References
- Adler , J. 1989 . Origins of sightseeing . Annals of Tourism Research , 16 : 7 – 29 .
- Ames , M. 1906 . From a New England woman's diary in Dixie in 1865 , Springfield, MA : The Plimpton Press .
- Anderson , K. and Domosh , M. 2002 . North American spaces/postcolonial stories . Cultural Geographies , 9 : 125 – 28 .
- Andrews , S. 1866 . The South since the war: As shown by fourteen weeks of travel and observation in Georgia and the Carolinas , Boston : Ticknor and Fields .
- Ayers , E. L. 1992 . The promise of the New South: Life after Reconstruction , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Ayers , E. L. 1995 . Narrating the New South . Journal of Southern History , 61 (3) : 555 – 66 .
- Ayers , E. L. 1996 . “ What we talk about when we talk about the South ” . In All over the map: Rethinking American regions , Edited by: Ayers , E. L. , Limerick , P. N. , Nissenbaum , S. and Onuf , P. S. 82 Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press .
- Balkun , M. M. 1998 . Sarah Kemble Knight and the construction of the American self . Women's Studies , 28 (1) : 7 – 27 .
- Bederman , G. 1995 . Manliness and civilization: A cultural history of gender and race in the United States, 1880–1917 , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
- Behdad , A. 1994 . Belated travelers: Orientalism in the age of colonial dissolution , Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
- Bhabha , H. K. 1986 . “ Signs taken for wonders: Questions of ambivalence and authority under a tree outside Delhi, May 1817 ” . In “Race,” writing, and difference , Edited by: Gates , H. L. Jr. 84 Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
- Bhabha , H. K. 1990 . “ The other question: Difference, discrimination and the discourses of colonialism ” . In Out there: Marginalization and contemporary culture , Edited by: Ferguson , R. , Gever , M. , Minh-ha , T. T. and West , C. 88 New York : New Museum of Contemporary Arts and MIT Press .
- Blunt , A. 1994a . “ Mapping authorship and authority: Reading Mary Kingsley's landscape descriptions ” . In Writing women and space: Colonial and postcolonial geographies , Edited by: Blunt , A. and Rose , G. 72 New York : Guilford Press .
- Blunt , A. 1994b . Travel, gender, and imperialism: Mary Kingsley and West Africa , New York : Guilford Press .
- Blunt , A. 1999 . “ The flight from Lucknow: British women travelling and writing home, 1857–8 ” . In Writes of passage: Reading travel writing , Edited by: Duncan , J. and Gregory , D. 113 London : Routledge .
- Blunt , A. and Rose , G. 1994a . “ Introduction: Women's colonial and postcolonial geographies ” . In Writing women and space: Colonial and postcolonial geographies , Edited by: Blunt , A. and Rose , G. 25 New York : Guilford Press .
- Blunt , A. and Rose , G. 1994b . Writing women and space: Colonial and postcolonial geographies , New York : Guilford Press .
- Botume , E. H. 1893/1968 . First days amongst the contrabands , New York : Arno Press and the New York Times .
- Braun , B. 2002 . Colonialism's afterlife: Vision and visuality on the Northwest coast . Cultural Geographies , 9 : 202 – 47 .
- Brown , R. H. 1948 . Historical geography of the United States , New York : Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc .
- Carlton , D. L. 1995 . “ How American is the American South? ” . In The South as an American problem , Edited by: Griffin , L. J. and Doyle , D. H. 33 – 56 . Athens : University of Georgia Press .
- Carter , P. 1987 . The road to Botany Bay: An essay in spatial history , London : Faber and Faber .
- Chaplin , J. E. 1995 . “ Climate and Southern pessimism: The natural history of an idea, 1500–1800 ” . In The South as an American problem , Edited by: Griffin , L. J. and Doyle , D. H. 82 Athens : University of Georgia Press .
- Cimbala , P. A. 1989 . The freedmen's bureau, the freedmen, and Sherman's grant in reconstruction, 1865–1867 . The Journal of Southern History , 55 (4) : 597 – 632 .
- Clark , T. D. 1962 . Travels in the New South: A bibliography. Volume 1. The postwar South, 1865–1900: An era of reconstruction and readjustment , Norman : University of Oklahoma Press .
- Clayton , D. 2000 . The creation of imperial space in the Pacific Northwest . Journal of Historical Geography , 26 (3) : 237 – 350 .
- Clinton , C. 1992 . Bloody terrain: Freedwomen, sexuality and violence during reconstruction . The Georgia Historical Quarterly , 76 (2) : 313 – 32 .
- Cobb , J. C. 2000 . An epitaph for the North: Reflections on the politics of regional and national identity at the millennium . The Journal of Southern History , 66 (1) : 3 – 24 .
- Comaroff , J. 1997 . “ The empire's old clothes: Fashioning the colonial subject ” . In Situated lives: Gender and culture in everyday lives , Edited by: Lamphere , L. , Ragone , H. and Zavella , P. 19 New York : Routledge .
- Currie-McDaniel , R. 1992 . Northern women in the South, 1860–1880 . The Georgia Historical Quarterly , 76 (2) : 284 – 312 .
- De Forest , J. W. “ 1948/1968 ” . In A Union officer in the Reconstruction , Edited by: Croushore , J. H. and Potter , D. M. New Haven, CT : Archon Books Press .
- Degler , C. N. 1987 . Thesis, antithesis, synthesis: The South, the North, and the nation . The Journal of Southern History , 53 (1) : 3 – 18 .
- Dodge , M. A. and Hamilton) , (G. 1867 . Wool-gathering , Boston : Ticknor and Fields .
- Domke , D. 1996 . The press and “delusive theories of equality and fraternity” in the age of emancipation . Critical Studies in Mass Communication , 13 : 228 – 50 .
- Domosh , M. 1991 . Towards a feminist historiography of geography . Transactions of the Institute of British Geography , 16 (1) : 95 – 104 . NS
- Domosh , M. 2002 . A ‘civilized’ commerce: Gender, ‘race,’ and empire at the 1893 Chicago exposition . Cultural Geographies , 9 : 181 – 201 .
- Donaldson , S. V. 1999 . A symposium: The business of inventing the South . The Mississippi Quarterly , 52 (4) : 662 – 69 .
- Duncan , J. and Gregory , D. 1999a . “ Introduction ” . In Writes of passage: Reading travel writing , Edited by: Duncan , J. and Gregory , D. 13 London : Routledge .
- Duncan , J. and Gregory , D. 1999b . Writes of passage: Reading travel writing , London : Routledge .
- Dyer , R. 1988 . White . Screen , 29 : 44 – 64 .
- Dyer , R. 1996 . “ Into the light: The whiteness of the South in The Birth of a Nation ” . In Dixie debates: Perspectives on southern cultures , Edited by: King , R. H. and Taylor , H. 76 London : Pluto Press .
- Dyer , R. 1997 . White , London : Routledge .
- Eacker , S. A. 1998 . Gender in paradise: Harriet Beecher Stowe and postbellum prose on Florida . The Journal of Southern History , 64 (3) : 495 – 512 .
- Fannin , M. 2003 . Labor's promised land:Radical visions of gender, race, and religion in the South , Knoxville : University of Tennessee Press .
- Foster , G. M. “ 1987 ” . In Ghosts of the Confederacy: Defeat, the Lost Cause, and the emergence of the New South, 1865 to 1913 , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Grantham , D. W. “ 1994/2001 ” . In The South in modern America: A region at odds , Fayetteville : University of Arkansas Press .
- Gray , R. 1986 . Writing the South: Ideas of an American region , Cambridge, , U.K. : Cambridge University Press .
- Gray , R. 1996 . “ Negotiating differences: Southern culture(s) now ” . In Dixie debates: Perspectives on southern cultures , Edited by: King , R. H. and Taylor , H. 27 London : Pluto Press .
- Gray , R. 1999 . “ Recorded and unrecorded histories: Recent Southern writing and social change ” . In The southern state of mind , Edited by: Gretlund , J. N. 79 Columbia : University of South Carolina Press .
- Green , J. P. 1880 . Recollections of the inhabitants, localities, superstitions, and Ku Klux outrages of the Carolinas. By a “carpet-bagger” who was born and lived there Cleveland
- Greeson , J. R. 1999 . The figure of the South and the nationalizing imperatives of early United States literature . The Yale Journal of Criticism , 12 (2) : 209 – 48 .
- Gregory , D. 1995 . Between the book and the lamp: Imaginative geographies of Egypt, 1849–1850 . Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers , 20 : 29 – 57 . NS
- Gretlund , J. N. 1999 . “ Editor's introduction: Present state of Southern mind ” . In The southern state of mind , Edited by: Gretlund , J. N. xvii Columbia : University of South Carolina Press .
- Griffin , L. J. 1995 . “ Why was the South a problem to America? ” . In The South as an American problem , Edited by: Griffith , L. J. and Doyle , D. H. 10 – 32 . Athens : University of Georgia Press .
- Hahn , S. 1997 . “Extravagant expectations” of freedom: Rumour, political struggle, and the Christmas insurrection scare of 1865 in the American South . Past and Present , 157 : 122 – 58 .
- Hall , J. D. 1998 . Open secrets: Memory, imagination, and the refashioning of Southern identity . American Quarterly , 50 (1) : 109 – 24 .
- Harris , A. B. 1967 . The South as seen by travelers, 1865–1880 , Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina . PhD diss.
- Hill , C. E. and Beaver , P. D. , eds. 1998 . Cultural diversity in the U.S. South: Anthropological contributions to a region in transition , Athens : University of Georgia Press .
- Hobson , F. 1983 . Tell about the South: The southern rage to explain , Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press .
- Hobson , F. 1985 . The savage South: An inquiry into the origins, endurance, and presumed demise of an image . Virginia Quarterly Review , 61 (3) : 377 – 95 .
- Hoge , P. H. and Bayne , H. R. 1879 . The travels of ego and alter, an epistolary narrative of a tramp through the Old Dominion , Richmond, VA : West, Johnston, and Co .
- Inscoe , J. C. 1995 . “ Race and racism in nineteenth-century Southern Appalachia: Myths, realities, and ambiguities ” . In Appalachia in the making: The mountain South in the nineteenth century , Edited by: Pudup , M. B. , Billings , D. B. and Waller , A. L. 31 Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press .
- Jacobs , J. M. 1996 . Edge of empire: Postcolonialism and the city , London : Routledge .
- Jansson , D. R. 2003 . Internal Orientalism in America: W. J. Cash's The mind of the South and the spatial construction of American national identity . Political Geography , 22 (3) : 293 – 316 .
- Jones , A. G. 1999 . A symposium: The business of inventing the South . The Mississippi Quarterly , 52 (4) : 674 – 85 .
- Jones , J. 1992 . Encounters, likely and unlikely, between black and poor white women in the rural South, 1865–1940 . Georgia Historical Quarterly , 76 (2) : 333 – 53 .
- Joyner , C. 1996 . “ African and European roots of southern culture: The “central theme” revisited ” . In Dixie debates: Perspectives on southern cultures , Edited by: King , R. H. and Taylor , H. 30 London : Pluto Press .
- Kaplan , A. 1993a . “ Black and blue on San Juan Hill ” . In Cultures of United States imperialism , Edited by: Kaplan , A. and Pease , D. E. 36 Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
- Kaplan , A. 1993b . “Left alone with America”: The absence of empire in the study of American culture ” . In Cultures of United States imperialism , Edited by: Kaplan , A. and Pease , D. E. 21 Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
- Kaplan , A. and Pease , D. E. , eds. 1993 . Cultures of United States imperialism , Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
- Kay , J. 1997 . “ Sweet surrender, but what's the gender? Nature and the body in the writings of nineteenth-century Mormon women ” . In Thresholds in feminist geography: Difference, methodology, representation , Edited by: Jones , J. P. III , Nast , H. J. and Roberts , S. M. 82 Lanham, MD : Rowman and Littlefield .
- Kearns , G. 1997 . The imperial subject: Geography and travel in the work of Mary Kingsley and Halford Mackinder . Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers , 22 (4) : 450 – 72 . NS
- King , C. R. 2000 . “ Introduction: Dislocating postcoloniality, relocating American empire ” . In Postcolonial America , Edited by: King , C. R. 17 Urbana : University of Illinois Press .
- King , E. S. 1875 . The great South: A record of journeys in Louisiana, Texas, the Indian Territory, Missouri, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland , Hartford, CT : American Publishing Company .
- Koeniger , A. C. 1988 . Climate and southern distinctiveness . Journal of Southern History , 54 (1) : 21 – 44 .
- Kolodny , A. 1975 . The lay of the land: Metaphors as experience and history in American life and letters , Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press .
- Kolodny , A. 1984 . The land before her: Fantasy and experience of the American frontiers, 1630–1860 , Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press .
- Loomba , A. 1998 . Colonialism/postcolonialism , London : Routledge .
- Magdol , E. 1977 . A right to the land: Essays on the Freedmen's community , Westport, CT : Greenwood Press .
- Martin , R. A. 1976 . Petals plucked from sunny climes , Sylvia Sunshine. Bicentennial Floridiana Facsimile Series. xiii – xxix . Gainesville : University Presses of Florida . Introduction.
- Massey , D. 1994 . Space, place, and gender , Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press .
- McClintock , A. 1995 . Imperial leather: Race, gender and sexuality in the colonial contest , New York : Routledge .
- McEwan , C. 1994 . “ Encounters with West African women: Textual representations of difference by white women abroad ” . In Writing women and space: Colonial and postcolonial geographies , Edited by: Blunt , A. and Rose , G. 100 New York : Guilford Press .
- McEwan , C. 1996 . Paradise or pandemonium? West African landscapes in the travel accounts of Victorian women . Journal of Historical Geography , 22 (1) : 68 – 83 .
- Meinig , D. W. 1998 . The shaping of America: A geographical perspective on 500 years of history. Volume 3: Transcontinental America 1850–1915 , New Haven, CT : Yale University Press .
- Memmi , A. 1967/1991 . The colonizer and the colonized , Boston : Beacon Press .
- Merchant , C. 1995 . “ Reinventing Eden: Western culture as a recovery narrative ” . In Uncommon ground: Toward reinventing nature , Edited by: Cronon , W. 59 New York : W. W. Norton and Company .
- Metwalli , A. M. 1979 . “ American abroad: The popular art of travel writing in the nineteenth century ” . In America: Exploration and travel , Edited by: Kagle , S. E. 82 Bowling Green : Bowling Green State University Popular Press .
- Mills , S. 1991 . Discourses of difference: An analysis of women's travel writings and colonialism , London : Routledge .
- Mills , S. 1994 . “ Knowledge, gender, and empire ” . In Writing women and space: Colonial and postcolonial geographies , Edited by: Blunt , A. and Rose , G. 50 New York : Guilford Press .
- Mills , S. 1996 . Gender and colonial space . Gender, Place and Culture , 3 (2) : 125 – 47 .
- Monicat , B. 1994 . Autobiography and women's travel writings in nineteenth-century France: Journeys through self-representation . Gender, Place and Culture , 1 (1) : 61 – 70 .
- Moore , W. B. Jr. and Tripp , J. F. 1989 . “ Looking South: An introduction ” . In Looking South: Chapters in the story of an American region , Edited by: Moore , W. B. Jr. and Tripp , J. F. xxvi New York : Greenwood Press .
- Morin , K. 1998 . British women travellers and constructions of racial difference across the nineteenth-century American West . Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers , 23 : 311 – 30 . NS
- Morin , K. 1999 . Peak practices: Englishwomen's “heroic” adventures in the nineteenth-century American West . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 89 : 489 – 514 .
- Morin , K. 2002a . “ Mining empire: Journalists in the American West, ca. 1870 ” . In Postcolonial geographies , Edited by: Blunt , Alison and McEwan , Cheryl . 68 New York : Continuum .
- Morin , K. 2002b . Postcolonialism and Native American geographies: The letters of Rosalie La Flesche Farley, 1896–1899 . Cultural Geographies , 9 : 150 – 80 .
