Presbyopia – effect of refractive index

References

• Koretz JF, Handelman GH. Model of the accommodative mechanism in the human eye. Vision Res 1982;22:917–927.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koretz JF, Handelman GH. A model for accommodation in the young human eye: the effects of lens elastic aniso‐trophy on the mechanism. Vision Res 1983;23:1679–1686.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman DJ. Unified model for accommodative mechanism. Am J Opthalmol 1970;69:1063–1079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher RF. Elastic constants of the human lens capsule. J Physiol 1969a;201:1–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher RF. The significance of the shape of the lens and capsular energy changes in accommodation. J Physiol 1969b;201:21–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher RF. The elastic constants of the human lens. J Physiol 1971;212:147–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher RF, Pettet BE. Presbyopia and the water content of the human crystalline lens. J Physiol 1973;234:443–447.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maraini G., Fasella P.. Reversible binding of soluble lens proteins to lens fibre ghosts. ExpEyeRes 1970;10:133–139.
   Google Scholar
• Bracchi PG, Carta F., Fasella P., Maraini G.. Selective binding of aged a‐crystallin to lens fibre ghosts. Exp Eye Res 1971;12:151–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broekhuyse RM, Kuhlmann ED. Lens membranes IV. Preparative isolation and characterization of membranes and various membrane proteins from calf lens. ExpEyeRes 1978;26:305–320.
   Google Scholar
• Nordmann J., Mack G, Mack, G.. Nucleus of the human lens. III. Its separation, its hardness. OphthalRes 1974;6:216–222.
   Google Scholar
• Nakajima A.. Refractive elements of the eye as metric traits. Acta Soc Ophthal Jap 1968;72:2059–2082.
   Google Scholar
• Howcroft MJ, Parker J A.. Aspheric curvatures for the human lens. Vision Res 1977;17:1217–1223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe RF, Clark BAJ. Radius of curvature of the anterior lens surface. Correlations in normal eyes and in eyes involved with primary angle‐closure glaucoma. Brit J Ophthal 1973;57:471–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown N.. The change in lens curvature with age. Exp Eve Res 1974;19:175–183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scammon RE, Wilmer HA. Growth of the components of the human eyeball. Arch Ophthal 1950;43:620–637.
   Google Scholar
• Weekers R., Delmarcelle Y., Luyckx‐bacus J., Collignon J.. Morphological changes of the lens with age and cataract. In: The Human Lens in relation to Cataract. CIBA Found. Symp. 19, Elsevier North‐Holland (Amsterdam), 25–41, 1983.
   Google Scholar
• Niesel P.. Visible changes of the lens with age. Trans Ophthal Soc UK 1982; 102, 327–330.
   Google Scholar
• Weale RA. Sex, age and the birefringence of the human crystalline lens. Exp Eye Re.s 1979;29:449–461.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell MCW. Measurement of refractive index in an intact crystalline lens. Vision Res 1984;24:409–415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierscionek BK, Chan DYC, Ennis J., Smith G., Augusteyn RC. Nondestructive method of constructing three‐dimensional gradient index models for crystalline lenses: 1. Theory and Experiment. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1988;65:481–491.
   Google Scholar
• Fagerholm PP, Philipson BT, Lindström B.. Normal human lens, the distribution of protein. Exp Eye Res 1981;33:615–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer DA, Sivak J.. Crystalline lens dispersion. J Opt Soc Am 1981;71:780–782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakao S., Ono T., Nagata R., Iwata K.. Model of refractive indices in the human crystalline lens. Jap J Clin Ophthal 1969;23:903–906.
   Google Scholar
• Satoh K.. Age‐related changes in the structural proteins of human lens. Exp Eye Res 1972;14:53–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Heyningen R.. The human lens. III. Some observations on the post‐mortem lens. ExpEyeRes 1973;13:155–160.
   Google Scholar
• Bours J., Fodisch HJ, Hockwin O.. Age‐related changes in water and crystallin content of the fetal and adult human lens, demonstrated by a microsection‐ing technique. Ophthal Res 1987;19:235–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lahm D., Lee LK, Bettelheim FA. Age dependence of freezable and non‐freezable water content of normal human lenses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1985;26:1162–1165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown N.. Lens change with age and cataract. In: The Human Lens in Relation to cataract. CIBA Found. Symp. 19, Elsevier North‐Holland (Amsterdam), 65–78, 1973.
   Google Scholar
• Patnaik B.. A photographic study of accommodative mechanisms: changes in lens nucleus during accommodation. Invest Ophthalmol 1963;6:601–611.
   Google Scholar
• Brown N.. The change in shape and internal form of the lens of the eye on accommodation. ExpEyeRes 1973;15:441–459.
   Google Scholar
• Duncan G.. Relative permeabilities of the lens membranes to sodium and potassium. Exp Eye Res 1969;8:315–325.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierscionek B., Smith G., Augusteyn RC. The refractive increments of bovine a‐, b‐ and g‐crystallins. Vision Res 1987;27:1539–1541.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duke‐elder S.. System of Ophthalmology Vol. II. Kimpton: London, 309–313,1961.
   Google Scholar
• Ehlers N., Matthiessen E., Anderson H.. The prenatal growth of the human eye. Acta Ophthalmol 1968;46:329–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philipson B.. Distribution of protein within the normal rat lens. Invest Ophthalmol 1969;8:258–270.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sivak JG, Dovrat A.. Embryonic lens of the human eye as an optical structure. Am J Optom Physiol Opt 1987;64:599–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• François J.. Lens cataractes congeni‐tales. Rapport Soc Fr Ophthalmol 1959;72:38–52.
   Google Scholar
• Miranda MN. The geographic factor in the onset of presbyopia. TrAm Ophthal Soc 1979;77:603–621.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar