , Pirmohamed , M. , Naisbitt , D. J. , Maggs , J. L. and Park , B. K. 1997 . Neutrophil cytotoxicity of the chemically reactive metabolites of clozapine: possible role in agranulocytosis . J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , 283 : 1375 – 1382 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Seradilla‐Razola , S. , Aktas , E. , Viré , J‐C. and Kauffmann , J‐M. 2000 . Reagentless enzyme electrode based on phenothiazine mediation of horseradish peroxidase for subnanomolar hydrogen peroxide determination . Analyst , 125 : 79 – 85 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Alonso Lomillo , M. A. , Kauffmann , J‐M. and Arcos Martinez , M. J. 2003 . HRP‐based biosensor for monitoring of rifampicin . Biosens. Bioelectron. , 18 : 1165 – 1171 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Uetrecht , J. P. 1992 . Metabolism of clozapine by neutrophils: possible implications for clozapine‐induced agranulocytosis . Drug Safety , 7 : 51 – 56 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Kauffmann , J‐M. , Viré , J‐C. and Patriarche , G. J. 1984 . Tentative correlation between the electrochemical oxidation of neuroleptics and their pharmacological properties . Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. , 12 : 413 – 420 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Hsuanyu , Y. and Dunford , H. B. 1999 . Oxidation of clozapine and ascorbate by myeloperoxidase . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , 368 : 413 – 420 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar