Comparison of pain during intravitreal dexamethasone, ranibizumab and aflibercept injection

REFERENCES

• Yau JW, Rogers SL, Kawasaki R et al. META‐analysis for EyeDisease (META‐EYE) study group global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 556–564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy M, Kaiser‐kupfer M. Second eye involvement in age‐related macular degeneration: a four‐year prospective study. Eye (Lond) 1990; 4: 813–818.
   Google Scholar
• Rehak M, Wiedemann P. Retinal vein thrombosis: pathogenesis and management. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8: 1886–1894.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holash J, Davis S, Papadopoulos N et al. VEGF‐Trap: a VEGF blocker with potent anti tumor effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99: 11393–11398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korobelnik JF, Do DV, Schmidt‐erfurth U et al. Intravitreal aflibercept for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2014; 121: 2247–2254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heier JS, Brown DM, Chong V et al. Intravitreal aflibercept (VEGF Trap‐Eye) in wet age‐related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 2012; 119: 2537–2548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korobelnik JF, Holz FG, Roider J et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for macular edema resulting from central retinal vein occlusion: one‐year results of the phase 3 GALILEO study. Ophthalmology 2014; 121: 202–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• London NJ, Chiang A, Haller JA. The dexamethasone drug delivery system: indications and evidence. Adv Ther 2011; 28: 351–366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen QD, Brown DM, Marcus DM et al. Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: results from 2 phase III randomized trials: RISE and RIDE. Ophthalmology 2012; 119: 789–801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld PJ, Brown DM, Heier JS et al. Ranibizumab for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 1419–1431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DM, Campochiaro PA, Singh RP et al. Ranibizumab for macular edema following central retinal vein occlusion: six‐month primary end point results of a phase III study. Ophthalmology 2010; 117: 1124–1133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed MD, Van nostran W. Assessing pain intensity with the visual analog scale: a plea for uniformity. J Clin Pharmacol 2014; 54: 241–244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslankurt M, Aslan L, Başkan AM et al. Pain and cooperation in patients having dominant‐side or nondominant‐side phacoemulsification. J Cataract Refract Surg 2014; 40: 199–202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanabria MR, Montero JA, Losada MV et al. Ocular pain after intravitreal injection. Curr Eye Res 2013; 38: 278–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues EB, Grumann A Jr, Penha FM et al. Effect of needle type and injection technique on pain level and vitreal reflux in intravitreal injection. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2011; 27: 197–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Güler M, Bilgin B, Capkin M et al. Assessment of patient pain experience during intravitreal 27‐gauge bevacizumab and 30‐gauge ranibizumab injection. Korean J Ophthalmol 2015; 29: 190–194.
   Google Scholar
• Knecht PB, Michels S, Sturm V et al. Tunnelled versus straight intravitreal injection: intra ocular pressure changes, vitreous reflux, and patient discomfort. Retina 2009; 29: 1175–1181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moisseieve E, Regenbogen M, Rabinovitch T et al. Evaluation of pain during intravitreal Ozurdex injections vsintravitrealbevacizumab injections. Eye (Lond) 2014; 28: 980–985.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rifkin L, Schaal S. Factors affecting patients' pain intensity during in office intravitreal injection procedure. Retina 2012; 32: 696–700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moisseiev E, Regenbogen M, Bartfeld Y et al. Evaluation of pain in intravitreal bevacizumab injections. Curr Eye Res 2012; 37: 813–817.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massamba N, Elluard M, Agoune W et al. Assessment of ocular pain following ranibizumab intravitreal injection. Acta Ophthalmol 2015; 93: 231–232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paller CJ, Campbell CM, Edwards RR et al. Sex‐based differences in pain perception and treatment. Pain Med 2009; 10: 289–299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doguizi S, Sekeroglu MA, Inanc M et al. Evaluation of pain during intravitreal aflibercept injections. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 28: 63–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He J, Bazan NG, Bazan HE. Mapping the entire human corneal nerve architecture. Exp Eye Res 2010; 91: 513–523.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar