References
- Alberta Learning. (2000). Physical education guide to implementation, kindergarten to grade 12. Edmonton, AB: Minister of Learning, Learning and Teaching Resources Branch. Retrieved August 2008, from http://education.alberta.ca/
- Azzarito, L., Munroe, P., & Solmon, M. A. (2004). Unsettling the body: The institutionalization of physical activity at the turn of the twentieth century. Quest, 56, 377–396.
- Bancroft, J. H. (1913). Games for the playground, home, school and gymnasium. New York: Macmillan.
- Board of Education. (1909). The syllabus of physical exercises for public elementary schools 1909. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode.
- Board of Education. (1919). Syllabus of physical training for schools 1919. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office.
- Board of Education. (1933). Syllabus of physical training for schools 1933. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office.
- Brandreth, W. G. (1931). The Canadian book of games. Toronto, ON: Ryerson.
- British Columbia Ministry of Education. (2008). Physical education 8 to 10 integrated resource package. Victoria: Ministry of Education, Province of British Columbia. Retrieved August 2008, from http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/irp/physicaleduc810.pdf
- CAHPERD. (n.d.). Quality daily physical education. Retrieved August 2008, from http://www.cahperd.ca/eng/physicaleducation/about_qdpe.cfm
- Campbell, T., & Sullivan, P. (2005). The effect of a standardized coaching education program on the efficacy of novice coaches. Avante, 11(1), 38–45.
- Cartu, L. P. (1980). Social and political changes and the development of physical education within the Ontario public education system 1841–1918. Unpublished master’s thesis, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON.
- Couturier, L. E., Chepko, S., & Coughlin, M. A. (2005). Student voices—what middle and high school students have to say about physical education. The Physical Educator, 62(4), 170–177.
- Crampton, C. W. (1925). The pedagogy of physical training. New York: Macmillan.
- Crehan, P. (1972). Physical education—a contributor or a deterrent? CAHPER Journal, 38(3), 13–16.
- Cromie, W. J. (1925). Gymnastics in education. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
- Darst, P. W., & Pangrazi, R. P. (2002). Dynamic physical education for secondary school students. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings.
- Davison, K. G. (2000). Boys’ bodies in school: Physical education. The Journal of Men’s Studies, 8(2), 255–266.
- Drew, L. C. (1929). Individual gymnastics: A handbook of corrective and remedial gymnastics. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
- Elkind, D. (2004). The problem with constructivism. The Educational Forum, 68(4), 306–312.
- Ennis, C. D. (2006). Curriculum: Forming and reshaping the vision of physical education in a high need, low demand world of schools. Quest, 58, 41–59.
- Executive Council, Strathcona Trust. (1911). Syllabus of physical exercises for schools. Toronto, ON: The Copp, Clark Company.
- Gibbons, S., Wharf Higgins, J., Gaul, C., & VanGyn, G. (1999). Listening to female students in high school physical education. Avante, 5(2), 1–20.
- Gore, J. (1993). The struggle for pedagogies. New York: Routledge.
- Gregory, M. R. (2002). Constructivism, standards, and the classroom community of inquiry. Educational Theory, 52(4), 397–410.
- Griffin, L. L., & Butler, J. I. (2005). Teaching games for understanding. Theory, research and practice. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Haag, H. (Ed.). (1978). Sport pedagogy: Content and methodology. London: University Park Press.
- Halas, J. (2006). Developing a White race-consciousness: A foundation for culturally relevant physical education for Aboriginal youth. In E. Singleton & A. Varpalotai (Eds.), Stones in the sneaker: Active theory for secondary school physical and health educators (pp. 155–182). London, ON: Althouse.
- Hall, M. A. (2002). The girl and the game. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press.
- Hastie, P. (2003). Teaching for a lifetime: Physical activity through quality high school physical education. Sydney, Australia: Benjamin Cummings.
- Hellison, D., & Templin, T. (1991). A reflective approach to teaching physical education. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Hill, G., & Clevin, B. (2005). A comparison of ninth grade male and female physical education activities preferences as support for coeducational groupings. Physical Educator, 62(4), 187–198.
- Hill, L. E. (Ed.). (1903). Athletics and out-door sports for women. New York: Macmillan.
- Houghton, E. B. (1891). Physical culture: First book of exercises in drill, calisthenics, and gymnastics. Toronto, ON: Warwick.
- Humbert, M. L. (2006). Listening for a change: Understanding the experiences of students in physical education. In E. Singleton and A. Varpalotai (Eds.), Stones in the sneaker: Active theory for secondary school physical and health educators (pp. 1–26). London, ON: Althouse.
- Jacks, L. P. (1932). Education through recreation. London: University of London Press.
- Johnson, G. E. (1907). Education by plays and games. Boston: Ginn.
- Kaardal, K. (2001). Learning by choice in secondary physical education. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Kelly, P., Hickey, C., & Tinning, R. (2000). Producing knowledge about physical education pedagogy: Problematizing the activities of expertise. Quest, 52(3), 284–296.
- Kennedy, W. F. R. (1955). Health, physical education and recreation in Canada: A history of professional preparation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York.
- Kidd, B. (1996). The struggle for Canadian sport. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
- Kincheloe, J. L. (2005). Critical constructivism. New York: Peter Lang.
