128
Views
33
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Solar dimming and brightening over Thessaloniki, Greece, and Beijing, China

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 657-665 | Received 30 Jul 2008, Accepted 02 Apr 2009, Published online: 18 Jan 2017

References

  • Anderson, G., Clough, S., Krneizys, F., Chetwynd, J. and Shenle, A. 1986. AFGL atmospheric constituent profiles (0-120 km). Techni-cal Report AFGL-TR-86-0110. Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom Air Force Base, Bedford, MA.
  • Bais, A. F., Zerefos, C. S., Meleti, C., Ziomas, I. C. and Tourpali, K. 1993. Spectral measurements of solar UV-B radiation and its relation to total ozone, SO2, and clouds. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 5199–5204.
  • Balis, D. S., Amiridis, V., Zerefos, C., Gerasopoulos, E., Andreae, M. and co-authors. 2003. Raman lidar and sunphotometric measurements of aerosol optical properties over Thessaloniki, Greece during a biomass burning episode. Atmos. Environ. 37, 4529–4538.
  • Basbas, S., Nikolaou, K. and Toskas, G. 2004. Relative con-tribution of various diesel vehicle classes to the Thessaloniki urban air pollution. Water Air Soil Pollut. Focus 4, 55–63, 10.1023/B:WAF0.0000044786.18260.44.
  • Chan, C. K. and Yao, X. 2008. Air pollution in mega cities in China: a review. Atmos. Environ. 42, 1–42.
  • Chu, D. A., Kaufman, Y. J., Zibordi, G., Chern, J. D., Mao, J., Li, C. and co-authors. 2003. Global monitoring of air pollution over land from the earth observing system-terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MOD'S). J. Geophys. Res. 108, 4661, 10.1029/2002JD003179.
  • Chubarova, N. YE. and Nezval', YE. I. 2000. Thirty year variability of UV irradiance in Moscow. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 12529–12539.
  • Dahlback, A. and Stamnes, K. 1991. A new spherical model for comput-ing the radiation field available for photolysis and heating at twilight. Planet. Space Sci. 39, 671–683.
  • EC 1980. Council Directive 80/779/EEC of 15 July 1980 on air quality limit values and guide values for sulphur dioxide and sus-pended particulates. Official Journal L 229, 30–48. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/legis.htm.
  • EC 1989. Council Directive 89/427/EEC of 21 June 1989 amending Directive 80/779/EEC on air quality limit values and guide values for sulphur dioxide and suspended particulates. Official Journal L 201, 53–55. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/legis.htm. EC 1996. Council Directive 96/62/EC of 27 September 1996 on ambient air quality assessment and management. Official Journal L 296, 55–63. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/legis.htm. Eisinger, M. and Burrows, J. 1998. Tropospheric sulphur dioxide ob-served by the ERS-2 GOME instrument. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 4177–4180.
  • Fotiadi, A., Hatzianastassiou, N., Dralcalcis, E., Matsoukas, C., Pavlalcis, K. G. and co-authors. 2006. Aerosol physical and optical properties in the eastern Mediterranean Basin, Crete from Aerosol Robotic Net-work Data. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6, 5399–5413.
  • Gao, X., Cheng, H., Tian, E and Wang, R. 2008. Dynamic Vari-ation for SO2 of atmosphere in Beijing. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (ICBBE 2008). IEEE. 16-18 May 2008, 4079-4082, 10.1109/ICBBE.2008.520.
  • Geneva 1979. The 1979 Geneva Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution. Available at: http://www. unece.org/envArtapArtap_hl.htm.
  • Gerasopoulos, E., Andreae, M.O., Zerefos, C. S., Andreae, T. W., Balis, D. and co-authors. 2003. Climatological aspects of aerosol optical properties in Northern Greece. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 3, 2025–2041. Gerasopoulos, E., Kouvarakis, G., Babasalcalis, P., Vrekoussis, M., Putau, J. P. and co-authors. 2006. Origin and variabil-ity of particulate matter (PM10) mass concentrations over the eastern Mediterranean. Atmos. Environ. 40, 4679-4690, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.04.020.
  • Gerasopoulos, E., Koulouri, E., Kalivitis, N., Kouvaralcis, G., Saarikoski, S. and co-authors. 2007. Size-segregated mass distributions of aerosols over Eastern Mediterranean: seasonal variability and com-parison with AERONET columnar size-distributions. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7, 2551–2561.
  • Groebner, J. and Meleti, C. 2004. Aerosol optical depth in the UVB and visible wavelength range from Brewer spectrophotometer direct irradiance measurements: 1991-2002. J. Geophys. Res. 25, D09292, 10.1029/2003JD004409.
  • Hansen, J., Sato, M., Ruedy, R., Kharecha, P., Lacis, A. and co-authors. 2007. Climate simulations for 1880-2003 with GISS modelE. Clim. Dyn. 29, 661-696, 10.1007/s00382-007-0255-8.
  • Hao, J. and Wang, L. 2005. Improving urban air quality in China: Beijing case study. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 55, 1298–1305.
  • Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Slutsker, I., Tanre, D., Buis, J. P. and co-authors. 1998. AERONET—a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization. Remote Sens. Environ. 66, 1–16. Ichoku, C., Allen Chu, D., Matto°, S., Kaufman, Y. J., Remer, L. A. and co-authors. 2002. A spatio-temporal approach for global validation and analysis of MODIS aerosol products. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 10.1029/2001GL013206.
  • IPCC. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group Ito the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergov-ernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds. S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis and co-editors). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp.
  • Kalivitis, N., Gerasopoulos, E., Vrekkousis, M., Kouvarakis, G., Ku-bilay, N. and Mihalopoulos, N. 2007. Dust transport over the eastern Mediterranean derived from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrome-ter, Aerosol Robotic Network, and surface measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D03202, 10.1029/2006JD007510.
  • Kazadzis, S., Bais, A., Amiridis, V., Balis, D., Meleti, C. and co-author. 2007. Nine years of UV aerosol optical depth measurements at Thes-saloniki, Greece. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7,2091–2101.
  • Koukouli, M. E., Kazadzis, S., Amiridis, V, Ichoku, C. and Balis, D. S. 2007. Comparisons of satellite derived aerosol optical depth over a variety of sites in the southern Balkan region as an indicator of local air quality. Proc. SPIE, 6745, 67451V, 10.1117/12.737681.
  • Kurucz, R. L. 1994. Synthetic infrared spectra. Presented at IAU Sym-posium 154, Infrared Solar Physics, Tucson, 2-6 March 1992. In: Infrared Solar Physics (eds. D. M. Rabin and J. T. Jefferies). Kluwer, Dordrecht, 523-531.
  • Lelieveld, J., Berresheim, H., Borrmann, S., Crutzen, P. J, Dentener, F. J. and co-authors. 2002. Global air pollution crossroads over the Mediterranean. Science 298, 794–799.
  • Levy, R. C., Remer, L. A., Matto°, S., Vermote, E. F. and Kaufman, Y. J. 2007. Second-generation operational algorithm: retrieval of aerosol properties over land from inversion of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer spectral reflectance. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D13211, 10.1029/2006JD007811.
  • Li, Z., Chen, H., Cribb, M., Dickerson, R., Holbe, B. and co-authors. 2007a. Preface to special section on East Asian Studies of Tro-pospheric Aerosols: An International Regional Experiment (EAST-AIRE). J. Geophys. Res. 112, D22500, 10.1029/2007JDO08853.
  • Li, Z., Niu, F., Lee, K.-H., Xin, J., Hao, W.-M. and co-authors. 2007b. Validation and understanding of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spec-troradiometer aerosol products (C5) using ground-based measure-ments from the handheld Sun photometer network in China. J. Geo-phys. Res. 112, D22507, doi:10.1029/2007JD008479.
  • Liepert, B. G. 2002. Observed reductions of surface solar radiation at sites in the United States and worldwide from 1961 to 1990. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 1421, 10.1029/2002GL014910.
  • Marenco, E, Di Sarra, A. and De Luisi, J. 2002. Methodology for deter-mining aerosol optical depth from Brewer 300-320 nm ozone mea-surements. AppL Opt. 41, 1805–1814.
  • MAYER, B. and KYLLING, A. 2005. Technical note: the LIBRADTRAN software package for radiative transfer calculations: description and examples of use. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 5, 1855–1877.
  • Meleti, C. and Cappelani, F. 2000. Measurements of aerosol optical depth at Ispra: analysis of the correlation with UV-B, UV-A, and total solar irradiance. J. Geophys. Res. 105,4971–4978.
  • Meleti, C., Bais, A. F. and Malcrogiannis, T. 2008. Solar radiation vari-ability over Thessaloniki and its relation to air quality. In: Proceedings of the 9th Conference of Meteorology, Climatology and Atmospheric Physics (eds. P. Maheras, P. Zanis, C. Anagnostopoulou, T. Mavrom-matis, I. Pytharoulis and co-editors). Department of Meteorology and Climatology of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 719–726.
  • Papayannis, A., Balis, D., Bais, A. F., Van Der Bergh, H., Calpini, B. and co-authors. 1998. Role of urban and suburban aerosols on solar UV radiation over Athens, Greece. Atmos. Environ. 32, 2193–2201.
  • Remer, L. A., Kaufman, Y. J., Tanre, D., Matto°, S., Chu, D. A. and co-authors. The MODIS aerosol algorithm, products, and validation. J. Atmos. Sci. 62, 947–973.
  • Ricchiazzi, P. and Yang, S. R. 1998. SBDART: a research and teach-ing software tool for plane-parallel radiative transfer in the earth's atmosphere. Bull. Am. MeteoroL Soc. 79, 2101–2114.
  • Romanou, A., Liepert, B., Schmidt, G. A., Rossow, W. B., Ruedy, R. A. and co-authors. 2007. 20th century changes in surface solar irradiance in simulations and observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, L05713, 10.1029/2006GL028356.
  • Stanhill, G. and Cohen, S. 2001. Global dimming: a review of the ev-idence for a widespread and significant reduction in global radiation with a discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences. Agric. For. MeteoroL 107, 255–278.
  • