Publication Cover
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B
Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes
Volume 39, 2004 - Issue 3
297
Views
41
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Environmental and Potential Health Effects of Growing Leafy Vegetables on Soil Irrigated Using Sewage Sludge and Effluent: A Case of Zn and Cu

, &
Pages 461-471 | Received 08 Dec 2003, Published online: 24 Jun 2011

References

  • Hue , N.V. 1995 . “ Sewage sludge ” . In Soil Amendments and Environmental Quality Edited by: Rechcigl , J.E. Florida : Lewis Publishers .
  • DoE. Code of Practice for the Use of Sewage Sludge , Department of the Environment: UK, 1989
  • Alloway , B.J. 1990 . “ Soil processes and the behavior of heavy metals ” . In Heavy Metals in Soils Edited by: Alloway , B.J. Glasgow : Blackie .
  • Giller , K.E. 1988 . Pollution by toxic metals on agricultural soils . Nature , 335 : 676
  • Nyamangara , J. and Mzezewa , J. 1999 . The effect of long-term sewage sludge application on Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb levels in a clay loam soil under pasture grass in Zimbabwe . Agric. Ecosys. Environ. , 73 : 199 – 204 .
  • Smith , R. 1996 . Agriculture and the Recycling of Sewage Sludge UK : CABS .
  • Staneva , M. 1997 . “ Pollution from industrial effluents ” . In Lake Chivero. A Polluted Lake Edited by: Moyo , N.A.G. Harare : UZ Publications .
  • Nyamangara , J. 1998 . Use of sequential extraction to evaluate Zn and Copper in a soil amended with sewage sludge and inorganic metal salts . Agric. Ecosys. Environ. , 69 : 135 – 141 .
  • Bickhill. Investigating the Impact of Urban Agriculture in Harare, Zimbabwe , IDRC Reports; Article number 239/Science from the Developing World, 1998 .
  • Oloya , T. and Tagwira , F. 1996 . Land disposal of sewage sludge and effluent in Zimbabwe 1 . Zimbabwe J. Agric. Research. , 34 : 11 – 18 .
  • Farr , G. Why Heavy Metals are Hazardous to Your Health 2001. www.becomehealthynow.com/article/productshair/122 (accessed June 2003)
  • WRI. 1999 . “ World resources 1998–1999 ” . In Environmental Change and Human Health World Resources Institute .
  • Varathon , P. 1997 . Fact Sheet, Environmental Health, , Number 1 Vol. 1 , Thailand : Ministry of Public Health .
  • Kabata-Pendias , A. and Adriano , D.C. 1995 . “ Trace metals ” . In Soil Amendments and Environmental Quality Edited by: Rechcigl , J.E. Florida : Lewis Publishers .
  • Chimbari , M. , Madyiwa , S. and Musesengwa , R. 2001 . Pollution Implications of Disposing Wastewater in Pasturelands: A Focus on Heavy Metals . Oct. 2001 , Capetown . In WARFSA/WaterNet Symposium: Intergrated Water Resources Management. Theory, Practice, Cases , pp. 30 – 31 .
  • Bouyoucos , G.J. 1965 . Hydrometer method for making particle size analysis of soils . Agronomy Journal , 54 : 463 – 464 .
  • Nelson , D.W. and Sommers , L.E. 1982 . “ Organic carbon ” . In Methods of Soil Analysis, , Part 2 Edited by: Page , A.L. Madison : American Society of Agronomy .
  • Keeney , D.R. and Nelson , D.W. 1982 . “ Nitrogen-inorganic forms ” . In Methods of Soil Analysis, , Part 2 Edited by: Page , A.L. Madison : American Society of Agronomy .
  • Nyamangara , J. , Mugwira , L.M. and Mpofu , S.E. 2000 . Soil fertility status in communal areas of Zimbabwe in relation to sustainable crop production . J. Sustainable Agric. , 16 : 15 – 29 .
  • Olsen , S.R. and Sommers , L.E. 1982 . “ Phosphorous ” . In Methods of Soil Analysis, , Part 2 Edited by: Page , A.L. Madison : American Society of Agronomy .
  • Lawes Agricultural Trust. 1997 . Rothamsted Experimental Station Genstat
  • AGRITEX. 1983 . Handbook of Horticulture Zimbabwe
  • Saunder , D.H. , Ellis , B.S. and Hall , A. 1957 . Estimation of available N for advisory purposes in Southern Rhodesia . J. Soil Sci. , 8 : 301 – 312 .
  • Baker , E. 1990 . “ Copper ” . In Heavy Metals in Soils Edited by: Alloway , B.J. Glasgow : Blackie .
  • Clevenger , T.E. 1990 . Use of sequential extraction to evaluate heavy metal in mining waste . Water, Air and Soil Pollut. , 50 : 241 – 254 .
  • El-Demerdashe , Dahdoh , M.S.A. and Hassan , F.A. 1995 . Sequential extraction of 9 trace elements from sludge amended soils . Fertilizer Research , 41 : 77 – 85 .
  • Spark , K.M. , Wells , J.D. and Johnson , B.B. 1997 . The interaction of a humic acid with heavy metals . Austr. J. Soil Res. , 35 : 89 – 101 .
  • Alloway , B.J. and Ayres , D.C. 1993 . Chemical Principles of Environmental Pollution Oxford : Blackie Academic and Professional .
  • Madyiwa , S. , Chimbari , M. , Nyamangara , J. and Bangira , C. 2002 . Cumulative effects of sewage sludge and effluent mixture application on soil properties of a sandy soil under a mixture of star grass and kikuyu grasses in Zimbabwe . Physics and Chemistry of the Earth , 27 : 747 – 753 .
  • Vhurumuku , E. 2000 . Measurement of Food Security and Vulnerability in Zimbabwe's Urban Areas Harare , , Zimbabwe : USAID Famine Early Warning Systems Network .
  • Hsu , Y.M. , Hwang , J.M. and Yeh , T.R. 2001 . Inorganic determination for algael spirutina food markted in Taiwan . Journal of Food and Drug Analysis , 9 ( 3 ) : 178 – 182 .
  • Muntean , N. , Romona , L. , Ghitulescu , R. and Muntean , E. Heavy metal content in some food products . Undated article, http://www.date.hu/kiadvany/tessedik/3/muntea1.pdf (accessed June 2003)
  • EMEA. 2002 . “ Note for guidelines on specification limits for residues of metal catalysts ” . In Evaluation of Medicines for Human Use London , , UK

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.