By-Side Impurities in Chloronaphthalene Mixtures of the Halowax Series: All 209 Chlorobiphenyls

References

• USEPA. 1983 . Category of substances known as chlorinated naphthalenes proposed determination of significant new uses . Fed. Reg. , 48 : 20668 – 20679 .
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. 1981 . Polichlorinated naphthalenes in the environment (in Polish) . Farm. Pol. , 37 ( 3 ) : 125 – 131 .
   Google Scholar
• Erickson , M.D. 1997 . Analytical Chemistry of PCBs, , 2nd Ed. Boca Raton : Lewis Publishers . ISBN 0-87371-923-9
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. 1998 . Polychlorinated naphthalenes: an environmental update . Environ. Pollut. , 10 ( 1 ) : 77 – 90 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. 1999 . Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Environment: Chemistry, Analysis, Toxicity, Concentrations and Risk Assessment (in Polish) Gdańsk : Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego . ISBN83-86230-52-5
   Google Scholar
• Jakobsson , E. and Asplund , L. 1999 . “ Polychlorinated naphthalenes ” . In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Vol. 3, Part K, New Types of Persistent Halogenated Compounds Edited by: Paasivirta , J. 97 – 126 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. , Kawano , M. , Ueda , M. , Matsuda , M. , Kannan , K. , Giesy , J.P. and Wakimoto , T. 2000 . Composition of chloronaphthalene congeners in technical chloronaphthalene formulations of the Halowax series . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 35A ( 3 ) : 281 – 298 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson , L.W. and Hansen , L.G. , eds. 2001 . PCBs Recent Advances in Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects The University Press of Kentucky . ISBN 0-8131-2226-0
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. 2003 . Chloronaphthalenes as food-chain contaminants: a review . Food Add. Contam. , 21 ( 11 ) : 995 – 1014 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. , Puzyn , T. , Szymanowska , B. , Kawano , M. , Markuszewski , M. , Kaliszan , R. , Skurski , P. and Błażejowski , J. 2001 . Physico-chemical descriptors of chloronaphthalenes and an attempt to select the features explaining their environmental behavior and some toxic effects . Pol. J. Environ. Stud. , 10 ( 4 ) : 217 – 235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. and Szymczyk , K. 2001 . Data on manufacture, use, inventory and disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Poland . Pol. J. Environ. Stud. , 10 ( 3 ) : 189 – 193 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1996 . Council Directive 96/59/EC of 16 September 1996 on the disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls and (PCB/PCT) . Official Journal of the European Communities L243/34 ,
   Google Scholar
• Regionally Based Assessment of Persistent Toxic Substances , Global Report 2003 . United Nations, UNEP-GEF, 2003
   Google Scholar
• Yamashita , N. , Taniyasu , S. , Hanari , N. , Horii , Y. and Falandysz , J. 2003 . Polychlorinated naphthalene contamination of some recently manufactured industrial products and commercial goods in Japan . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 38A ( 9 ) : 1745 – 1759 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horii , Y. , Falandysz , J. , Hanari , N. , Rostkowski , P. , Puzyn , T. , Okada , M. , Amano , K. , Naya , T. , Taniyasu , S. and Yamashita , N. 2004 . Concentrations and fluxes of chloronaphthalenes in sediments from the Lake Kitaura in Japan in recent 15 centuries . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A ( 3 ) : 583 – 605 .
   Google Scholar
• Foster , G.D. , Miller , C.V. , Huff , T.B. and Roberts , E. Jr. 2003 . Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls in transport in two Atlantic coastal plain tributaries and loadings to Chesapeake . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 38A ( 7 ) : 1177 – 1200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kannan , K. , Blankenship , L.A. , Jones , P.D. and Giesy , J.P. 2000 . Toxicity reference values for the toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls to aquatic mammals . Human Ecol. Risk Assessm. , 6 ( 1 ) : 181 – 201 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giesy , J.P. and Kannan , K. 1998 . Dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): implications for risk assessment . Crit. Rev. Toxicol. , 28 ( 6 ) : 511 – 569 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , C. , Fang , C. , Lin , L. , Xia , G. and Qiao , H. 2002 . Disrupting effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on gonadal development and reproductive functions in chickens . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 37A ( 4 ) : 509 – 519 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blankenship , A. , Kannan , K. , Villalobos , S. , Villeneuve , D. , Falandysz , J. , Imagawa , T. , Jakobsson , E. and Giesy , J. 2000 . Relative potencies of Halowax mixtures and individual polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) to induce Ah receptor-mediated responses in the rat hepatoma H4IIE-Luc cell bioassay . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 15 ) : 3153 – 3158 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villeneuve , D.L. , Kannan , K. , Khim , J.S. , Falandysz , J. , Nikiforov , V.A. , Blankenship , A.L. and Giesy , J.P. 2000 . Relative potencies of individual polychlorinated naphthalenes to induce dioxin-like response in fish and mammalian in vitro bioassays . Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 39 ( 3 ) : 273 – 281 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behnish , P.A. , Hosoe , K. and Sakai , S. 2003 . Brominated dioxin-like compounds: in vitro assessment in comparison to classic dioxin-like compounds and other polyaromatic compounds . Environ. Internat. , 29 ( 4 ) : 861 – 677 . [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Falandysz , J. and Puzyn , T. 2004 . Computational prediction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-diethylase (EROD) and luciferase (luc) inducing potency for 75 congeners of chloronaphthalene . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A ( 6 ) : 1505 – 1523 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noma , Y. , Yamamoto , T. and Sakai , S. 2004 . Concentrations and congener composition of polychlorinated naphthalenes, biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans in the Halowax . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 38 ( 6 ) : 1675 – 1680 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballschmiter , K. , Niemczyk , R. , Schäfer , W. and Zoller , W. 1987 . Isomer-specific identification of polychlorinated benzenes (PCBz) and –biphenyls (PCB) in effluents of municipal waste incineration . Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. , 328 ( 5 ) : 583 – 587 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Noma , Y. , Yamamoto , T. , Falandysz , J. , Gutfrańska , A. , Łukaszewicz , E. and Sakai , S. 2004 . By-side impurities in chloronaphthalene mixtures of the Halowax series: all 19 chlorophenols . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A submitted
   Google Scholar
• Noma , Y. , Yamamoto , T. , Falandysz , J. , Łukaszewicz , E. , Gutfrańska , A. and Sakai , S. 2004 . By-side impurities in chloronaphthalene mixtures of the Halowax series: all 12 chlorobenzenes . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A submitted
   Google Scholar
• Noma , Y. , Yamamoto , T. , Falandysz , J. , Świętojańska , A. , Flisak , M. and Sakai , S. 2004 . By-side impurities in chloronaphthalene mixtures of the Halowax series: all 75 chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A to be submitted
   Google Scholar
• Noma , Y. , Yamamoto , T. , Falandysz , J. , Gulkowska , A. , Jęcek , L. and Sakai , S. 2004 . By-side impurities in chloronaphthalene mixtures of the Halowax series: all 135 chlorodibenzofurans . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A to be submitted
   Google Scholar
• Yamashita , N. , Kannan , K. , Imagawa , T. , Miyazaki , A. and Giesy , J.P. 2000 . Concentrations and profiles of polychlorinated naphthalene congeners in eighteen technical polychlorinated biphenyl preparations . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 19 ) : 4236 – 4241 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taniyasu , S. , Kannan , K. , Holoubek , I. , Ansorgova , A. , Horii , Y. , Hanari , N. , Yamashita , N. and Aldous , K.M. 2003 . Iomer-specific analysis of chlorinated biphenyls, naphthalenes and dibenzofurans in Delor: polychlorinated biphenyl preparations from the former Czechoslovakia . Environ. Pollut. , 126 ( 1 ) : 169 – 178 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taniyasu , S. , Falandysz , J. , Świętojańska , A. , Flisak , M. , Horii , Y. , Hanari , N. and Yamashita , N. 2004 . Clophen A 60 composition and content of CBs, CNs, CDFs and CDDs after 2D-HPLC plus HRGC/LRMS and HRGC/HRMS separation and quantification . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A submitted
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz , J. , Taniyasu , S. , Flisak , M. , Świętojańska , A. , Horii , Y. , Hanari , N. and Yamashita , N. 2004 . Highly toxic chlorobiphenyl and by-side impurities content and composition of technical Chlorofen formulation . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 39A submitted
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , J.S. 1974 . Chloracne—A continuing problem . Cutis , 13 : 585 – 591 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olafson , P. and McEntee , K. 1951 . The experimental production of hyperkeratosis (X-disease) by feeding a processed concentrate . Cornel Vet. , 41 : 107 – 109 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shelly , W.B. and Kligman , A.M. 1957 . The experimental production of acne by penta- and hexachloronaphthalenes . A.M.A. Arch. Dermatol. , 75 : 689 – 695 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crow , K.D. 1970 . Chloracne . Trans. St. John's Hosp. Dermatol. Soc. , 56 : 79 – 100 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mitten , M.E. , Dress , K.S. , Krochta , W.G. , Ewald , F.P. and de Witt , B.J. 1970 . “ Chlorocarbons ” . In Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemical Analysis Vol. 9 , 369 – 510 . John Wiley & Sons, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Schulz , D.E. , Petrick , G. and Duinker , J.C. 1989 . Complete characterisation of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in commercial Aroclor and Clophen mixtures by multidimensional gas chromatography—electron captive detection . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 23 : 852 – 859 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanabe , S. , Tatsukawa , R. and Phillips , D.J.H. 1987 . Mussels as bioindicators of PCB pollution: a case study on uptake and release of PCB isomers and congeners in green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis) in Hong Kong coastal waters . Environ. Pollut. , 47 : 41 – 62 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kannan , N. , Schulz-Bull , D.E. , Petrick , G. and Duinker , J.C. 1992 . High resolution PCB analysis of Kanechlor, Phenoclor and Sovol mixtures using multidimensional gas chromatography . Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. , 47 : 201 – 215 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanov , V. and Sandell , E. 1992 . Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyl isomers in Sovol and trichlorodiphenyl formulations by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron capture detection and high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 26 : 2012 – 2017 .
   Google Scholar
• Frame , G. 1997 . A collaborative study of 209 PCB congeners and 6 Aroclors on 20 different HRGC columns. 2. Semi-quantitative Aroclor congener distributions . Fres. J. Anal. Chem. , 357 : 714 – 722 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar