The effect of spectacle treatment in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: a pilot study

References

• Tagliaferri F, Compagnone C, Korsic M et al. A systematic review of brain injury epidemiology in Europe. Acta Neurochir 2006; 148: 255–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grabow JD, Offord KP, Rieder ME et al. The cost of head trauma in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1970‐74. Am J Public Health 1984; 74: 710–712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartvigsen J, Boyle E, Cassidy JD et al. Mild traumatic brain injury after motor vehicle collisions: what are the symptoms and who treats them? A population‐based 1‐year inception cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95: 286–294.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kraus J, Schaffer K, Ayers K et al. Physical complaints, medical service use and social and employment changes following mild traumatic brain injury: a 6‐month longitudinal study. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2005; 20: 239–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 1974; 2: 81–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassidy JD, Carroll LJ, Peloso PM et al. Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: results of the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Rehabil Med 2004: 43 Suppl: 28–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll LJ, Cassidy JD, Cancelliere C et al. Systematic review of the prognosis after mild traumatic brain injury in adults: cognitive, psychiatric and mortality outcomes: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95: 152–173.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cassidy JD, Cancelliere C, Carroll LJ et al. Systematic review of self‐reported prognosis in adults after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95: 132–151.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alexander MP. Mild traumatic brain injury: pathophysiology, natural history and clinical management. Neurology 1995; 45: 1253–1260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruff R. Two decades of advances in understanding of mild traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2005; 20: 5–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boake C, Mccauley SR, Levin HS et al. Diagnostic criteria for postconcussional syndrome after mild to moderate traumatic brain injury. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2005; 17: 350–356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laborey M, Masson F, Ribereau‐gayon R et al. Specificity of postconcussion symptoms at 3 months after mild traumatic brain injury: results from a comparative cohort study. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2014; 29: 28–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson sheese AL, Hammeke TA. Rehabilitation from postconcussion syndrome: nonpharmacological treatment. Prog Neurol Surg 2014; 28: 149–160.
   Google Scholar
• Nygren‐de boussard C, Holm LW, Cancelliere C et al. Nonsurgical interventions after mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. Results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95: 257–264.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alvarez TL, Kim EH, Vicci VR et al. Concurrent vision dysfunctions in convergence insufficiency with traumatic brain injury. Optom Vis Sci 2012; 89: 1740–1751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brahm KD, Wilgenburg HM, Kirby J et al. Visual impairment and dysfunction in combat‐injured servicemembers with traumatic brain injury. Optom Vis Sci 2009; 86: 817–825.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capo‐aponte JE, Urosevich TG, Temme LA et al. Visual dysfunctions and symptoms during the subacute stage of blast‐induced mild traumatic brain injury. Mil Med 2012; 177: 804–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciuffreda KJ, Kapoor N, Rutner D et al. Occurrence of oculomotor dysfunctions in acquired brain injury: a retrospective analysis. Optometry 2007; 78: 155–161.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goodrich GL, Flyg HM, Kirby JE et al. Mechanisms of TBI and visual consequences in military and veteran populations. Optom Vis Sci 2013; 90: 105–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green W, Ciuffreda KJ, Thiagarajan P et al. Accommodation in mild traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 2010; 47: 183–199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heitger MH, Anderson TJ, Jones RD et al. Eye movement and visuomotor arm movement deficits following mild closed head injury. Brain 2004; 127: 575–590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hokoda SC. General binocular dysfunctions in an urban optometry clinic. J Am Optom Assoc 1985; 56: 560–562.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lara F, Cacho P, Garcia A et al. General binocular disorders: prevalence in a clinic population. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2001; 21: 70–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magone MT, Kwon E, Shin SY. Chronic visual dysfunction after blast‐induced mild traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 2014; 51: 71–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porcar E, Martinez‐palomera A. Prevalence of general binocular dysfunctions in a population of university students. Optom Vis Sci 1997; 74: 111–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouse MW, Borsting E, Hyman L et al. Frequency of convergence insufficiency among fifth and sixth graders. The Convergence Insufficiency and Reading Study (CIRS) group. Optom Vis Sci 1999; 76: 643–649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szymanowicz D, Ciuffreda KJ, Thiagarajan P et al. Vergence in mild traumatic brain injury: a pilot study. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012; 49: 1083–1100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stelmack JA, Frith T, Van koevering D et al. Visual function in patients followed at a Veterans Affairs polytrauma network site: an electronic medical record review. Optometry 2009; 80: 419–424.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kraus J, Hsu P, Schaffer K et al. Preinjury factors and 3‐month outcomes following emergency department diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2009; 24: 344–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lannsjo M, af Geijerstam JL, Johansson U et al. Prevalence and structure of symptoms at 3 months after mild traumatic brain injury in a national cohort. Brain Inj 2009; 23: 213–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grisham JD, Simons HD. Refractive error and the reading process: a literature analysis. J Am Optom Assoc 1986; 57: 44–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grosvenor T. Are visual anomalies related to reading ability? J Am Optom Assoc 1977; 48: 510–517.
   Google Scholar
• Simons HD, Gassler PA. Vision anomalies and reading skill: a meta‐analysis of the literature. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1988; 65: 893–904.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Simons HD, Grisham JD. Binocular anomalies and reading problems. J Am Optom Assoc 1987; 58: 578–587.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Simons HD. An analysis of the role of vision anomalies in reading interference. Optom Vis Sci 1993; 70: 369–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson B, Berglund P, Ronnback L. Mental fatigue and impaired information processing after mild and moderate traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2009; 23: 1027–1040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raymond MJ, Bennett TL, Malia KB et al. Rehabilitation of visual processing deficits following brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 1996; 6: 229–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciuffreda KJ, Han Y, Kapoor N et al. Oculomotor rehabilitation for reading in acquired brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 2006; 21: 9–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han Y, Ciuffreda KJ, Kapoor N. Reading‐related oculomotor testing and training protocols for acquired brain injury in humans. Brain Res Brain Res Protoc 2004; 14: 1–12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thiagarajan P, Ciuffreda KJ, Capo‐aponte JE et al. Oculomotor neurorehabilitation for reading in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): an integrative approach. NeuroRehabilitation 2014; 34: 129–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jainta S, Blythe HI, Liversedge SP. Binocular advantages in reading. Curr Biol 2014; 24: 526–530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson J, Pansell T, Ygge J et al. The effect of contrast on monocular versus binocular reading performance. J Vis 2014; 14: 8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borsting EJ, Rouse MW, Mitchell GL et al. Validity and reliability of the revised convergence insufficiency symptom survey in children aged 9 to 18 years. Optom Vis Sci 2003; 80: 832–838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouse MW, Borsting EJ, Mitchell GL et al. Validity and reliability of the revised convergence insufficiency symptom survey in adults. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2004; 24: 384–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trauzettel‐klosinski S, Dietz K, Group IRS. Standardized assessment of reading performance: the New International Reading Speed Texts IReST. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012; 53: 5452–5461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson J, Pansell T, Ygge J et al. Monocular and binocular reading performance in subjects with normal binocular vision. Clin Exp Optom 2014; 97: 341–348.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayner K. Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychol Bull 1998; 124: 372–422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheiman M, Wick B. Clinical Management of Binocular Vision: Heterophoric, Accommodative and Eye Movement Disorders. 4th ed. ed. Pennsylvania, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Ciuffreda KJ. The scientific basis for and efficacy of optometric vision therapy in nonstrabismic accommodative and vergence disorders. Optometry 2002; 73: 735–762.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grisham DJ, Sheppard MM, Tran WU. Visual symptoms and reading performance. Optom Vis Sci 1993; 70: 384–391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenfield M, Hue JE, Huang RR et al. The effects of induced oblique astigmatism on symptoms and reading performance while viewing a computer screen. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2012; 32: 142–148.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiagarajan P, Ciuffreda KJ. Effect of oculomotor rehabilitation on vergence responsivity in mild traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 2013; 50: 1223–1240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiagarajan P, Ciuffreda KJ. Versional eye tracking in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): effects of oculomotor training (OMT). Brain Inj 2014; 28: 930–943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadav NK, Thiagarajan P, Ciuffreda KJ. Effect of oculomotor vision rehabilitation on the visual‐evoked potential and visual attention in mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2014; 28: 922–929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar