Fractal modelling of turbulent mixing

References

• Richardson , I F . 1922 . Weather Prediction by Numerical Process , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Richardson , I F . 1926 . Proc. R. Soc. A , 110 : 709
   Google Scholar
• Frisch , U . 1995 . Turbulence, the Legacy of A. N., Kolmogorov , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kolmogorov , A N . 1941 . Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR , 30 : 299
   Google Scholar
• Benzi , R , Biferale , L , Crisanti , A , Paladin , G , Vergassola , M and Vulpiani , A . 1993 . A random process for the construction of multiaffine fields . Physica D , 65 : 352 – 8 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paladin , G and Vulpiani , A . 1987 . Anomalous scaling laws in multifractal objects . Phys. Rep. , 156 : 147 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sreenivasan , K R and Meneveau , C . 1986 . The fractal facets of turbulence . J. Fluid Mech. , 173 : 357 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandelbrot , B B . 1982 . The Fractal Geometry of Nature , San Francisco, CA : Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Gouldin , F C . 1987 . An application of fractals to modeling premixed turbulent flames . Combust. Flame , 68 : 249 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gouldin , F C , Hilton , S M and Lamb , T . Experimental evaluation of the fractal geometry of flamelets . 22nd Int. Symp. on Combustion . pp. 541 – 50 . Pittsburgh, PA : Combustion Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Kerstein , A R . 1988 . Fractal dimension of turbulent premixed flames . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 60 : 441 – 5 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murayama , M and Takeno , T . Fractal-like character of flamelets in turbulent premixed combustion . 22nd Int. Symp. on Combustion . pp. 551 – 9 . Pittsburgh, PA : Combustion Institute .
   Google Scholar
• North , G L and Santavicca , D A . 1990 . The fractal nature of premixed turbulent flames . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 72 : 215 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santavicca , D A , Liou , D and North , G L . 1990 . “ A fractal model of turbulent flame kernel growth ” . In Int. Congr. and Exposition (Detroit, MI) , SAE Technical Paper Series 900024
   Google Scholar
• Strahle , W C and Jagoda , J I . Fractal geometry applications in turbulent combustion data analysis . 22nd Int. Symp. on Combustion . pp. 561 – 8 . Pittsburgh, PA : Combustion Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Falconer , K . 1997 . Fractal Geometry, Mathematical Foundations and Applications , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Prigogine , I and Nicolis , G . 1981 . Self-Organization in Nonequilibrium Systems , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Ramirez , M and Bruno , C . Simulazione di combustori trapped vortex senza modelli di turbolenza FRANTIC97 . XX Ann. Meeting of Italian Section of the Combustion Institu . pp. III-1
   Google Scholar
• Ramirez , M . 1995/96 . “ Simulazione di combustori trapped vortex senza modelli di turbolenza ” . In Thesis , Aeronautical Engineering, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’ .
   Google Scholar
• Oliver , D and Hoviss , D . 1994 . Frattali, Principi, Tecniche, Programmi e Applicazioni , Milan : Jackson Libri .
   Google Scholar
• Spalart , P R and Allmaras , S R . 1994 . A one-equation turbulence model for aerodynamic flows . Rech. Aérospatiale , 1 : 5 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Chapman , D R and Kuhn , G D . 1986 . The limiting behaviour of turbulence near a wall . J. Fluid Mech. , 170 : 265 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sondak , D L and Pletcher , R H . 1995 . Application of wall functions to generalized nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems . AIAA J. , 33 ( 1 ) : 33 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Galperin , B and Orszag , S A . 1993 . Large Eddy Simulation of Complex Engineering and Geophysical Flows , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , B V and Bennett , J C . 1981 . Mass and momentum turbulent transport experiments with Confined coaxial jets . NASA Contractor Report, NASA, CR-165574, UTRC Report, R81-915540-9
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , B V and Bennett , J C . 1984 . Statistical characteristics of velocity, concentration, mass transport and momentum transport for coaxial jet mixing in a Confined duct . J. Gas Turbines Power , 106 : 121 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akselvoll , K and Moin , P . 1996 . Large-eddy simulation of turbulent Confined coannular jets . J. Fluid Mech. , 315 : 387 – 411 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam , C K G and Bremhorst , K . 1981 . A modified form of the k–ϵ model for predicting wall turbulence . Trans. ASME , 103 : 456 – 60 .
   Google Scholar