TEMPORAL PATTERN OF LH SECRETION: REGULATION BY MULTIPLE ULTRADIAN OSCILLATORS VERSUS A SINGLE CIRCADIAN OSCILLATOR

REFERENCES

• Touitou Y., Haus E. Biologic Rhythms from Biblical to Modern Times. A Preface. Clinical and Laboratory Medicine. Springer Verlag, Berlin 1992; 1–5
   Google Scholar
• Hastings M. H. The Vertebrate Clock: Localisation, Connection and Entrainment. Physiology and Pharmacology of Biological Rhythms, P. H. Redfern, B. Lemmer. Springer Verlag, Berlin 1997; 1–28
   Google Scholar
• Antoch M. P., Song E. J., Chang A. M., Vitaterna M. H., Ahao Y., Wilsbacher L. D., Sangoram A. M., King D. P., Pinto L. H., Takahashi J. S. Functional Identification of the Mouse Circadian Clock Gene by Transgenic Bac Rescue. Cell 1997; 89(4)655–667
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ralph M. R., Menaker M. A Mutation of the Circadian System in Golden Hamsters. Science 1988; 247: 1225–1227
   Google Scholar
• Beck W., Wuttke W. Diurnal Variation of Plasma Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Prolactin in Boys and Girls from Birth to Puberty. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1980; 50: 635–639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkard S. Time of Day and Level of Processing. Mem. Cogn. 1979; 7: 247–252
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowse H. D., Ringo J. M. Is the Circadian Clock a Meta Oscillator? Evidence from Studies of Ultradian Rhythms in Drosophila. Molecular Genetics of Biological Rhythms, M. W. Young. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1993; 195–220
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin B. Temporal Organization in Cells. Academic Press, London 1963
   Google Scholar
• Shub Y., Ashkenazi I. E., Reinberg A. Differences Between Left and Right Hand Reaction Time Rhythms: Indications of Shifts in Strategic of Human Brain Activity. Cogn. Brain Res. 1997; 6: 141–146
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ticher A., Ashkenazi I. E. Compound Structure of Rodents Activity Rhythms. Physiol. Behav. 1995; 57: 37–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewy H., Naor Z., Ashkenazi I. E. Rhythmicity of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion Expressed In Vitro. Eur. J. Endocrinol 1996; 135: 455–463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewy H., Haus E., Naor Z., Ashkenazi I. E. Multifrequency Time Structure in LH Prolactin and Cortisol Plasma Concentrations. Biological Clocks. Mechanisms and Application, Y. Touitou, 1998; 431–434
   Google Scholar
• Lewy H., Naor Z., Ashkenazi I. E. From Ultradian to Infradian Rhythms: LH Release Patterns In Vitro. Chronobiol. Int. 1999; 16(4)441–450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans W. S., Sollberger M. J., Booth R. A., Rogol A. D., Urban R. J., Carlsen E. C., Johnson M. L., Veldhuis J. D. Contemporary Aspects of Discrete Peak Detection Algorithms. II The Paradigm of the LH Pulse Signal In Women. Endocr. Rev. 1992; 13: 81–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gambacciani M., Liu J. H., Swartz V. S., Tueros V. S., Yen S. S.C., Rasmussen D. D. Intrinsic Pulsatility of Luteinizing Hormone Release from Human Pituitary In Vitro. Neuroendocrinology 1987; 45: 402–406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veldhuis J. D., Irammanesh A., Johnson M. L. Twenty Four Hours Rhythms in Plasma Concentrations of Adenohypophysial Hormones Are Generated by Distinct Amplitude and/or Frequency Modulation of Underlying Pituitary Secretory Bursts. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1990; 71: 1616–1623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Backstrom C. T., McNeilly A. S., Leask R. M., Baired D. T. Pulsatile Secretion of LH, FSH, Prolactin, Estradiol and Progesterone During the Human Menstrual Cycle. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 1982; 17: 29–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Testart J., Frydman R., Roger M. Seasonal Influence of Diurnal Rhythms in the Onset of the Plasma Luteinizing Hormone Surge in Women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1982; 55: 374–377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belchetz P. E., Plant T. M., Nakai Y., Keogh E. G., Knobil E. Hypophysial Responses to Continuous Intermittent Delivery of Hypothalamic Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone. Science 1978; 202: 631–633
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Prins J., Hecquet B. Data Processing in Chronobiology Studies. Biological Rhythms in Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Y. Touitou, E. House, 1992; 90–113
   Google Scholar
• Levine J. E., Duffy M. T. Simultaneous Measurements of LH-Releasing Hormone, LH and FSH Release in Intact and Sort Term Castrate Rats. Endocrinology 1988; 122: 2211–2221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters S. B., Conn P. M. Maintenance of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-Stimulated Luteinizing Hormone Release Despite Desensitization of GnRH-Stimulated Cytosolic Calcium Responses. Endocrinology 1992; 130(4)2091–2100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse A., Tse F. W., Almers W., Hille B. Rhythmic Exocytosis Stimulated by GnRH Induced Calcium Oscillations in Rat Gonadotropes. Science 1993; 260: 82–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse F. W., Tse A., Hille B., Horstmann H., Almers W. Local Ca+2 Release from Internal Stores Controls Exocytosis in Pituitary Gonadotropes. Neuron 1997; 18: 121–132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mcardle C. A., Willars G. B., Fowkers R. C., Nahorski S. R., Davidson J. S. Forrest-Owen, W. Desensitization of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Action in aT3 1 Cells Due to Uncoupling of Inositol Triphosphate Generation and Ca+2 Mobilization. J. Biol. Chem. 1996; 271: 23711–23717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naor Z., Childs G. V. Binding and Activation of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Receptors in Pituitary and Gonadal Axis. Int. Rev. Cytol. 1986; 103: 147–187
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lloyd J. M., Childs G. V. Differential Storage and Release of LH and FSH from Individual Gonadotropes Separated by Centrifugal Elutriation. Endocrinology 1988; 122: 1282–1290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stojilkovic S. S., Kukuljan M., Lida T., Roja E., Catt K. J. Integration of Cytoplasmic Calcium and Membrane Potential Oscillations Maintain Calcium Signaling in Pituitary Gonadotropes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992; 89: 4081–4085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y. X., Rinzel J., Keizer J., Stojilkovic S. S. Calcium Oscillations in Pituitary Gonadotropes: Comparison of Experiments and Theory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1994; 91: 58–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stojilkovic S. S., Reinhart J., Catt K. GnRH Receptors: Structure and Signal Transduction Pathways. Endocr. Rev. 1994; 15: 462–499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greengard P. Phosphorylated Proteins as Physiological Effects. Science 1978; 199: 146–148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanks S. K., Quinn A. M., Hunter T. The Protein Kinase Family: Conserved Features and Deduced Physiology of the Catalytic Domains. Science 1988; 241: 42–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leong D. A., Thorner M. O. A Potential Code of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone-Induced Calcium Ion Responses in the Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion Among Individual Gonadotropes. J. Biol. Chem. 1991; 266: 9016–9022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naor Z. Signal Transduction Mechanisms of Ca+2 Mobilizing Hormones: The Case of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone. Endocr. Rev. 1990; 11(2)326–353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cugini P., Halberg F. Age Associated Rhythms Changes in Hormonal Levels. All University Council of Aging: News Walter Library of Minnesota. 1980; 6: 3
   Google Scholar