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- 423 Ibid
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- Ibid
- The original meaning of this frequently quoted phrase by Margaret Thatcher and her supporters can be found at: http://phrases.shu.ac.uk/meanings/376000.html (accessed on October 16, 2003)
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- 7 Ibid
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- 9 Ibid
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- Diamond , L. 1993 . “ The Globalization of Democracy ” . In In global Transformation and the Third World , Edited by: Slater , R. , Schutz , B. and Dorr , S. 31 – 69 . Boulder , Colorado : Lynne Reinner Publishers . These values and norms can be found in the following sources:
- Diamond , L. Universal democracy? , op cit
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- Slater , P. and Bennis , W. Democracy is inevitable , op cit
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- Slater , P. 1991 . A Dream Deferred: America’s Discontent and the Search for a New Democratic Ideal , 168 – 190 . Boston : Beacon Press . The inspiration for this list of obstacles comes largely from
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- Slater , P. A Dream Deferred, op cit , 27 – 28 .
- 174 Ibid
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- 455 Ibid
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- 32 – 33 . Ibid
- Sigelman , L. 1972 . Do modern bureaucracies dominate underdeveloped polities? A test of the imbalance thesis. . American Political Science Review , 66 ( 2 ) : 525 – 528 .
- 528 Ibid
- Ralph Braibanti’s work is cited in Heady . Public Administration, op cit 459
- Heady . Public Administration, op cit , 477 – 478 .
- 479 Ibid
- Jreisat , J. 2002 . Comparative Public Administration and Policy , 36 Boulder , CO : Westview Press .
- 35 Ibid
- Donald Rowat’s work is cited in Heady . Public Administration, op cit , 453
- Heady . Public Admin., op cit , 454
- Waldo , D. 1980 . The Enterprise of Public Administration , 82 Novato , California : Chandler and Sharp .
- Jreisat . Comp. Admin. & Policy, op cit , 33
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- 143 Ibid
- 133 Ibid
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- 99 Ibid
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- Ibid
- 43 Ibid
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- Ibid
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- 105 Ibid
- Dwivedi and Henderson . Bur. and the Alternatives in World Pers. , 49 op cit
- Barber , B. 1996 . Jihad vs. McWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism are Reshaping the World , 237 New York : Ballantine Books .
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- These values and norms are discussed in the work of Slater and Bennis and Slater cited above
- Fals Borda , O. and Barndão , C. 1987 . Investigación participativa , 17 – 18 . Montevideo , Uruguay : Instituto de Hombre .
- In this context, I use the concept of self-management to mean any process in which those who are managed are not managed by a manager, or boss, but, rather, they manage themselves in a direct and democratic manner. I do not use the concept in this case to mean a particular organizational mode of economic democracy or socialism, which is the way this concept has been used most frequently in the past. See, for example, F. Iturraspe, Participación, cogestión y autogestión en America Latina (Editorial Nueva Sociedad: Caracas, Venezuela, 1986)
- Weffort , F. 1989 . Democracia y revolución. Cuadernos Políticos , 12 : 9 Cited in (enero-abril)
- 9 – 10 . Ibid
- Barber , B. 1984 . Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age , 237 Berkeley : University of California Press .
- Werlin , Bur. and Dem . Overcoming the Dichotomy , 3 op cit
- Nun , J. 2003 . Democracy: Government of the People or Government of the Politicians , Boulder , Colorado : Rowman and Littlefield .
- 120 Ibid
- Gastil , J. 1993 . Democracy in Small Groups: Participation, Decision-Making and Communication , Philadelphia : New Society Publishers .
- McLagan , P. and Nel. , C. 1995 . The Age of Participation: New Governance for the Workplace and the World , San Francisco : Berrett-Koehler Publishers .
- Pinchot , G. and Pinchot , E. 1993 . The End of Bureaucracy and the Rise of the Intelligent Organization , San Francisco : Berrett-Koehler Publishers .
- Glaser , R. 1992 . Classic Readings in Self-Managing Teamwork , King of Prussia , Pennsylvania : Organization Design and Development . For more information about self-managed teams, see:
- Orsburn , J. , Moran , L. and Musselwhite , E. 1990 . Self-Directed Work Teams: The New American Challenge , Homewood , Illinois : Business One Irwin .
- Harris , R. 2000 . La democratización del Estado y la gestión pública. Reforma y Democracia . Numero , 18 : 214 – 218 .
- Hilliard , V. and Wissink , H. 1999 . “ Alternative administration: southern Africa. ” . In In Bureaucracy and the Alternatives in World Perspective , Edited by: Henderson , K. and Dwivedi , O. 234 London and New York : Macmillan Press and St. Martin’s Press .
- Bornstein , L. 2000 . “ The institutional context ” . In Poverty and Inequality in South Africa , Edited by: May , J. 174 London : Zed Books .
- See the Republic of South Africa’s website at: www.gov.za/structure/gov_overview (http://www.gov.za/structure/gov_overview) (accessed on November 1, 2003)
- See the Republic of South Africa. Presidential Review Commission Report, 1998, at: http://www.gov.za/structure/diagram.htm (accessed November 1, 2003)
- See Republic of South Africa The Batho Pele Handbook, at: http://www.dpsa.gov.za/sdi%20branch/gcis/Batho%20Pele%20Handbook/default.html (accessed on November 1, 2003)
- See the Republic of South Africa. Presidential Review Commission Report, 1998, at: http://www.gov.za/structure/diagram.htm (accessed November 1, 2003)
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- All the quotations in this paragraph are from Presidential Review Commission Report
- See Republic of South Africa. White Paper on Public Service Training and Education, 1997, at: http://www.gov.za/structure/gov_overview.htm#Public (accessed on November 1, 2003).
- Ibid
- See Republic of South Africa. White Paper on Affirmative Action in the Public Service, at: http://www.gov.za/structure/gov_overview.htm#Public (accessed on November 1, 2003)
- Ibid
- From Republic of South Africa. South Africa Yearbook 2002/03. Retrieved from: http://www.gov.za/structure/pubserv.htm (accessed on November 1, 2003)
- Ibid
- See Republic of South Africa. Code of Conduct for Public Service, at http://www.gov.za/structure/gov_overview.htm#Public (accessed on November 1, 2003).
- James , W. and Levy , M. 1998 . Pulse: Passages in Democracy-Building: Assessing South Africa’s Transition 29 Idasa , Cape Town
- See the Republic of South Africa. National Anti-Corruption Initiative, at http://www.gov.za/structure/gov_overview.htm#Public (accessed on November 1, 2003)
- See Republic of South Africa. Towards Ten Years Of Freedom—Progress in the First Decade and Challenges of the Second Decade, at http://www.gov.za/reports/2003/10yrtab.doc (accessed on November 1, 2003).
- See Republic of South Africa. Public Service Anti-Corruption Strategy, Department of Public Service And Administration, January, 2002, at http://www.dpsa.gov.za/AntiCorruption/PSACSfinal1.pdf (accessed on November 1, 2003).
- See Republic of South Africa The Batho Pele Handbook, op cit
- Ibid
- 174 Bornstein
- 177 Ibid
- 191 Ibid
- James and Levy . Pulse, op cit , 100 – 101 .
- See Republic of South Africa. Public Service Anti-Corruption Strategy, Department of Public Service And Administration, January 2002 at: http://www.dpsa.gov.za/SDILearningNetworks/AntiCorruptionRiskManagement/presentations/CCA_Presentation_Portfolio_Comm.pdf (accessed on November 1, 2003).
- Hilliard and Wissink . Alternative Admin., op cit , 235
- Ibid
- Ibid
- 235 – 236 . Ibid