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International Journal of Public Administration Volume 28, 2005 - Issue 5-6
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Original Articles

“I Teach Them Correct Principles and They Govern Themselves”: The Leadership Genius of the Mormon Prophet Abstract

Mark L. McConkie Professor of Public Administration, Graduate School of Public Affairs, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
&
R. Wayne Boss Professor of Business Administration, Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Pages 437-463 | Published online: 07 Feb 2007

References

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  • in press . Ibid., pp. 322–323.
  • in press . Ibid., p. 320.
  • Ford , T. 1854 . History of Illinois From its Commencement as a State in 1818 to 1847 , 359 – 360 . Chicago : S. C. Griggs & Company .
  • in press . See, e.g. Roberts, B.H. History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints. Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book Co., 1950, Vol. 6; pp. 569–574, 579–590, 602–603, 611, 612.
  • Quincy , J. 1883 . Figures of the Past , 376 – 377 . Boston : Roberts Brothers .
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  • in press . Ibid., p. 67.
  • in press . Ibid., p. 87.
  • in press . Ibid., p. 159.
  • in press . Tullidge, E.W. The Life of Joseph the Prophet. New York: Tullidge and Crandall, 1878; Evans, J.H. Joseph Smith An American Prophet. New York: The MacMillan Co., 1933; Widstoe, J.A. Joseph Smith: Seeker after Truth, Prophet of God. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1951; Cannon, G.Q. The Life of Joseph Smith, the Prophet. Salt Lake City: Deseret News Press, 1964; Gibbons, F. Joseph Smith Martyr, Prophet of God. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1977; Bushman, R.L. Joseph Smith and the Beginnings of Mormonism. Urbana, II: University of Illinois Press, 1984.
  • in press . Durham, G.H. Joseph Smith Prophet-Statesman. Salt Lake City: Stevens and Wallis, 1944; Andrus, H. Joseph Smith and World Government. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1958.
  • in press . Turner, O. History of the Pioneer Settlement or Phelps & Gorham Purchase and Morris Reserve. New York: William Alling, 1852; Tucker, P. Origin, Rise, and Progress of Mormonism: Biography of its Founder and History of its Church. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1867.
  • Turner , J.B. 1842 . Mormonism in All Ages: or the Rise, Progress and Causes of Mormonism; with the Biography of its Author and Founder , New York : Platt and Peters .
  • Bennett , J.C. 1842 . The History of the Saints: An Expose of Joe Smith and Mormonism , Boston : Leland & Whiting .
  • in press . Caswell, H. The Prophet of the Nineteenth Century. London: Rivingtons, 1843; Anderson, R. Joseph Smith's New York Reputation Reexamined. Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1990.
  • in press . O'dea, T.F. The Mormons. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 1957; Remini, R.V. Joseph Smith. New York: Lipper/Viking Book, 2002.
  • Hansen , K. 1967 . Quest for Empire: The Political Kingdom of God and the Council of Fifty in Mormon History , Lansing, MI : Michigan State University Press .
  • Brodie , F.M. 1945 . No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith the Mormon Prophet , New York : Alfred A. Knopf .
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  • in press . In the 1840 Census, Chicago counted some 8,000 residents. See: Pierce, B.L., A History of Chicago. Vol. 1, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1937; p. 171; St. Louis had 16, 469 residents, Pittsburgh had 21, 115 and Washington, D.C. 23, 364. Nauvoo and its environs numbered well over 20,000 inhabitants. See Givens, G. In Old Nauvoo: Everyday Life in the City of Joseph. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1990; p. 14.
  • Eyring , H. 2002 . Education for Real Life . Ensign , 32 ( 10 ) : 14
  • Remini , R. 2002 . Joseph Smith , 162 – 173 . New York : Lipper/Viking Book .
  • in press . Remini, Ibid., p. 117.
  • Evans , J.H. 1933 . Joseph Smith, An American Prophet , 11 New York : The MacMillan Co .
  • Jesse , D.C. 1977 . “Howard Coray's Recollections of Joseph Smith,” . BYU Studies , 17 ( 3 (Spring) : 343 – 344 .
  • Taylor , J. 1865 . “ Vastness of the Wisdom and Intelligence of God. ” . In Journal of Discourses, Vol. 10 , 49 – 58 . London : Daniel H. Wells .
  • in press . Evans, Op. Cit., p. 4.
  • in press . See, e.g., Sashkin, M. A Manager's Guide to Participative Management. New York: American Management Association, 1982; Anthony, W.P. Participative Management. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1978; Williams E. Participative Management: Concept, Theory and Implementation. Atlanta, GA: Publishing Service Division, School of Business Administration, Georgia State University, 1976.
  • in press . See, e.g., Likert, R. New Patterns of Management. New York: McGraw Hill, 1961; Likert, R. The Human Organization. New York: McGraw Hill, 1967; Likert, R. & Likert, J. G., New Ways of Managing Conflict. New York: McGraw Hill, 1976.
  • in press . See, e.g., Kanter, R., The Change Masters, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983; Block, P. The Empowered Manager: Positive Political Skills at Work. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1987; Byham. W.C. Zapp! The Lightning of Empowerment. New York: Harmony Books, 1988. Conger, J. A. Leadership: The Art of Empowering Others. Academy of Management Executive, 1989, Vol. 3, pp. 17–24; Vogt, J. F., & Murrell, K. L. Empowerment in Organizations. San Diego: University Associates, 1990.
  • in press . See, e.g., Smith, J. F. Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith. Salt Lake City, UT.: Deseret Book Co., 1938; p. 149.
  • Collins , J. A. 2001 . Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap—and Others Don't , New York : Harper Business .
  • Collins , J. January 2001 . “ Level 5 Leadership: The Triumph of Humility and Fierce Resolve ” . In Harvard Business Review 76
  • in press . Smith, J.F. op.cit., p. 341.
  • Roberts , B. H. 1969 . History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , 492 Salt Lake City : Deseret Book Company .
  • Anderson , W. F. 1881 . “ Reminiscences of John M. Bernhisel ” . In Circa , Salt Lake City, Utah : LDS Church Archives .
  • in press . Ibid., 2, p. 281.
  • Cleland , R. G. and Brooks , J. , eds. 1983 . A Mormon Chronicle: The Diaries of John D. Lee, 1848–1877 , 147 Salt Lake City, UT : University of Utah Press .
  • in press . Roberts., Op. Cit., Vol. 4, p. 541.
  • Golembiewski , R. T. and McConkie , M. L. 1975 . “ The Centrality of Interpersonal Trust in Group Processes ” . In Theories of Group Processes , Edited by: Cooper , C. L. 130 – 185 . John Wiley & Sons .
  • in press . See Roberts, Op. Cit., vol. 1, pp. 259–265.
  • in press . “An Ordinance in Relation to Religious Societies,” March 1, 1841, Nauvoo City Council Proceedings. Salt Lake City, UT: LDS Church Archives.
  • in press . Nauvoo City Council Proceedings, March 15, 1841.
  • in press . “An Ordinance Concerning Vagrants and Disorderly Persons,” Nov. 13, 1841. Nauvoo City Council Proceedings.
  • in press . “An Ordinance to Regulate Taverns and Ordinaries in the City of Nauvoo,” April 9, 1842. Nauvoo City Council Proceedings.
  • in press . “An Ordinance Concerning Marriage,” Feb. 17, 1842. Nauvoo City Council Proceedings.
  • in press . See “An Ordinance Concerning Brothels and Disorderly Characters,” May 14, 1842, and “An Ordinance Concerning Brothels and Disorderly Characters,” Aug. 10, 1844. Nauvoo City Council Proceedings.
  • in press . “An Ordinance Concerning Bathing and Swimming,” Nov. 13, 1844. Nauvoo City Council Proceedings.
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants, Ibid., p. 173 (D&C 88:118).
  • in press . “Of Order and Debate,” January 22, 1842. Nauvoo City Council Proceedings.
  • in press . 1 Cor. 6.
  • in press . Givens, Op. Cit., pp. 101–111.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 5, p. 524.
  • Adams , M. F. 1906 . Joseph Smith, the Prophet . Young Woman's Journal , (17) : 538
  • in press . See, e.g., McConkie, M. L. Remembering Joseph: Personal Recollections of those Who Knew the Prophet Joseph Smith. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 2003.
  • in press . Book of Mormon, Op. Cit., p. 155 (Mosiah 4:10).
  • in press . These tendencies are well described by Max Weber. See Henderson, A. M., Parsons, T., Max Weber: The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. New York: The Free Press, 1947.
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1986, Section 88, verse 118 (italics added).
  • in press . Ibid., Section 107, verse 99; italics added.
  • in press . Ibid., Section 26, verse 2.
  • in press . Evans, Op. Cit., pp. 71–72.
  • in press . Smith, Op. Cit., p. 149; See also Doctrine and Covenants, Section 76, verses 1–10.
  • in press . Young, B. “Discourse by President Brigham Young, June 21st, 1874,” Deseret News, July 1, 1874, Vol. 23, No. 22, Col. 4, pp. 340–341.
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants, Op. Cit., Section 121, Verses 39–44.
  • in press . Smith, Op. Cit., p. 313.
  • in press . Burgess, M. J. McIntire. “Recollections of the Prophet Joseph Smith,” Juvenile Instructor, Jan. 15, 1892, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 66–67.
  • Johnson , E. B. “Joseph Smith, the Prophet,” Young Woman's . Journal 1906 , 17 545
  • Clawson, Hiram , B. 1881 . Hiram B. Clawson . Tullidge's Quarterly Magazine , 1 ( 4 ) : 678
  • Leech , James. 1892 . 152 – 153 .
  • in press . Phippen, J. W. “Joseph Smith, the Prophet,” Young Woman's Journal 1906, 17, 540; Andrus, H. L., Andrus, H. M. They Knew the Prophet. Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft, 1974; p. 86; Baird, A. E., Jackson, V., Was-sell, L. L. [Comp.] (n.d.). “Autobiography of Mosiah Hancock, (1834– 1865)” Typescript, Brigham Young University, Special Collections.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, p. 616.
  • in press . See Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 2, p. 362; Elisabeth Ann Whitney, “A Leaf from an Autobiography,” Women's Exponent, Oct. 1,1878 7, 71 and Nov. 1, 1878, Vol. 1, p. 83.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 4, pp. 3–4.
  • in press . See Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 4, pp. 140–142, 161–164.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 5, pp. 430–460.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, pp. 165–166.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, p. 545.
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants, Ibid., p. 190. (D&C 98:5–10).
  • in press . Smith, Op. Cit., p. 117.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 3, p. 304.
  • in press . Smith, Op. Cit., p. 326.
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants, Op. Cit., pp. 208–209. (D&C 101:77–80).
  • in press . Durham, Op. Cit., p. 25.
  • in press . Durham, Op. Cit., p. 114.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 3, p. 175.
  • in press . Smith, Op. Cit. p. 376.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 5, p. 346.
  • Durant , W. 1950 . The Age of Faith , 188 New York : Simon and Schuster .
  • in press . Givens, Op. Cit., pp. x–xi.
  • in press . Evans, Op. Cit., pp. 56–57.
  • in press . Historians typically look at James Ogelthorpe, who founded the colony (now state) of Georgia; Stephen Austin, founder of the city that bears his name in Texas; William Brewster and William Bradford, who founded the Plymouth colony; and perhaps William Penn, founder of the Pennsylvania Colony, as the premier colonizers in American history. Brigham Young, by way of contrast, organized the trek of nearly 70,000 pioneers, walked them over 1,000 miles, and organized them into communities throughout Utah, Colorado, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Canada, and Mexico.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, p. 466.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 1, p. 443.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit. Vol. 1, p. 444.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, p. 205.
  • in press . Cited in Remini, R. V., Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1991, p. 650.
  • in press . See, e.g., Doctrine and Covenants, ibid., pp. 34–39, 41,153–161, 201–203, 215–221 (D&C 20, 22, 84, 102, 107).
  • in press . See, e.g., Andrus, Op. Cit.; Durham, Op. Cit.; and Melville, J. K. “Joseph Smith, the Constitution, and Individual Liberties,” BYU Studies 1988, 28 (2), 71–74.
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants, 1986, Section 42, verses 3–4
  • in press . Doctrine and Covenants, 1986, Section 107, verses 79–84.
  • in press . See, e.g., Doctrine and Covenants, 1986, Section 93, verses 47–48.
  • in press . See, e.g., Doctrine and Covenants, 1986, Section 134, which, though written by one of Smith's associates, was approved by him and published under his editorship.
  • in press . See, e.g., Carling, A. G. “Ann Green Dutson Carling,” in Carter, K. B. Our Pioneer Heritage 1963; see also, “Harriet Matilda Daniel Johnson,” in Carter, K. B., Our Pioneer Heritage, 1958, Vol. 6, p. 431.
  • in press . See, e.g., Smith, J. F., Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith. Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book Co., 1938, p. 149; Cannon, G. Q., Op. Cit., Vol. 10, p. 89; Doctrine and Covenants, Op. Cit., Section 76, verses 1–10.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 3, pp. 58–86.
  • in press . See, e.g., Remini, Joseph Smith, Op. Cit., pp. 146–150.
  • in press . Henderson and Parsons, Op. Cit., p. 359.
  • Leonard , G. M. and Lyon , T. E. 1979 . 11
  • in press . Givens, Op. Cit., 1990, p. 150.
  • in press . See, e.g., Janis, I. Victims of Groupthink: A Psychological Study of Foreign Policy Decisions and Fiascos. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1972.
  • in press . Quincy, Op. Cit., pp. 396–400.
  • Porras , J. and Collins , J. 1994 . Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies , New York : Harper Business .
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, p. 365.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 1, pp. 10–11.
  • in press . Wilford Woodruff, Conference Report of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, April 6, 1898, p. 57. Salt Lake City: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
  • in press . Brigham Young, “Brigham Young Remarks, 7 Oct 1850, 2 p.m. Session [of Church Conference],” Manuscript # 2, p. 14. Salt Lake City: LDS Church Archives.
  • Angell , T. O. 1967 . “Autobiography,” in Carter, K. B. ” . In Our Pioneer Heritage , 197 Salt Lake City : Daughters of the Utah Pioneers .
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, pp. 197–209.
  • in press . Roberts, Op. Cit., Vol. 6, p. 205.
  • in press . “An Ordinance to Erect a Dam in the Mississippi River,” Nauvoo City Council Proceedings, Dec. 8, 1843.
  • in press . Givens, Op. Cit., p. 147.
  • Madsen, T. 1989 . Joseph Smith the Prophet , 58 Salt Lake City, UT. : Bookcraft .
  • in press . See, e.g, Andrew Jackson Stewart, “Scraps from An Old Timer's Journal,” Archives of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, Utah.
  • in press . For a nice summary of this literature, as well as illustrations of its application, see Whetten, D. A., Cameron, K. S., Developing Management Skills, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2002 (5th ed.), pp. 304– 330.
  • in press . See, e.g., Covey, S. R. Principle-Centered Leadership. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992; and Covey, S. R., The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.

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