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Separation Science and Technology Volume 35, 2000 - Issue 16
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Original Articles

Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1999)

MARTYN S. RAY SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERIN, CURTIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, GPO BOX U1987, PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, 6845
Pages 2765-2781 | Published online: 15 Feb 2007

Distillation Theory and Design Methods

  • Baur , R. , Higler , A. P. and Taylor , R. 1999 . Comparison of equilibrium stage and nonequilibrium stage models for reactive distillation . Chem. Eng. J. , 76 ( 1 ) : 33 – 48 .
  • Baur , R. , Taylor , R. and Krishna , R. 1999 . Influence of mass transfer in distillation of mixtures with a distillation boundary . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 561 – 565 .
  • Bildea , C. S. and Dimian , A. C. 1999 . Singularity theory approach to ideal binary distillation . AIChE J. , 45 ( 12 ) : 2662 – 2666 .
  • Espinosa , J. , Aguirre , P. and Frey , T. 1999 . Analysis of finishing reactive distillation columns . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 1 ) : 187 – 196 .
  • Ho , C. D. , Yeh , H. M. and Sheu , W. S. 1999 . The influence of recycle on double-pass heat and mass transfer through a parallel-plate device . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , 42 ( 9 ) : 1707 – 1722 .
  • Kim , J. K. and Ju , D. P. 1999 . Shortcut procedure for multicomponent batch distillation with distillate receiver . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 3 ) : 1024 – 1031 . 1176
  • Kreul , L. U. , Gorak , A. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Dynamic rate-based model for multicomponent batch distillation . AIChE J. , 45 ( 9 ) : 1953 – 1962 .
  • Rusche , F. A. 1999 . Gilliland plot revisited . Hydrocarbon Process , 78 ( 2 ) : 79 – 80 .
  • Sorensen , E. 1999 . A cyclic operating policy for batch distillation: Theory and practice . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 4 ) : 533 – 542 .
  • Vogelpohl , A. 1999 . On the relation between ideal and real systems in ternary distillation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 487 – 492 .
  • von Watzdorf , R. , Bausa , J. and Marquardt , W. 1999 . Shortcut methods for nonideal multicomponent distillation: Complex columns . AIChE J. , 45 ( 8 ) : 1615 – 1628 .
  • Yang , N. S. , Xu , Z. P. and Chuang , K. T. 1999 . Determine the number of theoretical plates with commercial simulators . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 8 ) : 109 – 116 .
  • Yu , K. T. , Yuan , X. G. and You , X. Y. 1999 . Computational fluid-dynamics and experimental verification of two-phase two-dimensional flow on a sieve column tray . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 554 – 560 .
  • Zuiderweg , F. J. 1999 . Distillation composition profiles: What do they tell us? . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 475 – 481 .

Distillation Control and Applications

  • Agrawal , R. 1999 . More operable fully thermally coupled distillation column configurations for multicomponent distillation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 543 – 553 .
  • Agrawal , R. and Fidkowski , Z. T. 1999 . New thermally coupled schemes for ternary distillation . AIChE J. , 45 ( 3 ) : 485 – 496 .
  • Agrawal , R. and Fidkowski , Z. T. 1999 . Thermodynamically efficient systems for ternary distillation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 5 ) : 2065 – 2074 .
  • Allgor , R. J. , Evans , L. B. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Screening models for batch process development: Design targets for reaction/distillation networks . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 19 ) : 4145 – 4164 .
  • Arce , A. , Rodil , E. and Soto , A. 1999 . Extractive distillation of 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane plus ethanol using 1-butanol as entrainer: Equilibria and simulation . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 6 ) : 1135 – 1140 .
  • Bagajewicz , M. J. 1999 . Energy savings horizons for the retrofit of chemical processes: Application to crude fractionation units . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 1 ) : 1 – 10 .
  • Bandyopadhyay , S. , Malik , R. K. and Shenoy , U. V. 1999 . Invariant rectifying-stripping curves for targeting minimum energy and feed location in distillation . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 8 ) : 1109 – 1124 .
  • Baudot , A. and Marin , M. 1999 . Improved recovery of an ester flavor compound by pervaporation coupled with a flash condensation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 11 ) : 4458 – 4469 .
  • Bezzo , F. , Bertucco , A. and Forlin , A. 1999 . Steady-state analysis of an industrial reactive distillation column . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 16 ( 3 ) : 251 – 260 .
  • Bildea , C. S. and Dimian , A. C. 1999 . Interaction between design and control of a heat-integrated distillation system with prefractionator . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 597 – 608 .
  • Billingham , J. F. and Lockett , M. J. 1999 . Development of a new generation of structured packings for distillation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 583 – 587 .
  • Blankenship , K. D. , Shah , V. M. and Tsouris , C. 1999 . Distillation under electric fields . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1393 – 1410 .
  • Bonny , L. 1999 . Multicomponent batch distillations: Study of operating parameters . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 12 ) : 4759 – 4768 .
  • Brooks , R. W. , van Walsem , F. D. and Drury , J. 1999 . Choosing cutpoints to optimize product yields . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 11 ) : 53 – 60 .
  • Brownlie , R. 1999 . Short path distillation . Process Eng. (London) , 80 ( 5 ) : 31
  • Caballero , J. A. and Grossmann , I. E. 1999 . Aggregated models for integrated distillation systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 6 ) : 2330 – 2344 .
  • Cheong , W. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Azeotropic distillation in a middle vessel batch column: Model formulation and linear separation boundaries . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1504 – 1530 .
  • Cheong , W. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Azeotropic distillation in a middle vessel batch column: Nonlinear separation boundaries . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1531 – 1548 .
  • Cheong , W. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Azeotropic distillation in a middle vessel batch column: Model validation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1549 – 1564 .
  • Chien , I. L. , Wang , C. J. and Wong , D. S. H. 1999 . Dynamics and control of a heterogeneous azeotropic distillation column: Conventional control approach . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 2 ) : 468 – 478 .
  • Chung , T. W. , Lai , C. H. and Wu , H. 1999 . Analysis of mass transfer performance in an air stripping tower . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 14 ) : 2837 – 2852 .
  • Darton , R. C. and Sun , K. H. 1999 . The effect of surfactant on foam and froth properties . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 535 – 542 .
  • Di , W. , Zhicai , Y. and Ronglan , Z. 1999 . Evolution of pinch-point zones in multicomponent distillation columns: Stripping section . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 5 ) : 2151 – 2155 .
  • Dunnebier , G. and Pantelides , C. C. 1999 . Optimal design of thermally coupled distillation columns . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 1 ) : 162 – 176 .
  • Ellenberger , J. and Krishna , R. 1999 . Counter-current operation of structured catalytically packed distillation columns: Pressure drop, holdup and mixing . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1339 – 1345 .
  • Espinosa , J. and Salomone , E. 1999 . Minimum reflux for batch distillations of ideal and nonideal mixtures at constant reflux . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res , 38 ( 7 ) : 2732 – 2746 .
  • Fikar , M. , Latifi , M. A. and Creff , Y. 1999 . Optimal changeover profiles for an industrial depropanizer . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 13 ) : 2715 – 2720 .
  • Frey , T. and Stichlmair , J. 1999 . Reactive azeotropes in kinetically controlled reactive distillation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 613 – 618 .
  • Furlonge , H. I. , Pantelides , C. C. and Sorensen , E. 1999 . Optimal operation of multivessel batch distillation columns . AIChE J. , 45 ( 4 ) : 781 – 801 .
  • Giessler , S. , Danilov , R. Y. and Pisarenko , R. Y. 1999 . Feasible separation modes for various reactive distillation systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 4060 – 4067 .
  • Guttinger , T. E. and Morari , M. 1999 . Predicting multiple steady states in equilibrium reactive distillation: Analysis of nonhybrid systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1633 – 1648 .
  • Guttinger , T. E. and Morari , M. 1999 . Predicting multiple steady states in equilibrium reactive distillation: Analysis of hybrid systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1649 – 1665 .
  • Han , M. and Park , S. 1999 . Startup of distillation columns using profile position control based on a nonlinear wave model . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1565 – 1574 .
  • Hanika , J. , Kolena , J. and Smejkal , Q. 1999 . Butylacetate via reactive distillation: Modelling and experiment . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 21 ) : 5205 – 5210 .
  • Hanson , D. W. , Lieberman , N. P. and Lieberman , E. T. 1999 . De-entrainment and washing of flashzone vapors in heavy oil fractionators . Hydrocarbon Process , 78 ( 7 ) : 55 – 60 .
  • Hapoglu , H. , Karacan , S. and Cabbar , Y. 1999 . Application of multivariable generalized predictive control to a packed distillation column . Chem. Eng. Commun. , 174 : 61 – 84 .
  • Hasebe , S. , Noda , M. and Hashimoto , I. 1999 . Optimal operation policy for total reflux and multi-effect batch distillation systems . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 4 ) : 523 – 532 .
  • Hernandez , S. and Jimenez , A. 1999 . Controllability analysis of thermally coupled distillation systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 3957 – 3963 .
  • Hewitt , G. , Quarini , J. and Morrell , M. 1999 . More efficient distillation . Chem. Eng. (Rugby, Engl.) , 21 ( October ) : 16 – 18 .
  • Higler , A. P. , Taylor , R. and Krishna , R. 1999 . Nonequilibrium modelling of reactive distillation: Multiple steady states in MTBE synthesis . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1389 – 1395 .
  • Higler , A. P. , Taylor , R. and Krishna , R. 1999 . The influence of mass transfer and mixing on the performance of a tray column for reactive distillation . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 13 ) : 2873 – 2882 .
  • Ismail , S. R. , Pistikopoulos , E. N. and Papalexandri , K. P. 1999 . Modular representation synthesis framework for homogeneous azeotropic separation . AIChE J. , 45 ( 8 ) : 1701 – 1720 .
  • Jones , W. E. , Vais , A. M. and Wilson , J. A. 1999 . Getting the maximum benefit from a side-reboiler . Chem. Eng. Commun. , 171 : 195 – 209 .
  • Kenig , E. Y. , Jakobsson , K. and Banik , P. 1999 . An integrated tool for synthesis and design of reactive distillation . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1347 – 1352 .
  • Kreul , L. U. , Gorak , A. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Modeling of homogeneous reactive separation processes in packed columns . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 1 ) : 19 – 34 .
  • Kumar , A. and Daoutidis , P. 1999 . Modeling, analysis and control of ethylene glycol reactive distillation column . AIChE J. , 45 ( 1 ) : 51 – 68 .
  • Kumpabooth , K. , Scamehorn , J. F. and Osuwan , S. 1999 . Surfactant recovery from water using foam fractionation: Effect of temperature and added salt . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 2 ) : 157 – 172 .
  • Lee , J. H. and Dudukovic , M. P. 1999 . A comparison of the equilibrium and nonequilibrium models for a multicomponent reactive distillation column . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 1 ) : 159 – 172 .
  • Lee , M. , Dorn , C. , Meski , G. A. and Morari , M. 1999 . Limit cycles in homogeneous azeotropic distillation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res , 38 ( 5 ) : 2021 – 2027 .
  • Li , Y. , Chen , H. and Liu , J. 1999 . Composition profile of an azeotropic continuous distillation with feed composition on a ridge or in a valley . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 6 ) : 2482 – 2484 .
  • Mahajani , S. M. 1999 . Design of reactive distillation columns for multicomponent kinetically controlled reactive systems . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1425 – 1430 .
  • Mahajani , S. M. 1999 . Kinetic azeotropy and design of reactive distillation columns . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res , 38 ( 1 ) : 177 – 186 .
  • Milani , S. M. 1999 . Optimization of solvent feed rate for maximum recovery of high purity top product in batch extractive distillation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des , 77 ( 5 ) : 469 – 470 .
  • Mohl , K. D. , Kienle , A. and Gilles , E. D. 1999 . Steady-state multiplicities in reactive distillation columns for the production of fuel ethers MTBE and TAME: Theoretical analysis and experimental verification . Chem. Eng. Sci , 54 ( 8 ) : 1029 – 1043 .
  • Monroy-Loperena , R. and Alvarez-Ramirez , J. 1999 . On the steady-state multiplicities for an ethylene glycol reactive distillation column . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res , 38 ( 2 ) : 451 – 455 .
  • Moritz , P. and Hasse , H. 1999 . Fluid dynamics in reactive distillation packing Katapak-S . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1367 – 1374 .
  • Mujtaba , I. M. 1999 . Optimization of batch extractive distillation processes for separating close boiling and azeotropic mixtures . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 588 – 596 .
  • Nye , J. O. , Herzog , K. and Cheaney , S. 1999 . Use a side reboiler to increase tower capacity . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 9 ) : 51 – 56 .
  • Parkinson , G. 1999 . The divide in distillation . Chem. Eng. (N.Y.), April , : 32 – 35 .
  • Pasad , G. V. and Venkatarathnam , G. 1999 . A method for avoiding trivial roots in isothermal flash calculations using cubic equations of state . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 9 ) : 3530 – 3534 .
  • Schenk , M. , Gani , R. and Bogle , D. 1999 . A hybrid modelling approach for separation systems involving distillation . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 519 – 534 .
  • Serafimov , L. A. , Pisarenko , Y. A. and Kulov , N. N. 1999 . Coupling chemical reaction with distillation: Thermodynamic analysis and practical applications . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1383 – 1388 .
  • Sharma , R. , Jindal , A. and Mandawala , D. 1999 . Design/retrofit targets of pump-around refluxes for better energy integration of a crude distillation column . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 6 ) : 2411 – 2417 .
  • Sneesby , M. G. , Tade , M. O. and Smith , T. N. 1999 . Reaction hysteresis: A new cause of output multiplicity in reactive distillation . Dev. Chem. Eng. Mineral Process , 7 ( 1 ) : 41 – 56 .
  • Subawalla , H. and Fair , J. R. 1999 . Design guidelines for solid catalyzed reactive distillation systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 3696 – 3709 .
  • Sundmacher , K. , Uhde , G. and Hoffmann , U. 1999 . Multiple reactions in catalytic distillation processes for the production of the fuel oxygenates MTBE and TAME: Analysis by rigorous model and experimental validation . Chem. Eng. Sci , 54 ( 13 ) : 2839 – 2848 .
  • Ting , J. , Helfferich , F. G. and Hwang , Y. L. 1999 . Experimental study of wave propagation dynamics of multicomponent distillation columns . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 3588 – 3605 .
  • Turner , J. , Asquith , R. J. and Atkinson , R. 1999 . Stop foaming on hydrotreater ‘hot’ separator . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 6 ) : 119 – 124 .
  • Venimadhavan , G. , Malone , M. F. and Doherty , M. F. 1999 . Bifurcation study of kinetic effects in reactive distillation . AIChE J. , 45 ( 3 ) : 546 – 556 .
  • Venimadhavan , G. , Malone , M. F. and Doherty , M. F. 1999 . A novel distillate policy for batch reactive distillation with application to the production of butyl acetate . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res , 38 ( 3 ) : 714 – 722 .
  • Wajge , R. M. and Reklaitis , G. V. 1999 . RBDOPT: A general-purpose object-oriented module for distributed campaign optimization of reactive batch distillation . Chem. Eng. J. , 75 ( 1 ) : 57 – 68 .
  • Wang , K. , Qian , Y. , Yuan , Y. and Yao , P. 1999 . Synthesis and optimization of heat integrated distillation systems using an improved genetic algorithm . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 1 ) : 125 – 136 .
  • Wasylkiewicz , S. K. , Kobylka , L. C. and Satyro , M. A. 1999 . Designing azeotropic distillation columns . Chem. Eng. (N.Y.), August , : 80 – 85 .
  • Xu , X. , Zhao , Z. and Tian , S. J. 1999 . Study on catalytic distillation processes: Axial dispersion of liquid in catalyst bed of catalytic distillation column . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 1 ) : 16 – 20 .
  • Xu , Z. and Dudukovic , M. P. 1999 . Modeling and simulation of semi-batch photo-reactive distillation . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1397 – 1403 .
  • Xu , Z. , Afacan , A. and Chuang , K. T. 1999 . Removal of acetic acid from water by catalytic distillation: Experimental studies . Can. J. Chem. Eng , 77 ( 4 ) : 676 – 681 .
  • Xu , Z. , Afacan , A. and Chuang , K. T. 1999 . Removal of acetic acid from water by catalytic distillation: Modeling and simulation studies . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 4 ) : 682 – 687 .
  • Young , H. K. 1999 . Optimal design and operation of a multi-product batch distillation column using dynamic model . Chem. Eng. Process , 38 ( 1 ) : 61 – 72 .

Column Design Data

  • Avraam , D. G. and Payatakes , A. C. 1999 . Flow mechanisms, relative permeabilities, and coupling effects in steady-state two-phase flow through porous media: The case of strong wettability . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 3 ) : 778 – 786 .
  • Billet , R. and Schultes , M. 1999 . Prediction of mass transfer columns with dumped and arranged packings: Updated summary of the calculation method of Billet and Schultes . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 498 – 504 .
  • Blet , V. , Berne , P. H. and Chaussy , C. 1999 . Characterization of a packed column using radioactive tracers . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 1 ) : 91 – 101 .
  • Chen , D. , Fei , W. , Pratt , H. R.C. and Stevens , G. W. 1999 . Comparison of hydrodynamic and mass transfer performance of SMR, raschig ring, and pulsed perforated plate column . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1523 – 1542 .
  • Chen , F. , Zhou , R. and Duan , Z. 1999 . A novel cross-flow cascade packed column design and simulation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 8 ) : 2973 – 2978 .
  • Chen , J. , Liu , Y. and Tan , T. 1999 . Projection velocities of droplets in the spray regime of sieve tray operation . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 6 ) : 2505 – 2509 .
  • Cheng , G. J. , Yu , A. B. and Zulli , P. 1999 . Evaluation of effective thermal conductivity from the structure of a packed bed . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 19 ) : 4199 – 4210 .
  • Edwards , D. P. , Krishnamurthy , K. R. and Potthoff , R. W. 1999 . Development of an improved method to quantify maldistribution and its effect on structured packing column performance . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 656 – 662 .
  • Fair , J. R. , Trutna , W. R. and Seibert , A. F. 1999 . A new, ultracapacity tray for distillation columns . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 619 – 626 .
  • Feng , D. and Aldrich , C. 1999 . Effect of fluid properties on two-phase froth characteristics . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 4110 – 4112 .
  • Fitz , C. W. , King , D. W. and Kunesh , J. G. 1999 . Controlled liquid maldistribution studies on structured packing . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 482 – 486 .
  • Fitz , C. W. , Kunesh , J. G. and Shariat , A. 1999 . Performance of structured packing in a commercial-scale column at pressures of 0.02–27.6 bar . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 2 ) : 512 – 518 .
  • Hamidi , A. , van Berlo , M. and Luyben , K. C.A.M. 1999 . Flooding characteristics of aqueous two-phase systems in a countercurrent sieve-plate column . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 3 ) : 244 – 249 .
  • Hanley , B. 1999 . The influence of flow maldistribution on the performance of columns containing random packings: A model study for constant relative volatility and total reflux . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 16 ( 1 ) : 7 – 24 .
  • Higler , A. , Krishna , R. and Taylor , R. 1999 . Nonequilibrium cell model for packed distillation columns: The influence of maldistribution . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 3988 – 3999 .
  • Hodgson , I. and Oloman , C. 1999 . Pressure gradient, liquid hold-up and mass transfer in a graphite fibre bed with cocurrent upward gas-liquid flow . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 23 ) : 5777 – 5786 .
  • Holt , A. J. , Azzopardi , B. J. and Biddulph , M. W. 1999 . Calculation of two-phase pressure drop for vertical upflow in narrow passages by means of a flow pattern specific model . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 1 ) : 7 – 15 .
  • Hood , A. R. , Stander , A. and Lilburne , G. 1999 . Vacuum column revamp: A fast-track turnkey project . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 11 ) : 63 – 70 .
  • Kolev , N. 1999 . Pressure drop of arranged packings with vertical walls . Chem. Eng. Process. , 38 ( 3 ) : 219 – 224 .
  • Krishna , R. , van Batan , J. M. and Ellenberger , J. 1999 . CFD simulations of sieve tray hydrodynamics . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 639 – 646 .
  • Kronberg , A. E. and Westerterp , K. R. 1999 . Nonequilibrium effects in fixed-bed interstitial fluid dispersion . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 18 ) : 3977 – 3994 .
  • Lopez , F. and Castells , F. 1999 . Influence of tray geometry on scaling up distillation efficiency from laboratory data . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 7 ) : 2747 – 2753 .
  • Lund , K. O. , Nguyen , H. and Lord , S. M. 1999 . Numerical correlation for thermal conduction in packed beds . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 4 ) : 769 – 774 .
  • Macias-Salinas , R. and Fair , J. R. 1999 . Axial mixing in modern packings, gas and liquid phases: Single-phase flow . AIChE J. , 45 ( 2 ) : 222 – 239 .
  • Marchot , P. , Toye , D. and Crine , M. 1999 . Investigation of liquid maldistribution in packed columns by X-ray tomography . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 511 – 518 .
  • Mewes , D. , Loser , T. and Millies , M. 1999 . Modelling of two-phase flow in packings and monoliths . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 21 ) : 4729 – 4748 .
  • Mota , M. , Teixeira , J. A. and Yelshin , A. 1999 . Image analysis of packed beds of spherical particles of different sizes . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 15 ( 1 ) : 59 – 68 .
  • Mueller , G. E. 1999 . Radial void fraction correlation for annular packed beds . AIChE J. , 45 ( 11 ) : 2458 – 2460 .
  • Mustafa , H. , Bekassy-Molnar , E. and Elhamouz , A. 1999 . Hydrodynamics and mass transfer of textile vibrating-valve trays . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 627 – 632 .
  • Nandakumar , K. , Shu , Y. and Chuang , K. T. 1999 . Predicting geometrical properties of random packed beds from computer simulation . AIChE J. , 45 ( 11 ) : 2286 – 2297 .
  • Nicolaiewsky , E. M. , Tavares , F. W. , Rajagopal , K. and Fair , J. R. 1999 . Liquid film flow and area generation in structured packed columns . Powder Technol. , 104 ( 1 ) : 84 – 94 .
  • Nutter , D. E. 1999 . The MVG™ tray at FRI . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 493 – 497 .
  • Olsson , F. R. 1999 . Detect distributor defects before they cripple columns . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 95 ( 10 ) : 57 – 61 .
  • Olujic , Z. 1999 . Effect of column diameter on pressure drop of a corrugated sheet structured packing . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 6 ) : 505 – 510 .
  • Olujic , Z. , Kamerbeek , A. B. and de Graauw , J. 1999 . A corrugation geometry-based model for efficiency of structured distillation packing . Chem. Eng. Process. , 38 ( 4 ) : 683 – 695 .
  • Park , J. and Gibbs , S. J. 1999 . Mapping flow and dispersion in a packed column by MRI . AIChE J. , 45 ( 3 ) : 655 – 660 .
  • Parkinson , G. and Ondrey , G. 1999 . Packing towers . Chem. Eng. (N.Y.) , 106 ( 13 ) : 39 – 43 .
  • Qiu , J. H. , Rocha , J. A. , Bravo , J. L. and Fair , J. R. 1999 . Distillation columns containing structured packings: A comprehensive model for their performance: Hydraulic models . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 8 ) : 3186 – 3189 . Comments and reply on
  • Quintard , M. and Whitaker , S. 1999 . Dissolution of an immobile phase during flow in porous media . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 3 ) : 833 – 844 .
  • Sloley , A. W. 1999 . Should you switch to high capacity trays? . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 95 ( 1 ) : 23 – 35 .
  • Spiegel , L. and Knoche , M. 1999 . Influence of hydraulic conditions on separation efficiency of optiflow . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 609 – 612 .
  • Toye , D. , Marchot , P. and L'homme , G. 1999 . Modelling of the liquid distribution in a trickle flow placked column based upon X-ray tomography images . Chem. Eng. Commun. , 175 : 131 – 155 .
  • Verschoof , H. J. , Olujic , Z. and Fair , J. R. 1999 . A general correlation for predicting the loading point of corrugated sheet structured packings . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 3663 – 3669 .
  • Wang , S. , Chung , K. H. and Masliyah , J. H. 1999 . Deposition of fine particles in packed beds at hydrotreating conditions: Role of surface chemistry . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 12 ) : 4878 – 4888 .
  • Wang , Y. and James , P. W. 1999 . Assessment of an eddy-interaction model and its refinements using predictions of droplet deposition in a wave-plate demister . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 8 ) : 692 – 698 .
  • Whaley , A. K. , Bode , C. A. and Ghosh , J. 1999 . HETP and pressure drop prediction for structured packing distillation columns using a neural network model . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1736 – 1739 .
  • Wijn , E. F. 1999 . Weir flow and liquid height on sieve and valve trays . Chem. Eng. J. , 73 ( 3 ) : 191 – 204 .

Absorption Reactions, Absorber Design, and Cooling Towers

  • Abdi , M. A. and Meisen , A. 1999 . A novel process for diethanolamine recovery from partially degraded solutions: Process description and phase equilibria of the DEA-BHEP-THEED-hexadecane system . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 8 ) : 3096 – 3104 .
  • Abdi , M. A. and Meisen , A. 1999 . A novel process for diethanolamine recovery from partially degraded solutions: Process analysis . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 8 ) : 3105 – 3114 .
  • Adewuyi , Y. G. , He , X. D. and Shaw , H. 1999 . Simultaneous absorption and oxidation of NO and sulphur dioxide by aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite . Chem. Eng. Commun. , 174 : 21 – 51 .
  • Aroonwilas , A. , Veawab , A. and Tontiwachwuthikul , P. 1999 . Behavior of the mass-transfer coefficient of structured packings in carbon dioxide absorbers with chemical reactions . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 5 ) : 2044 – 2050 .
  • Baird , M. H.I. and Nirdosh , I. 1999 . Low-cost experiments in mass transfer: Desorption of ammonia from a liquid jet . Chem. Eng. Educ. , 33 ( 4 ) : 328 – 331 .
  • Dohnal , V. and Hovorka , S. 1999 . Exponential saturator: A novel gas-liquid partitioning technique for measurement of large limiting activity coefficients . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 5 ) : 2036 – 2043 .
  • DuPart , M. S. , Rooney , P. C. and Bacon , T. R. 1999 . Comparing laboratory and plant data for MDEA/DEA blends . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 4 ) : 81 – 86 .
  • Ebeling , H. O. , Lyddon , L. G. and Covington , K. K. 1999 . Reduce emissions from dehydration units . Hydrocarbon Process. , 78 ( 4 ) : 107 – 116 .
  • Evren , V. , Cagatay , T. and Ozdural , A. R. 1999 . Carbon dioxide-air mixtures: Mass transfer in recycling packed-bed absorption columns operating under high liquid flow rates . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 17 ( 2 ) : 89 – 96 .
  • Gaddis , E. S. 1999 . Mass transfer in gas-liquid contactors . Chem. Eng. Process. , 38 ( 4 ) : 503 – 510 .
  • Gretscher , H. and Schaber , K. 1999 . Aerosol formation by heterogeneous nucleation in wet scrubbing processes . Chem. Eng. Process. , 38 ( 4 ) : 541 – 548 .
  • Hua , L. Q. , Shuo , Y. and Lin , T. J. 1999 . A new complex absorbent used for improving propylene carbonate absorbent for carbon dioxide removal . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 16 ( 2 ) : 133 – 138 .
  • Ji , X. , Kritpiphat , W. and Aboudheir , A. 1999 . Mass transfer parameter estimation using optimization technique: Case study in carbon dioxide absorption with chemical reaction . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 1 ) : 69 – 73 .
  • Karcz , J. 1999 . Studies of local heat transfer in a gas-liquid system agitated by double disc turbines in a slender vessel . Chem. Eng. J. , 72 ( 3 ) : 217 – 227 .
  • Kenig , E. Y. , Schneider , R. and Gorak , A. 1999 . Rigorous dynamic modelling of complex reactive absorption processes . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 21 ) : 5195 – 5204 .
  • Kueniewska-Lach , I. 1999 . Estimation of phase velocities at flooding point in packed columns for any gas/liquid system . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 3 ) : 433 – 446 .
  • Launaro , P. M. and Paglianti , A. 1999 . Performance of absorption columns equipped with low pressure drops structured packings . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 9 ) : 3481 – 3488 .
  • Lee , S. Y. and Tsui , Y. P. 1999 . Succeed at gas/liquid contacting . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 95 ( 7 ) : 23 – 49 .
  • Lin , C. , Zhou , M. and Xu , C. J. 1999 . Axisymmetrical two-dimensional heterogeneous mass transfer model for the absorption of gas into liquid-liquid dispersions . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 3 ) : 389 – 399 .
  • Mehra , A. 1999 . Heterogeneous modeling of gas absorption in emulsions . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 6 ) : 2460 – 2468 .
  • Meldon , J. 1999 . Simplify calculations for absorption with chemical reactions . Chem. Eng. (N. Y.), November , : 86 – 91 .
  • Min , J. K. and Choi , D. H. 1999 . Analysis of the absorption process on a horizontal tube using Navier-Stokes equations with surface-tension effects . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , 42 ( 24 ) : 4567 – 4578 .
  • Ondrey , G. 1999 . Codes of Practice for cooling towers . Chem. Eng. (N. Y.), August , : 29 – 33 .
  • Parkinson , G. and Ondrey , G. 1999 . Packing towers . Chem. Eng. (N.Y.) , 106 ( 13 ) : 39 – 43 .
  • Pawelczyk , R. 1999 . A dynamic method for dispersing gases in liquids . Chem. Eng. Process. , 38 ( 2 ) : 95 – 107 .
  • Pradhan , M. P. and Joshi , J. B. 1999 . Absorption of NOx gases in aqueous NaOH solutions: Selectivity and optimization . AIChE J. , 45 ( 1 ) : 38 – 50 .
  • Saha , A. K. , Biswas , A. K. and Bandyopadhyay , S. S. 1999 . Absorption of carbon dioxide in a sterically hindered amine: Modeling absorption in a mechanically agitated contactor . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 15 ( 2 ) : 101 – 112 .
  • Schneider , R. , Kenig , E. Y. and Gorak , A. 1999 . Dynamic modelling of reactive absorption with the Maxwell-Stefan approach . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 633 – 638 .
  • Shen , J. F. , Yang , Y. M. and Maa , J. R. 1999 . Surfactant effects on gas absorption in a coke-oven gas treatment process . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 5 ) : 1013 – 1020 .
  • Stockfleth , R. and Brunner , G. 1999 . Hydrodynamics of a packed countercurrent column for the gas extraction . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 10 ) : 4000 – 4006 .
  • Taghizadeh , M. , Jallut , C. and Tayakout-Fayolle , M. 1999 . Numerical simulation of non-isothermal gas-liquid absorption with chemical reaction on a spherical laminar film: Application to phosgene absorption into aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 6 ) : 807 – 818 .
  • Vallee , G. , Mougin , P. and Jullian , S. 1999 . Representation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide absorption by aqueous solutions of diethanolamine using an electrolyte equation of state . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 9 ) : 3473 – 3480 .
  • Van Dam , M. H.H. , Corriou , J. P. and Midoux , N. 1999 . Modelling and measurement of sulfur dioxide absorption rate in a laminar falling film reactor . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 21 ) : 5311 – 5318 .
  • Vazquez , G. , Chenlo , F. and Pereira , G. 1999 . Enhancement of the absorption of carbon dioxide in alkaline buffer solutions: Joint action of two enhancers . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 5 ) : 2160 – 2162 .
  • Veawab , A. , Tontiwachwuthikul , P. and Chakma , A. 1999 . Influence of process parameters on corrosion behavior in a sterically hindered amine-carbon dioxide system . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 1 ) : 310 – 315 .
  • Waldie , B. , Johnston , T. and Harris , W. K. 1999 . Bubble characteristics in a high intensity gas/liquid contactor . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 21 ) : 5319 – 5328 .
  • Warnecke , H. J. , Schafer , M. and Pruss , J. 1999 . A concept of simulating an industrial-size tube reactor with fast complex kinetics and absorption of two gases on the basis of CFD modeling . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 13 ) : 2513 – 2520 .
  • Zapfel , W. , Marr , R. and Siebenhofer , M. 1999 . Absorptive separation of NO from dilute off-gas . Sep. Sci. Technol. , : 1429 – 1446 .
  • Zhao , L. L. and Rochelle , G. T. 1999 . Mercury absorption in aqueous hypochlorite . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 5 ) : 655 – 662 .

Liquid-Liquid Extraction

  • Adams , M. D. 1999 . Extraction of M AuCN2 ion pairs into organic solvents from aqueous solution . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 10 ) : 2039 – 2060 .
  • Ahmad , B. S. and Barton , P. I. 1999 . Solvent recovery targeting . AIChE J. , 45 ( 2 ) : 335 – 349 .
  • Alguacil , F. J. 1999 . Modeling AuCN2– extraction by mixtures of Primene-JMT and Cyanex-925 reagents . AIChE J. , 45 ( 10 ) : 2136 – 2141 .
  • Alguacil , F. J. and Alonso , M. 1999 . Recovery of copper from ammoniacal/ammonium sulphate medium by LIX-54 . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 12 ) : 1171 – 1175 .
  • Alguacil , F. J. and Cobo , A. 1999 . Solvent extraction with LIX-973N for the selective separation of copper and nickel . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 5 ) : 467 – 471 .
  • Alonso , A. I. , Galan , B. and Gonzalez , M. 1999 . Experimental and theoretical analysis of a nondispersive solvent extraction pilot plant for the removal of Cr(VI) from a galvanic process wastewaters . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1666 – 1675 .
  • Alopaeus , V. , Koskinen , J. and Keskinen , K. I. 1999 . Simulation of the population balances for liquid-liquid systems in a nonideal stirred tank: Description and qualitative validation of the model . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 24 ) : 5887 – 5900 .
  • Aravamudan , K. and Baird , M. H.I. 1999 . Effects of mass transfer on the hydrodynamic behavior of a Karr reciprocating plate column . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1596 – 1604 .
  • Barrans , R. E. , McAlister , D. R. and Herlinger , A. W. 1999 . Hydrogen bonding in aggregates of dialkyl-substituted diphosphonic acids and monofunctional analogues . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1195 – 1218 .
  • Belova , V. V. , Kholkin , A. I. and Jidkova , T. I. 1999 . Solvent extraction of palladium from chloride solutions by alkyl-ammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)dithiophosphates . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1473 – 1492 .
  • Birdwell , J. F. 1999 . Uranium extraction selectivities of dibutyl carbitol and tributyl phosphate in the system [UO2(NO3)2]-nitric acid-water-aluminum nitrate-solvent . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 987 – 1006 .
  • Bogacki , M. B. 1999 . Effect of various phenomena in the organic phase on metal extraction with chelating reagents in countercurrent and crosscurrent extraction systems . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1611 – 1617 .
  • Bolton , G. T. , Korchinsky , W. J. and Waterfall , R. C. 1999 . Imaging immiscible liquid-liquid systems by capacitance tomography . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 8 ) : 699 – 708 .
  • Borowiak-Resterna , A. 1999 . Extraction of copper(II) from acid chloride solutions by N-dodecyl- and N,N-dihexyl-pyridinecarboxamides . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 133 – 148 .
  • Bressler , E. and Braun , S. 1999 . Separation mechanisms of citric and itaconic acids by water-immiscible amines . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 9 ) : 891 – 896 .
  • Chambliss , C. K. , Martin , C. R. and Strauss , S. H. 1999 . Comparison of the lipophilic redoxrecyclable extractant [Fe(n5-C5H3(s-C7H15)2)2][NO3] with [N(n-C7H15)4][NO3] for liquid-liquid anion-exchange of aqueous 99TcO4– . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 553 – 584 .
  • Chen , L. H. and Lee , Y. L. 1999 . The effects of a surfactant on the mass transfer in spray-tower extraction column . Chem. Eng. J. , 73 ( 1 ) : 77 – 81 .
  • Chhatre , M. H. and Shinde , V. M. 1999 . Analytical separation of scandium(III) from yttrium(III) and lanthanum(III) by tributyl phosphine oxide (TBPO) . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 17 ( 2 ) : 117 – 124 .
  • Chiarizia , R. , Dietz , M. L. and Horwitz , E. P. 1999 . Radium separation through complexation by aqueous crown ethers and ion-exchange or solvent extraction . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 931 – 950 .
  • Chiarizia , R. , Urban , V. and Thiyagarajan , P. 1999 . Aggregation of complexes formed in the extraction of selected metal cations by P,P″-di(2-ethylhexyl) methanediphosphonic acid . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 113 – 132 .
  • Chiarizia , R. , Urban , V. and Thiyagarajan , P. 1999 . SANS study of aggregation of the complexes formed by selected metal cations and P,P″9-di(2-ethylhexyl)ethane- and butane-diphosphonic acids . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1171 – 1194 .
  • Comor , J. J. , Tolic , A. S. and Kopecni , M. M. 1999 . Modelling of the simultaneous extraction of nitric acid and uranyl nitrate with tri-n-butyl phosphate: Application to extraction operation . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 1 ) : 115 – 122 .
  • Deligoz , H. , Pekacar , A. I. and Ozler , M. A. 1999 . Solvent extraction of Fe3+ cation by 25,26,27,28-tetraisonitrosoaceto-calix[4]arene and based ligands . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 16 ) : 3297 – 3304 .
  • Delmau , L. H. , Simon , N. and Schwing-Weill , M. J. 1999 . Extraction of trivalent lanthanides and actinides by “CMPO-like” calixarenes . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 863 – 876 .
  • Dobre , T. , Guzun-Stoica , A. and Floarea , O. 1999 . Reactive extraction of phenols using sulfuric acid salts of trioctylamine . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 10 ) : 1559 – 1563 .
  • Dolev , A. , Kehat , E. and Lavie , R. 1999 . Intensive periodic liquid-liquid extraction in a thin extractant layer . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1618 – 1624 .
  • Dreher , T. M. and Demopoulos , G. P. 1999 . The conversion of Rh(III) chlorocomplexes to bromocomplexes and their solvent extraction behavior . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1231 – 1254 .
  • du Preez , J. G.H. , Knoetze , S. E. and Ravindran , S. 1999 . Nitrogen reagents in metal ion separation: The separation of palladium from platinum in hydrochloric acid solution by pyrazole derivatives . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 317 – 332 .
  • Dziwinski , E. and Szymanowski , J. 1999 . Composition of Cyanex-925 . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1515 – 1522 .
  • Eldridge , R. B. and Fair , J. R. 1999 . Sieve-tray extractor continuous-phase mixing . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 1 ) : 218 – 222 .
  • Escudero , I. , Cabezas , J. L. and Coca , J. 1999 . Liquid-liquid extraction of 2,3-butanediol from dilute aqueous solutions with mixed solvents . Chem. Eng. Commun. , 173 : 135 – 146 .
  • Fedorov , Y. S. , Zilberman , B. Y. and Kulikov , S. M. 1999 . Uranium(VI) extraction by TBP in the presence of HDBP . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 243 – 258 .
  • Flett , D. S. 1999 . New reagents or new ways with old reagents for hydrometallurgy . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol , 74 ( 2 ) : 99 – 105 . review paper
  • Fontas , C. , Salvado , V. and Hidalgo , M. 1999 . Solvent extraction of Pt(IV) by Aliquat 336 and its application to a solid supported liquid membrane system . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 149 – 162 .
  • Fu , X. , Liu , H. and Chen , H. 1999 . Three-phase extraction study of the TOA-alkane/HCl (Zn+2 or Fe+3) systems . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1281 – 1294 .
  • Fujii , T. , Yamamoto , T. and Inagawa , J. 1999 . Nuclear size and shape effect in chemical isotope effect of gadolinium using dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1219 – 1230 .
  • Geist , A. , Nitsch , W. and Kim , J. I. 1999 . On the kinetics of rare earth extraction into D2EHPA . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 12 ) : 1903 – 1907 .
  • Ghalehchian , J. S. and Slater , M. J. 1999 . A possible approach to improving rotating disc contactor design accounting for drop breakage and mass transfer with contamination . Chem. Eng. J. , 75 ( 2 ) : 131 – 144 .
  • Goto , M. , Matsumoto , S. and Uezu , K. 1999 . Development and computational modeling of novel bifunctional organophosphorus extractants for lanthanoid separation . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 11 ) : 2125 – 2140 .
  • Haeberl , M. and Blass , E. 1999 . Multicomponent effects in liquid-liquid extraction . Chem. Eng. Res. Des. , 77 ( 7 ) : 647 – 655 .
  • Hagstrom , I. , Spjuth , L. and Enarsson , A. 1999 . Synergistic solvent extraction of trivalent americium and europium by 2-bromodecanoic acid and neutral nitrogen-containing reagents . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 221 – 242 .
  • Henschke , M. and Pfennig , A. 1999 . Mass-transfer enhancement in single-drop extraction experiments . AIChE J. , 45 ( 10 ) : 2079 – 2086 .
  • Hostrup , M. , Harper , P. M. and Gani , R. 1999 . Design of environmentally benign processes: Integration of solvent design and separation process synthesis . Comput. Chem. Eng. , 23 ( 10 ) : 1395 – 1414 .
  • Hu , X. 1999 . Recovery of theophylline effluent with 2-ethylhexanol extraction process . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 14 ) : 2905 – 2922 .
  • Huddleston , J. G. , Ingenito , C. C. and Rogers , R. D. 1999 . Partitioning behavior of porphyrin dyes in aqueous biphasic systems . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1091 – 1102 .
  • Huddleston , J. G. , Willauer , H. D. and Griffin , S. T. 1999 . Aqueous polymeric solutions as environmentally benign liquid/liquid extraction media . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 7 ) : 2523 – 2539 .
  • Iglesias , M. , Antico , E. and Salvado , V. 1999 . Effect of Y(III) distribution between aqueous nitrate and organic D2EHPA solutions on the Y(III) precipitation stripping using oxalic acid . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 277 – 300 .
  • Ilias , S. , Schimmel , K. A. and Yezek , P. M. 1999 . Non-dispersive liquid-liquid extraction of copper and zinc from an aqueous solution by DEHPA and LIX-984 in a hollow fiber membrane module . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1007 – 1020 .
  • Imura , H. , Kameta , N. and Osada , M. 1999 . Enhancement effect of tris(8-quinolinolato)cobalt(III) on the extraction of lanthanide(III) with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 585 – 596 .
  • Jeelani , S. A. K. , Panoussopoulos , K. and Hartland , S. 1999 . Effect of turbulence on the separation of liquid-liquid dispersions in batch settlers of different geometries . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 2 ) : 493 – 501 .
  • Juang , R. S. , Chen , Y. J. and Huang , I. P. 1999 . Amine-based extraction recovery of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions in the presence of EDTA equilibrium studies . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 15 ) : 3099 – 3112 .
  • Juang , R. S. and Huang , I. P. 1999 . Extraction of copper(II)-NTA chelated anions from water with Aliquat 336 . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 12 ) : 2407 – 2420 .
  • Juang , R. S. and Wu , R. T. 1999 . Rates of acetate extraction from simulated waste streams in chloromycetin production . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol , 74 ( 12 ) : 1165 – 1170 .
  • Juang , R. S. and Wu , R. T. 1999 . Extraction of acetate from simulated waste solutions in chloromycetin production . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 17 ( 3 ) : 225 – 234 .
  • Katsuta , S. and Yanagihara , H. 1999 . Extraction enhancement of titanium(IV) acetylacetonate in the presence of phenols . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 391 – 402 .
  • Kneissl , F. , Geist , A. and Nitsch , W. 1999 . Europium extraction into D2EHPA: Kinetics of mass transfer in a stirred cell . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 475 – 494 .
  • Kocjan , R. and Swieboda , R. 1999 . Silica gel treated with a mixture of Aliquat 336 and acid Alizarin violet-N and its application . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 13 ) : 2571 – 2582 .
  • Kolarik , Z. , Mullich , U. and Gassner , F. 1999 . Selective extraction of Am(III) over Eu(III) by 2,6-ditriazolyl- and 2,6-ditriazinyl-pyridines . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 23 – 32 .
  • Kolarik , Z. , Mullich , U. and Gassner , F. 1999 . Extraction of Am(III) and Eu(III) nitrates by 2,6-di-(5,6-dipropyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)pyridines . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1155 – 1170 .
  • Koullas , D. P. , Umealu , O. S. and Koukios , E. G. 1999 . Solvent selection for the extraction of ethanol from aqueous solutions . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 11 ) : 2153 – 2164 .
  • Krishna , R. , Urseanu , M. I. and Van Baten , J. M. 1999 . Rise velocity of a swarm of large gas bubbles in liquids . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 2 ) : 171 – 183 .
  • Kuipa , P. K. and Hughes , M. A. 1999 . Influence of high voltage electric fields applied across a horizontal liquid-liquid interface on the rate of metal extraction using a rotating diffusion cell . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 13 ) : 2653 – 2662 .
  • Kumar , A. and Hartland , S. 1999 . Correlations for prediction of mass transfer coefficients in single drop systems and liquid-liquid extraction columns . Chem. Eng. Res Des. , 77 ( 5 ) : 372 – 384 .
  • Kumar , A. and Hartland , S. 1999 . Computational strategies for sizing liquid-liquid extractors . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 3 ) : 1040 – 1056 .
  • Lamb , J. D. , Nazarenko , A. Y. and Hansen , R. J. 1999 . Novel solvent system for metal ion separation: Improved solvent extraction of strontium(II) and lead(II) as dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 complexes . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 13 ) : 2583 – 2600 .
  • Landgren , A. and Liljenzin , J. O. 1999 . Extraction behaviour of technetium actinides in the Aliquat-336/nitric acid system . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1387 – 1402 .
  • Lee , J. C. , Jeong , J. and Park , J. T. 1999 . Selective and simultaneous extractions of Zn and Cu ions by hollow fiber SLM modules containing HEH(EHP) and LIX-84 . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 8 ) : 1689 – 1702 .
  • Lefrancois , L. , Belnet , F. and Tondre , C. 1990 . An attempt to theoretically predict third-phase formation in the dimethyldibutyltetradecylmalonamide (DMDBTDMA)/dodecane/water/nitric acid extraction system . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 5 ) : 755 – 770 .
  • Leonard , R. A. 1999 . Design rules for solvent extraction . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 597 – 612 .
  • Leonard , R. A. , Conner , C. and Liberatore , M. W. 1999 . Developing and testing an alkaline-side solvent extraction process for technetium separation from tank waste . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1043 – 1068 .
  • Liu , S. and Li , D. 1999 . Drop coalescence in turbulent dispersions . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 23 ) : 5667 – 5676 .
  • Liu , Y. S. , Dai , Y. Y. and Wang , J. D. 1999 . Distribution behavior of L-phenylalanine by extraction with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 11 ) : 2165 – 2176 .
  • Marcilla , A. , Gomez , A. and Reyes , J. A. 1999 . New method for quaternary systems liquid-liquid extraction tray to tray design . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 8 ) : 3083 – 3095 .
  • Mathur , A. M. and Scranton , A. B. 1999 . Synthesis and ion-binding properties of polymeric pseudocrown ethers: Ion-binding studies . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 5 ) : 855 – 870 .
  • McNamara , B. K. , Lumetta , G. J. and Rapko , B. M. 1999 . Extraction of europium(III) ion with tetrahexylmalonamides . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1403 – 1422 .
  • Modolo , G. and Odoj , R. 1999 . Synergistic selective extraction of actinides(III) over lanthanides from nitric acid using new aromatic diorganyldithiophosphinic acids and neutral organophosphorus compounds . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 33 – 54 .
  • Molga , E. and cherbanski , R. 1999 . Hybrid first-prinfiple neural-network approach to modelling of the liquid-liquid reacting system . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 13 ) : 2467 – 2474 .
  • Moris , M. A. , Diez , F. V. and Coca , J. 1999 . Solvent extraction of molybdenum and tungsten by Alamine 336 and DEHPA in a rotating disc contactor . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 17 ( 3 ) : 173 – 180 .
  • Naik , M. T. and Dhadke , P. M. 1999 . Liquid-liquid extraction of gallium(III) from acidic nitrate media with bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphinic acid in toluene . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1295 – 1308 .
  • Narbutt , J. 1999 . Hydration and solvation of lead(II) acetylacetonate and the coordination number of lead(II) . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1271 – 1280 .
  • Nash , K. L. 1999 . Aqueous complexes in separations of f-elements: Options and strategies for future development . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 911 – 930 .
  • Nayak , D. and Lahiri , S. 1999 . Separation of the carrier free radioisotopes of lanthanide series elements (review paper) . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1133 – 1154 .
  • Nazarenko , A. Y. , Baulin , V. E. and Lamb , J. D. 1999 . Solvent extraction of metal picrates by phosphoryl-containing podands . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 495 – 524 .
  • Nekovar , P. and Schrotterova , D. 1999 . Extraction of molybdenum(VI) by Primene JMT . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 163 – 176 .
  • Nishihama , S. , Hirai , T. and Komasawa , I. 1999 . Separation and recovery of gallium and indium from simulated zinc refinery residue by liquid-liquid extraction . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 3 ) : 1032 – 1039 .
  • Nishihama , S. , Hirai , T. and Komasawa , I. 1999 . Mechanism of photoreductive stripping of iron(III) in a liquid-liquid extraction system and its application for a hydrometallurgical process . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 12 ) : 4850 – 4856 .
  • Ohto , K. , Tanaka , H. and Ishibashi , H. 1999 . Solubility in organic diluents and extraction behavior of calix[4]-arene carboxylates with different alkyl chains . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1309 – 1326 .
  • Olukcu , N. , Yanik , J. and Saglam , M. 1999 . Solvent effect on the extraction of Beypazari oil shale . Energy Fuels , 13 ( 4 ) : 895 – 902 .
