Crime Creep: Urban and Suburban Crime on Local Tv News

References

• All Things Considered. February 23, 1995. Texas group offers bounty for killing criminals. National Public Radio, Transcript #1767, Segment #10.
   Google Scholar
• Atwater, T. 1984. Product differentiation in local tv news. Journalism Quarterly, 64, 757–762.
   Google Scholar
• Atwater, T. 1986. Consonance in local television news. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 30 (4), 467–472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aubrun, A., & Grady, J. 2000. Aliens in the living room: How tv shapes our understanding of teens. Frameworks Institute: Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Barak, G. 1994. Between the waves: Mass-mediated themes of crime and justice. Social Justice, 21 (3), 133–147.
   Google Scholar
• Barak, G. (Ed.). 1995. Media, process and the social construction of crime. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, W. L. 1996. News: The politics of illusion(3rd ed.). White Plains: Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, B. 1991, October 23. In Del., killers really can get away with murder. Wilmington News Journal, p. B1.
   Google Scholar
• Budzilowicz, L. 2002. Framing responsibility on local television news. University of Delaware, Newark, DE: Local TV News Media Project.
   Google Scholar
• Bureau of the Census. 1990a. U.S. Gazetteer. Available http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/gazetteer[January 2004].
   Google Scholar
• Bureau of the Census. 1990b. Land area, population, and density for places: 1990. Available: http://www.census.gov/population/www/censusdata/places.html[October 2004].
   Google Scholar
• Burgess, J. A. 1985. News from nowhere: The press, the riots and the myth of the inner city. InJ. Burgess & J. R. Gold (Eds.), Geography, the city and popular culture(pp. 192–228). New York: St. Martin’s Press.
   Google Scholar
• Caddell, T. 1991, October 23. Outcome called outrageous. Wilmington News Journal, pp. A1, A7.
   Google Scholar
• Chermak, S. 1994. Body count news: How crime is presented in the news media. Justice Quarterly, 11 (4), pp. 561–582.
   Google Scholar
• Chermak, S. 1995. Victims in the news: Crime and the American news media. Boulder: Westview Press.
   Google Scholar
• Children Now. 2001. The local television news media’s picture of children. Oakland, CA: Children Now.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. 1975. A comparison of crime coverage in Detroit and Atlanta. Journalism Quarterly, 52 (4), pp. 726–730.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cottle, S. 1993. TV news, urban conflict and the inner city. London: Leicester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cummings, G. 1987. The watershed at local TV news. Gannett Center Journal: The Business of News, 1 (1), 40–51.
   Google Scholar
• Dahlgren, P. 1988. Crime news: The fascination of the mundane. European Journal of Communication, 3, 189–206.
   Google Scholar
• Dean, L., & Brady, L. A. 2002. After 9/11, has anything changed? Columbia Journalism Review, November/December, 94–95.
   Google Scholar
• Dominick, J. R., Wurtzel, A., & Lometi, G. 1975. Television journalism vs. show business. Journalism Quarterly, 52, 213–218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorfman, L., & Shiraldi, V. 2001. Off balance: Youth, race & crime in the news. Oakland, CA: Building Blocks for Youth.
   Google Scholar
• Dowler, K. 2003. Media consumption and public attitudes toward crime and justice: The relationship between fear of crime, punitive attitudes, and perceived police effectiveness. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture, 10 (2), 109–126.
   Google Scholar
• Epstein, E. 1973. News from nowhere: Television and the news. New York: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Ericson, R. V. 1990. Mass media, crime, law and justice: An institutional approach. Paper delivered at the annual meeting of the Law and Society Association, Berkeley, California.
   Google Scholar
• Executive Office of the President, Office of National Drug Control Policy. 1996. Consult with America: A look at how Americans view the country’s drug problem. Washington, DC: Office of National Drug Control Policy.
   Google Scholar
• Flanagan, T. J., & Longmire, D. R. (Eds.). 1996. Americans view crime and justice: A national public opinion survey. Beverly Hill: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Gallup Poll. 2002. An independent, nonpartisan resource on trends in American public opinion. Available: http://www.pollingreport.com[October 2003].
   Google Scholar
• Gans, H. 1979. Deciding what’s news. New York: Pantheon.
   Google Scholar
• Garoogian, D. (Ed.)2000. Crime in America’s top-rated cities, 2000. Lakeville, CT: Grey House Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Gilliam, F. D., Jr., & Iyengar, S. 1998. The crime script on local television news. Collaborative News. Available: http://www.kidscampaigns.org/cac/sites/[July 1998].
   Google Scholar
• Glassner, B. 1999. The culture of fear: Why Americans are afraid of the wrong things: Crime, drugs, minorities, teen moms, killer kids, mutant microbes, plane crashes, road rage and so much more. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Graber, D. 1980. Crime news and the public. Chicago: Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• Graber, D. 1988. Processing the news: How people tame the information tide(2nd ed.). New York: Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield, J. 1987. Making tv news pay. Gannett Center Journal: The Business of News, 1 (1), 21–39.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, Peter D. Research Associates, Inc. 2001. Changing public attitudes toward the criminal justice system. Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. Open Society Institute: Building a Global Alliance for Open Society. Available: http://www.soros.org/initiatives/justice/articles_publications/publications/hartpoll_20020201[August 2004].
   Google Scholar
• Iyengar, S., & Kinder, D. R. 1987. News that matters. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kaniss, P. 1991. Making local news. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kaniss, P. 1995. The media and the mayor’s race: The failure of urban political reporting. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Katz, J. 1987. What makes crime news? Media, Culture and Society, 9, pp. 47–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klite, P., Bardwell, R. A., & Salzman, J. 1997. Local tv news: Getting away with murder. Press/Politics, 2 (2), 102–112.
   Google Scholar
• Klite, P., Bardwell, R. A., & Salzman, J. 1998. Not in the public interest: Local news in America, 3/11/98. Denver: Rocky Mountain Media Watch.
   Google Scholar
• Krippendorff, K. 1980. Content analysis. Beverly Hills: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Lesser, W. 1993. Pictures at an execution: An inquiry into the subject of murder. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lotz, R. E. 1991. Crime and the American press. New York: Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• McManus, J. H. 1994. Market-driven journalism: Let the citizen beware. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Media Access Project. 2003. Media consolidation: Encouraging diversity of the electronic media. Available: http://mediaaccess.org/programs/diversity[August 2003].
   Google Scholar
• Media Studies Center. 1997. Newseum survey on attitudes toward the media. Available: http://mediastudies.org/tvsur/html. [December 1997].
   Google Scholar
• Meyers, M. 1997. News coverage of violence against women: Engendering blame. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, M. C. 1998. It’s a crime: The economic impact of the local tv news in Baltimore, a study of attitudes and economics. New York: Project on Media Ownership.
   Google Scholar
• Morris, N. 1997. Crime, the media and our public discourse. In National Institute of Justice, Perspectives on crime and justice: 1996–1997 lecture series, Vol. 1(pp. 99–121). Available: http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles/166609.pdf[September 2004].
   Google Scholar
• Murdock, G., & Golding, P. 1996. As quoted in L. Bennett. News: The politics of illusion(3rd ed.), p.193. White Plains: Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Newport, F., & Saad, L. 1998. A matter of trust. American Journalism Review, July/Aug, 30–33.
   Google Scholar
• NewsLab Research. 1999. The shrinking audience for local tv news. Available: http://www.newslab.org/nonview-1.htm[April 2001].
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen Media Research. 2004. DMA maps and market data on CD, 2003–2004. New York: Nielsen Media Research.
   Google Scholar
• Padilla, A. (Reporter). 1998, April 27. Student attacked. WMAQ, NBC5. Chicago.
   Google Scholar
• Page, B. 1996. Who deliberates? Mass media in modern democracy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Parenti, M. 1986. Inventing reality: The politics of the mass media. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pastore, A. L., & Maguire, K. (Eds.). 2001 Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics. Available: http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook[August 2003].
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, T. 1993. Out of order. New York: Alfred E. Knopf.
   Google Scholar
• Pew Center for the People and the Press. 1998. Internet news takes off. Biennial News Consumption Survey. Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Pritchard, D. 1994. Homicide and bargained justice: The agenda-setting effect of crime news on prosecutors. InD. Graber (Ed.), Media power in politics(3rd ed.), (pp. 313–324). Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
   Google Scholar
• Radio-Television News Directors Association and Foundation. 2001. Americans rely on local television news. Available: http://www.rtndaf.org/research/judg.shmtl[April 2001].
   Google Scholar
• Rapping, E. 1987. The looking glass world of non-fiction tv. Boston: South End Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schlesinger, P., & Tumber, H., (Eds.)1994. Reporting crime: The media politics of criminal justice. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shumway, C. 2003. News media, corporate power and democracy. Available: http://chris.shumway.tripod.com/newsmedia.htm[January 2003].
   Google Scholar
• Snyder, R. W. 1992. Glimpses of gotham. Media Studies Journal: Crime Story, 6 (1), 195–206.
   Google Scholar
• Surette, R., (Ed.). 1984. Justice and the media. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
   Google Scholar
• Surette, R. 1998. Media, crime, and criminal justice: Images and realities(2nd.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co.
   Google Scholar
• Tuchman, G. 1978. Making news: A study in the construction of reality. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Justice. 1996. Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics, 1995. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. 2002. Recidivism in prisoners released in 1994, special report NCJ 193427. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
   Google Scholar
• Westin, A. 1982. Newswatch: How tv decides the news. New York: Simon and Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Windhauser, J. W., Seiter, J., & Winfree, L. T. 1990. Crime news in the Louisiana press, 1980 vs. 1985. Journalism Quarterly, 67, 72–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar