225
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Vicinal Diketone Production and Amino Acid Uptake by Two Active Dry Lager Yeasts during Beer Fermentation

, , &
Pages 138-144 | Published online: 01 Feb 2018

Literature Cited

  • American Society of Brewing Chemists. Methods of Analysis, 9th ed. Wort-12 Free amino nitrogen. The Society, St. Paul, MN, 2004.
  • Bamforth, C., and Kanauchi, M. Enzymology of vicinal diketone reduction in brewer's yeast. J. Inst. Brew. 110:83–93, 2004.
  • Bayrock, D., and Ingledew, W. M. Mechanism of viability loss during fluidized bed drying of baker's yeast. Food Res. Int. 30:417–425, 1997.
  • Beker, M., and Rapoport, A. Conservation of yeasts by dehydration. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol. 35:127–171, 1987.
  • Beker, M. J., Blumbergs, J. E., Ventina, E. J., and Rapoport, A. I. Characteristics of cellular membranes at rehydration of dehydrated yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 19:347–352, 1984.
  • Beudeler, R. F., van Dam, H. W., van der Plaat, J. B., and Vellenga, K. Development in baker's yeast production. In: Yeast—Biotechnology and Biocatalyst. H. Verachtert and R. De Mot, eds. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. Vol. 5, pp. 103–146, 1990.
  • Blanchette, M., van Bergen, B., and Sheppard, J. D. Development of a LC/MS method for analysis of total vicinal diketones in beer. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 65:70–76, 2007.
  • Boswell, C. D., Nienow, A. W., and Hewitt, C. J. Studies on the effect of mechanical agitation on the performance of brewing fermentations: Fermentation rate, yeast physiology, and development of flavor compounds. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 60:101–106, 2002.
  • Eleutheria, E. C. A., de Araujo, P. S., and Panek, A. D. Role of the trehalose carrier in dehydration resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1156:263–266, 1993.
  • Fels, S., Reckelbus, B., and Gosselin, Y. Dried yeasts—A truly multifunctional product. Cerevisia 24:17–20, 1999.
  • Felsher, A. R., Koch, R. B., and Larsen, R. A. The storage stability of vacuum-packed active dry yeast. Cereal Chem. 32:117–124, 1955.
  • Finn, D. A., and Stewart, G. G. Fermentation characteristics of dried brewers yeast: Effect of drying on flocculation and fermentation. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 60:135–139, 2002.
  • Gadd, G. M., Chalmers, K., and Reed, R. H. The role of trehalose in dehydration resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 48:249–254, 1987.
  • Gardner, W. S., and Miller, W. H. Reverse-phase liquid chromatographic analysis of amino acids after reaction with o-phthalaldehyde. Anal. Biochem. 101:61–65, 1980.
  • Inoue, T. The relationship between the performance of yeast and acetohydroxy acid formation during wort fermentation. Master Brew. Assoc. Am. Tech. Q. 17:62–65, 1981.
  • Inoue, T., and Yamamoto, Y. Diacetyl and beer fermentation. Proc. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 29:198–208, 1970.
  • Jones, M., and Pierce, J. Absorption of amino acids from wort by yeasts. J. Inst. Brew. 70:307–315, 1964.
  • Lie, S. The EBC-ninhydrin method for determination of free alpha-amino nitrogen. J. Inst. Brew. 79:37–41, 1973.
  • Meilgaard, M., Elizondo, A., and Moya, E. A study of carbonyl compounds in beer. Part II: Flavor and flavor thresholds of aldehydes and ketones added to beer. Master Brew. Assoc. Am. Tech. Q. 7:143–149, 1970.
  • Muller, R. E., Fels, S., and Gosselin, Y. Brewery fermentations with dried lager yeast. Proc. Congr. Eur. Brew. Conv. 26:431–438, 1997.
  • Palmqvist, U., and Äyräpää, T. Uptake of amino acids in bottom fermentations. J. Inst. Brew. 75:181–190, 1969.
  • Perpète, P., Santos, G., Bodart, E., and Collin, S. Uptake of amino acids during beer production: The concept of a critical time value. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 63:23–27, 2005.
  • Petersen, E. E., Margaritis, A., Stewart, R. J., Pilkington, P. H., and Mensour, N. A. The effects of wort valine concentration on the total diacetyl profile and levels late in batch fermentations with brewing yeast Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 62:131–139, 2004.
  • Roth, M. Fluorescence reaction for amino acids. Anal. Chem. 43:880–882, 1971.
  • Smart, K. A., Chambers, K. M., Lambert, I., Jenkins, C., and Smart, C. A. Use of methylene violet staining procedures to determine yeast viability and vitality. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 57:18–23, 1999.
  • van Bergen, B., Strasser, R., Cyr, N., Sheppard, J. D., and Jardim, A. α,β-Dicarbonyl reduction by Saccharomyces d-arabinose dehydrogenase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1760:1636–1645, 2006.
  • Wainwright, T. Diacetyl—A review. J. Inst. Brew. 79:451–470, 1973.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.