- Kirk, D., & MacDonald, D. (1998). Situated learning in physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 17, 376–378.
- Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Lenskyj, H. (1982). Femininity first. Sport and physical education for Ontario girls, 1890–1930. Canadian Journal of History of Sport, 13(2), 4–17.
- Lenskyj, H. (1986). Out of bounds. Toronto, ON: The Women’s Press.
- Lenskyj, H. J., & Van Daalen, C. (2006). “Look at that cow over there”: Sexual harassment and shaming of adolescent girls in high school physical education. In E. Singleton & A. Varpalotai (Eds.), Stones in the sneaker: Active theory for secondary school physical and health educators (pp. 139–154). London, ON: Althouse.
- Macdonald, D., Kirk, D., Metzler, M., Nilges, L. M., Schempp, P., & Wright, J. (2002). It’s all very well, in theory: Theoretical perspectives and their applications in contemporary pedagogical research. Quest, 54(2), 133–156.
- Martel, D., Gagnon, J., & Tousignant, M. (2002). Physical education teachers’ and students’ views of injustices in the gymnasium. Avante, 8(1), 55–68.
- Martens, F. L. (1986). Basic concepts of physical education: The foundations in Canada. Champaign, IL: Stipes.
- Martino, W., & Beckett, L. (2004). Schooling the gendered body in health and physical education: Interrogating teachers’ perspectives. Sport, Education and Society, 9(2), 239–251.
- Metzler, M. W. (2000). Instructional models for physical education. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
- Ministries of Education. (2008). Retrieved March 2008, from http://www.destineducation.ca/intstdnt/annex-c8_e.htm
- Mitchell, E. D., & Mason, B. S. (1934). The theory of play. New York: A. S. Barnes.
- Morris, G. S. D., & Stiehl, J. (1985). Physical education from intent to action. Columbus, OH: Merrill.
- Morrow, D., & Wamsley, K. B. (2005). Sport in Canada. A history. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Mosston, M., & Ashworth, S. (1994). Teaching physical education. New York: Macmillan.
- Neatby, H. (1953). So little for the mind. Toronto, ON: Clarke, Irwin.
- Nova Scotia Department of Education. (1999). Physical education curriculum grades 7–9. Halifax, NS: English Program Services. Retrieved August 2008, from http://sapps.ednet.ns.ca/Cart/items.php?CA=14&UID=2008030515472574.14.71.204
- O’Reilly, E., Tompkins, J., & Gallant, P. (2001). “They ought to enjoy physical activity, you know?”: Struggling with fun in physical education. Sport, Education and Society, 6(2), 211–221.
- Portman, J. A. (1995). Who is having fun in physical education classes? Experiences of sixth-grade students in elementary and middle schools. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 14, 445–453.
- Posse, N. (1890). The Swedish system of educational gymnastics. Boston: Lee and Shepard.
- Pulliam, J. D., & Van Patten, J. J.(1999). History of education in America. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill (Prentice Hall).
- Richardson, V. (2003). Constructivist pedagogy. Teachers College Record, 105(9), 1623–1640.
- Robinson, D. B., & Melnychuk, N. E. (2006). A call for PE consultants and specialists: Let’s get serious about implementing quality PE. Physical and Health Education Journal, 72(3), 6–11.
- Ross, S. (2001). Physical education reconceptualized. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
- Rudd, A. (2005). Which “character” should sport develop? The Physical Educator, 62(4), 205–211.
- Schaible, C. H. (1878). An essay on the systematic training of the body. London: Trubner.
- Siedentop, D. (1983). Developing teaching skills in physical education. Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield.
- Singleton, E. (2006). “We’ve got to stick to the curriculum, right?” Exploring female high school physical educators’ beliefs about competition in their classes. Journal of Teaching and Learning, 4(1), 15–30.
- Smith, T. K., & Cestaro, N. G. (1998). Student centered physical education. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Staley, S. C. (1925). Individual and mass athletics. New York: A. S. Barnes.
- Staley, S. C. (1926). Calisthenics. Modern methods of free-exercise instruction. New York: A. S. Barnes.
- Stanley, S. (1977). Physical education: A movement orientation. Toronto, ON: McGraw-Hill Ryerson.
- Sykes, H. (2004). Pedagogies of censorship, injury, and masochism: Teacher responses to homophobic speech in physical education. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 36(1), 75–99.
- Tinning, R. (1991). Teacher education pedagogy: Dominant discourses and the process of problem setting. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 11(1), 1–20.
- Tinning, R. (2002). Toward a “modest pedagogy”: Reflections on the problems of critical pedagogy. Quest, 54(3), 224–240.
- Vertinsky, P. (1992). Reclaiming space, revisioning the body: The quest for gender-sensitive physical education. Quest, 44, 373–396.
- Windschitl, M. (2002). Framing constructivism in practice as the negotiation of dilemmas: An analysis of the conceptual, pedagogical, cultural, and political challenges facing teachers. Review of Educational Research, 72(2), 131–175.
- Wright, J. (1996). Mapping the discourses of physical education: Articulating a female tradition. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 28, 331–351.
- Zeigler, E. F. (2002). The physical education and sport curriculum in the 21st century: Proposed common denominators. Physical Educator, 59(3), 114–126.