- Morin , K. M. and Berg , L. D. 1999 . Emplacing current trends in feminist historical geography . Gender, Place and Culture , 6 (4) : 311 – 30 .
- Mulvey , C. 1983 . Anglo-American landscapes: A study of nineteenth-century Anglo-American travel literature , Cambridge, , U.K. : Cambridge University Press .
- Newitz , A. and Wray , M. 1997 . “ Introduction ” . In White trash: Race and class in America , Edited by: Wray , M. and Newitz , A. 12 New York : Routledge .
- Newman , L. M. 1999 . White women's rights: The racial origins of feminism in the United States , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Olund , E. N. 2002 . From savage space to governable space: The extension of United States judicial sovereignty over Indian country in the nineteenth century . Cultural Geographies , 9 : 129 – 57 .
- Persky , J. J. 1992 . The burden of dependency: Colonial themes in southern economic thought , Baltimore : The Johns Hopkins University Press .
- Philips , R. 1999 . Sexual politics of authorship: Rereading the travels and translations of Richard and Isabel Burton . Gender, Place and Culture , 6 (3) : 241 – 57 .
- Pierson , W. D. 1989 . “ Family secrets: How African-American culture helped shape the early Ku Klux Klan ” . In Looking South: Chapters in the story of an American region , Edited by: Moore , W. B. Jr. and Tripp , J. F. 50 New York : Greenwood Press .
- Pieterse , J. N. and Parekh , B. 1995 . “ Shifting imaginaries: Decolonization, internal decolonization, postcoloniality ” . In The decolonization of imagination: Culture, knowledge, and power , Edited by: Pieterse , J. N. and Parekh , B. 21 London : Zed Press .
- Pollock , G. 1994 . “ Territories of desire: Reconsiderations of an African childhood ” . In Travellers' tales: Narratives of home and displacement , Edited by: Robertson , G. , Mash , M. , Tickner , L. , Bird , J. , Curtis , B. and Putnam , T. 89 London : Routledge .
- Pope , M. C. 1999 . The mystery of Abbie Brooks . St. Augustine Record , 21 November
- Pope , M. C. 2000 . The Abbie Brooks saga . St. Augustine Record , 11 November
- Pratt , M. L. 1992 . Imperial eyes: Travel writing and transculturation , London : Routledge .
- Pred , A. 1984 . Place as historically contingent process: Structuration and the time-geography of becoming places . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 74 : 279 – 97 .
- Radford , J. P. 1992 . Identity and tradition in the post-civil war South . Journal of Historical Geography , 18 (1) : 91 – 103 .
- Rattansi , A. 1997 . Postcolonialism and its discontents . Economy and Society , 26 : 480 – 500 .
- Reid , H. 1999 . “ Political consciousness and political imagination: The Appalachian connection in an anxious nation ” . In Confronting Appalachian stereotypes: Back talk from an American region , Edited by: Billings , D. B. , Norman , G. and Ledford , K. 26 Lexington : University of Kentucky Press .
- Reid , W. 1886/1965 . After the war: A tour of the southern states, May 1, 1865 to May 1, 1866 , Edited by: Woodward , C. V. New York : Harper and Row .
- Robertson , G. , Mash , M. , Tickner , L. , Bird , J. , Curtis , B. and Putnam , T. , eds. 1994 . Travelers' tales: Narrative of home and displacement , London : Routledge .
- Rojek , C. and Urry , J. 1997 . Touring cultures: Transformation of travel and theory , London : Routledge .
- Rose , W. L. 1964 . Rehearsal for reconstruction: The Port Royal experiment , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Rowe , A. 1978 . The enchanted country: Northern writers in the South, 1865–1910 , Baton Rouge : Louisiana State Press University .
- Rowe , J. C. 2000 . Literary culture and U.S. imperialism: From the Revolution to World War II , Oxford, , U.K. : Oxford University Press .
- Said , E. W. 1978 . Orientalism , New York : Vintage Books .
- Sharpe , J. 1995 . Is the United States postcolonial? Transnationalism, immigration, and race . Diaspora , 4 (2) : 181 – 99 .
- Shuffelton , F. 1994 . Circumstantial accounts, dangerous art: Recognizing African-American culture in travelers' narratives . Eighteenth-Century Studies , 27 : 589 – 603 .
- Sibley , D. 1995 . Geographies of exclusion: Society and difference in the West , London : Routledge .
- Sibley , D. 1999 . “ Creating geographies of difference ” . In Human geography today , Edited by: Massey , D. , Allen , J. and Sarre , P. 28 Cambridge, , U.K. : Polity Press .
- Sidaway , J. D. 2000 . Postcolonial geographies: An exploratory essay . Progress in Human Geography , 24 (4) : 591 – 612 .
- Singh , A. and Schmidt , P. 2000 . “ On the borders between U.S. studies and postcolonial theory ” . In Postcolonial theory and the U.S.: Race, ethnicity, and literature , Edited by: Singh , A. and Schmidt , P. 69 Jackson : University Press of Mississippi .
- Slater , D. 1998 . Post-colonial questions for global times . Review of International Political Economy , 5 (4) : 647 – 78 .
- Slater , D. 1999 . “ Situating geopolitical representations: Inside/outside and the power of imperial interventions ” . In Human geography today , Edited by: Massey , D. , Allen , J. and Sarre , P. 84 Cambridge, , U.K. : Polity Press .
- Small , S. E. 1979 . The Yankee schoolmarm in freedmen's schools: An analysis of attitudes . The Journal of Southern History , 45 (3) : 381 – 402 .
- Spivak , G. C. 1995 . “ Teaching for the times ” . In The decolonization of imagination: Culture, knowledge and power , Edited by: Pieterse , J. N. and Parekh , B. 202 London : Zed Books .
- Sprinkler , M. , ed. 1992 . Edward said: A critical reader , Oxford, , U.K. : Blackwell .
- Stearns , C. 1872 . The black man of the South, and the rebels; Or, the characteristics of the former, and the recent outrage of the latter , New York : American News Company .
- Stocking , G. W. Jr. 1994 . The turn-of-the-century concept of race . Modernism/Modernity , 1 (1) : 4 – 16 .
- Stoler , A. L. 1995 . Race and the education of desire: Foucault's History of sexuality and the colonial order of things , Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
- Stoler , A. L. and Cooper , F. 1997 . “ Between metropole and colony: Rethinking a research agenda ” . In Tensions of empire: Colonial cultures in a bourgeois world , Edited by: Cooper , F. and Stoler , A. L. 1 – 56 . Berkeley : University of California Press .
- Stowe , W. W. 1994 . Going abroad: European travel in nineteenth century American culture , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
- Sunshine , S. 1880/1976 . Petals plucked from sunny climes. Bicentennial Floridiana facsimile series , Gainesville : University of Florida Press .
- Swint , H. L. 1941/1967 . The northern teacher in the South, 1862–1870 , New York : Octagon Books .
- Trowbridge , J. T. 1867 . The South: A tour of its battle-fields and ruined cities, a journey through the desolated states, and talks with the people , Hartford, CT : L. Stebbins .
- Venn , C. 1999 . “ Narrating the postcolonial ” . In Spaces of culture: Cities, nation, world , Edited by: Featherstone , M. and Lash , S. 81 London : Sage Publications .
- Walters , R. G. 1973 . The erotic South: Civilization and sexuality in American abolitionism . American Quarterly , 25 (2) : 177 – 201 .
- Ware , V. 1992 . Beyond the pale: White women, racism and history , London : Verso .
- Wheeler , R. 1999 . “ Limited visions of Africa: Geographies of savagery and civility in early eighteenth-century narratives ” . In Writes of passage: Reading travel writing , Edited by: Duncan , J. and Gregory , D. 48 London : Routledge .
- Winders , J. 2003 . White in all the wrong places: White rural poverty in a postbellum US South . Cultural Geographies , 10 : 45 – 63 .
- Woodward , C. V. 1960/1968 . The burden of southern history , Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press . Rev.ed.
- Woodward , C. V. 1971 . American counterpoint: Slavery and racism in the North-South dialogue , Boston : Little, Brown and Company .
- Young , R. J. C. 1995 . Colonial desire: Hybridity in theory, culture and race , London : Routledge .