- Taylor , G. R . 1951 . “ The Transportation Revolution, 1815–1860 ” . In Economic History of the United States , Volume IV , 132 – 135 . 149 – 152 . New York : Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc. .
- Borchert , J. R . 1967 . American Metropolitan Evolution . Geographical Review , 57 : 315
- Albion , R. G . 1939 . The Rise of the New York Port, 1815–1860 , 55 – 75 . New York : Charles Scribner's Sons .
- U.S. Department of the Interior . 1865 . Manufactures of the United States in 1860 , Washington D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office . compiled from the Eighth Census
- U.S. Department of the Interior . 1864 . Population of the United States in 1860 , 318 Washington D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office . compiled from the Eighth Census
- Ward , D . 1971 . Cities and Immigrants: A Geography of Change in Nineteenth-Century America , 78 New York : Oxford University Press .
- Goheen , P. G . 1970 . Victorian Toronto 1850–1890 , Chicago : University of Chicago . Department of Geography Research Paper No. 127
- 8 D Ward op. cit. p 108
- Wolfe , A. B . 1913 . The Lodging House Problem in Boston , Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press .
- 10 Newark Daily Advertiser Newark, N. J. 1859–1860 Issues were sampled at random
- 11 W Boyd compiler Boyd's Business Directory Newark, N. J. 1860
- 12 B. T Pierson compiler Directory of the City of Newark Newark, N. J. annual 1850–1860
- 13 P. G Goheen op. cit. pp 7 9
- Warner , S. B . 1968 . The Private City, Philadelphia in Three Periods of Its Growth , 196 Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press . and Streetcar Suburbs (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962), p. 14
- 15 A. B Wolfe op. cit. p 5 distinguishes between the boarding house where the boarder eats and sleeps in the same place” and the lodging or rooming house where “the lodger or ‘roomer' sleeps in one place and ‘takes his meals out In Newark no such distinction is made on the census manuscript and both are lumped under the heading of boarding house
- Dixon , W. T , ed. 1969 . Biomedical Computer Programs , Berkeley, Calif. : University of California Press . Program 03M was used for the computation
- 17 Newark Common Council The City Charter and Ordinances of the City of Newark Newark, N. J. 1858
- 18 A. B Wolfe op. cit. pp 20 21 p 87
The Professional Geographer
Volume 27, 1975 - Issue 2