References
- Hoegberg L CG, Angelo H R, Christophersen A B, Christensen H R. Effect of ethanol and pH on the adsorption of paracetamol to high surface activated charcoal, in vitro studies. J Toxicol, Clin Toxicol 2002; 40:59–67.
- Andersen A H. Experimental studies on the pharmacology of activated charcoal. I. Adsorption power of charcoal in aqueous solutions. Acta Pharm Toxicol 1946; 2:69–78.
- Holt L E, Holz P D. The black bottle. J Pediatr 1963; 63:306–314., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Piccioni A L. Activated charcoal as an antidote for poisonings. Am J Hosp Pharm 1967; 24:38–39.
- Piccioni A L. Management of acute poisonings with activated charcoal. Am J Hosp Pharm 1971; 28:62–64.
- Cooney D O. Activated Charcoal in Medical Applications. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, 1995.
- Bond G R. The role of activated charcoal and gastric emptying in gastrointestinal decontamination: a state-of-the-art review. Ann Emerg Med 2002; 39:273–286., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Arena J M. Gastric lavage, ipecac, or activated charcoal? JAMA 1970; 212:328.
- Levy G, Soda D M, Lampman T A. Inhibition by ice cream of the antidotal efficacy of activated charcoal. Am J Hosp Pharm 1975; 32:289–291., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Oderda G M. Letter: activated charcoal and ice cream. Am J Hosp Pharm 1975; 32:562., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Eisen T F, Grbcich P A, Lacouture P G, Shannon M W, Woolf A. The adsorption of salicylates by a milk chocolate-charcoal mixture. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20:143–146., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Lamminpää A, Vilska J, Hoppu K. Medical charcoal for a child's poisoning at home: availability and success of administration in Finland. Human Exp Toxicol 1993; 12:29–32.
- Guenthan Skokan E, Junkins E P, Corneli H M, Schunk J E. Taste test: children rate flavoring agents used with activated charcoal. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001; 155:683–686., [CSA]
- Rangan C, North S P, Hamilton R, Ingels M, Clark R F. Treatment of paracetamol ingestion with a superactive charcoal-cola mixture. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 37:55–58., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Cheng M, Robertson W O. Charcoal “flavored” ice cream. Vet Hum Toxicol 1989; 31:332 , (Abstract).
- Teubner D JO. Absence of ice-cream interference with the adsorption of paracetamol onto activated charcoal. Emerg Med 2000; 12:326–328.
- Hoegberg L CG, Angelo H R, Christophersen A B, Christensen H R. The effect of food and ice cream on the adsorption capacity of paracetamol to high surface activated charcoal, in vitro studies. Pharmacol Toxicol 2003; 93:233–237., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Cordonnier J A, Van den Heede M A, Heyndrickx A M. In vitro adsorption of tilidine HCl by activated charcoal. J Toxicol, Clin Toxicol 1986; 24:503–517., [CSA]
- Jones A, Dargan P. Churchill's Pocketbook of Toxicology. London: Churchill Livingstone, 2001:12.
- Christophersen A B, Levin D, Hoegberg L CG, Angelo H R, Kampmann J P. Activated charcoal alone or after gastric lavage: early presenting intoxications with large ingestions, a volunteer study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 53:312–317., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Roberts J R, Gracely E J, Schoffstall J M. Advantage of high-surface-area charcoal for gastrointestinal decontamination in a human paracetamol ingestion model. Acad Emerg Med 1997; 4:167–174., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Altman D G. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. LondonUK: Chapman and Hall, 1991.
- Tsitoura A, Atta-Politou J, Koupparis M A. In vitro adsorption study of fluoxetine onto activated charcoal at gastric and intestinal pH using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. J Toxicol, Clin Toxicol 1997; 35:269–276., [CSA]
- Eisen T F, Lacouture P G, Woolf A. The palatability of a new milk chocolate-charcoal mixture in children. Vet Hum Toxicol 1988; 30:351–352 , (Abstract).
- de Neve R. Antidotal efficacy of activated charcoal in presence of jam, starch and milk. Am J Hosp Pharm 1976; 33:965–966., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Shannon M. Ingestion of toxic substances by children. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:186–191., [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]