  • Oshite , S. and Igarashi , S. 1999 . Homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction using perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and calcium and its application to the separation and recovery of vitamin B12 . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 12 ) : 1183 – 1187 .
  • Ouyang , J. M. 1999 . Solvent extraction of palladium(II) with a Schiff base and separation of palladium from Pd(II)-Pt(VI) mixture . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 5 ) : 1255 – 1270 .
  • Pathak , P. N. , Veeraraghavan , R. and Prabhu , D. R. 1999 . Separation studies of uranium and thorium using di-2-ethylhexyl isobutyramide (D2HIBA) . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 13 ) : 2601 – 2614 .
  • Rabbe , C. , Sella , C. and Madic , C. 1999 . Molecular modeling study of uranyl nitrate extraction with monoamides: Molecular mechanics and lipophilicity calculations, structure-activity relationships . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 87 – 112 .
  • Rais , J. , Selucky , P. and Sistkova , N. V. 1999 . Extraction of 137Cs and 90Sr from alkaline solutions with high sodium nitrate content with tetrahexyldicarbollide . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 14 ) : 2865 – 2886 .
  • Rao , D. P. 1999 . The futility of raffinate reflux revisited . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 1 ) : 74 – 77 .
  • Rickelton , W. A. 1999 . The extraction of cadmium from a mixture of phosphoric and hydrochloric acids . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1507 – 1514 .
  • Romanovski , V. V. , White , D. J. and Xu , J. 1999 . Plutonium(IV) and plutonium(VI) extraction by 1-hydroxy-6-N-octylcarboxamide-2(1H)-pyridinone . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 55 – 72 .
  • Romanovskii , V. V. and Wester , D. W. 1999 . Effect of aluminum nitrate on extraction of Am, Cm, Eu, and Ce(III) by 18-crown-6 and mixtures of 18-crown-6 and chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide in nitrobenzene . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 11 ) : 2141 – 2152 .
  • Rovira , M. , Cortina , J. L. and Sastre , A. M. 1999 . Selective liquid-liquid extraction of palladium(II) from hydrochloric acid media by di-(2-ethylhexyl) thiophosphoric acid (DEHTPA) . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 333 – 350 .
  • Saboni , A. , Gourdon , C. and Chesters , A. K. 1999 . The influence of inter-phase mass transfer on the drainage of partially-mobile liquid films between drops undergoing a constant interaction force . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 4 ) : 461 – 473 .
  • Sachleben , R. A. , Bonnesen , P. V. and Descazeaud , T. 1999 . Surveying the extraction of cesium nitrate by 1,3-alternate calix[4]-arene crown-6 ethers in 1,2-dichloroethane . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1445 – 1460 .
  • Sadaka , M. and Garcia , A. 1999 . Extraction of shikimic and quinic acids . Chem. Eng. Commun. , 173 : 91 – 102 .
  • Sanchez , J. M. , Hidalgo , M. and Salvado , V. 1999 . Extraction of neodymium(III) at trace level with di(2-ethyl-hexyl)-phosphoric acid in hexane . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 455 – 474 .
  • Santos , R. , Yan , W. and Huang , W. 1999 . Extraction behavior and simulation of rare earths in phosphonic acid systems . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 15 ) : 3077 – 3098 .
  • Sarkar , S. G. and Dhadke , P. M. 1999 . Solvent extraction separation of antimony(III) and bismuth(III) with bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302) . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 15 ( 2 ) : 131 – 138 .
  • Sastre , A. M. , Madi , A. and Cortina , J. L. 1999 . Solvent extraction of gold by LIX 79: Experimental equilibrium study . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 4 ) : 310 – 314 .
  • Satake , S. , Tsukahara , S. and Suzuki , N. 1999 . Synergistic extraction equilibrium of lanthanoids(III) with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone and nitrogen-containing bidentate ligands, ethylenediamine derivatives . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 259 – 276 .
  • Shanley , A. 1999 . Solvents: Less is more . Chem. Eng. (N.Y.) , 106 ( 13 ) : 57 – 60 .
  • Shiraishi , Y. , Hara , H. and Hirai , T. 1999 . A deep desulfurization process for light oil by photosensitized oxidation using a triplet photosensitizer and hydrogen peroxide in an oil/water two-phase liquid-liquid extraction system . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 4 ) : 1589 – 1595 .
  • Singh , R. , Khwaja , A. R. and Gupta , B. 1999 . Extraction and separation of nickel(II) using bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphonic acid (Cyanex 301) and its recovery from spent catalyst and electroplating bath residue . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 367 – 390 .
  • Steiner , L. , Balmelli , M. and Hartland , S. 1999 . Simulation of hydrodynamic performance of stirred extraction column . AIChE J. , 45 ( 2 ) : 257 – 267 .
  • Su , Z. G. and Feng , X. L. 1999 . Process integration of cell disruption and aqueous two-phase extraction . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 74 ( 3 ) : 284 – 288 .
  • Suresh , A. , Rao , Brahmmananda C.V.S. and Sabharwal , K. N. 1999 . Third phase formation in the extraction of Nd(III) by octyl-(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutyl carbamoyl methyl phosphine oxide (O-CMPO) . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 1 ) : 73 – 86 .
  • Takagi , N. , Izumi , Y. and Ema , K. 1999 . Radiolytic degradation of a crown ether for extractability of strontium . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1461 – 1472 .
  • Takeshita , K. 1999 . A mathematical model to predict extraction behavior of metal ions between a polymer gel and an aqueous phase . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 2 ) : 301 – 316 .
  • Tegrotenhuis , W. E. , Cameron , R. J. and Butcher , M. G. 1999 . Microchannel devices for efficient contacting of liquids in solvent extraction . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 951 – 974 .
  • Terasaka , K. , Tsuge , H. and Matsue , H. 1999 . Bubble formation in cocurrently upward flowing liquid . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 3 ) : 458 – 464 .
  • Tobin , T. and Ramkrishna , D. 1999 . Modeling the effect of drop charge on coalescence in turbulent liquid-liquid dispersions . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 77 ( 6 ) : 1090 – 1104 .
  • Tripathi , S. C. , Sumathi , S. and Ramanujam , A. 1999 . Effects of solvent recycling on radiolytic degradation of 30% tributyl phosphate/n-dodecane/nitric acid system . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 14 ) : 2887 – 2904 .
  • Tritic , T. M. and Comor , J. J. 1999 . Extraction of thallium with butyl acetate . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 5 ) : 771 – 780 .
  • Tulasi , G. L. and Kumar , S. 1999 . Amino-acid extraction using D2EHPA: New description of equilibrium behavior . AIChE J. , 45 ( 12 ) : 2534 – 2540 .
  • Turanov , A. N. , Karandashev , V. K. and Baulin , V. E. 1999 . Extraction of metal species from nitric acid solutions by phosphoryl-containing podands . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 3 ) : 525 – 552 .
  • Turanov , A. N. , Karandashev , V. K. and Baulin , V. E. 1999 . Extraction of rare-earth elements from nitric solutions by phosphoryl-containing podands . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1423 – 1444 .
  • Urtiaga , A. M. , Zamacona , S. and Ortiz , M. I. 1999 . Analysis of a NDSX process for the selective removal of Cd from phosphoric acid . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 16 ) : 3279 – 3296 .
  • Vachtova , J. , Heyberger , A. and Mrnka , M. 1999 . Extraction of sulfuric acid with trialkylamine in a mixed diluent . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 5 ) : 2028 – 2035 .
  • Varnek , A. and Wipff , G. 1999 . Molecular modelling in solvent extraction: Ionophores in pure solutions and at the liquid/liquid interface . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 17 ( 6 ) : 1493 – 1506 .
  • Veeraraghavan , R. , Mohapatra , P. K. and Manchanda , V. K. 1999 . Extraction of americium from nitric acid medium using 3-phenyl-4-benzoyl-5-isoxazolone and tri-n-octylphosphine oxide . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 1 ) : 123 – 138 .
  • White , K. L. , Knutson , B. L. and Kimber , G. 1999 . Extraction of coal tar pitch using a mixture of compressed carbon dioxide and toluene . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 9 ) : 3360 – 3366 .
  • Willauer , H. D. , Huddleston , J. G. and Griffin , S. T. 1999 . Partitioning of aromatic molecules in aqueous biphasic systems . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1069 – 1090 .
  • Wu , Y. T. and Zhu , Z. Q. 1999 . Modeling of interfacial tension of aqueous two-phase systems . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 4 ) : 433 – 440 .
  • Yurdakoc , M. , Karakaplan , M. and Hosgoren , H. 1999 . Effect of long-chain amines on the extraction of boron from calcium chloride brine with CTMP in petroleum benzine . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 13 ) : 2615 – 2626 .
  • Zhao , J. , Wu , Z. and Chen , J. 1999 . Separation of gold from other metals in thiosulfate solutions by solvent extraction . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 10 ) : 2061 – 2068 .

Supercritical Extraction

  • Abaroudi , K. , Trabelsi , F. and Calloud-Gabriel , B. 1999 . Mass transport enhancement in modified supercritical fluid . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 9 ) : 3505 – 3518 .
  • Al-Jabari , M. E. and Weber , M. E. 1999 . Mass transfer model for supercritical fluid extraction tests . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 14 ) : 2853 – 2864 .
  • Biales , J. M. , Wan , Y. D. , Kilpatrick , P. K. and Roberts , G. W. 1999 . Separation of Fischer-Tropsch wax from catalyst using near-critical fluid extraction: Analysis of process feasibility . Energy Fuels , 13 ( 3 ) : 667 – 677 .
  • Brown , J. S. , Lesutis , H. P. and Lamb , D. R. 1999 . Supercritical fluid separation for selective quaternary ammonium salt promoted esterification of terephthalic acid . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res , 38 ( 10 ) : 3622 – 3627 .
  • Fu , H. and Matthews , M. A. 1999 . Separation processes for recovering alloy steels from grinding sludge: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and aqueous cleaning . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1411 – 1428 .
  • Fullana , M. , Trabelsi , F. and Recasens , F. 1999 . Use of neural net computing for statistical and kinetic modelling and simulation of supercritical fluid extractors . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 54 ( 24 ) : 5845 – 5862 .
  • Gabarra , P. , Cogollo , A. and Recasens , F. 1999 . Supercritical-fluid process for removal of polychlorodibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran from fly ash . Environ. Prog. , 18 ( 1 ) : 40 – 49 .
  • Kim , H. J. , Lee , S. B. and Park , K. A. 1999 . Characterization of extraction and separation of rice bran oil rich in EFA using SFE process . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 15 ( 1 ) : 1 – 8 .
  • Laitinen , A. and Kaunisto , J. 1999 . Oldshue-Rushton column in supercritical fluid extraction . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 9 ) : 1859 – 1872 .
  • Li , L. and Gloyna , E. 1999 . Separation of ionic species under supercritical water conditions . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 6 ) : 1463 – 1478 .
  • Lora , M. and Kikic , I. 1999 . Polymer processing with supercritical fluids: An overview . Sep. Purif. Methods , 28 ( 2 ) : 179 – 250 .
  • McCoy , M. 1999 . Industry intrigued by supercritical carbon dioxide as ‘green’ solvent . Chem. Eng. News, 14 June , : 11 – 13 .
  • Park , S. J. and Yeo , S. D. 1999 . Supercritical extraction of phenols from organically modified smectite . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 1 ) : 101 – 114 .
  • Poliakoff , M. , Meehan , N. J. and Ross , S. K. 1999 . A supercritical solvent success story . Chem. Ind. (London), October , : 750 – 752 .
  • Reverchon , E. , Daghero , J. and Marrone , C. 1999 . Supercritical fractional extraction of fennel seed oil and essential oil: Experiments and mathematical modeling . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 38 ( 8 ) : 3069 – 3075 .

REFERENCES

  • Ray , M. S. 1999 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1998) . Sep. Sci. Technol. , 34 ( 16 ) : 3305 – 3321 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1999 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1997) . Ibid. , 34 ( 1 ) : 139 – 156 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1997 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1996) . Ibid. , 32 ( 18 ) : 3067 – 3083 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1997 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1995) . Ibid. , 32 ( 7 ) : 1163 – 1187 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1995 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1994) . Ibid. , 30 ( 20 ) : 3723 – 3745 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1994 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography Update (1992–1993) . Ibid. , 29 ( 17 ) : 2359 – 2385 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1993 . Equilibrium-Staged Separations: A Bibliography (1991) . Ibid. , 28 ( 6 ) : 1361 – 1378 .
  • Ray , M. S. 1992 . Distillation (1980–1990): A Bibliography . Ibid. , 27 ( 1 ) : 105 – 128 .
  • Engineering and Applied Science Database on CD-ROM (including CHERUB chemical engineering database) Australia : published by Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology . (ISSN 1038–7900). Full details are available from the author

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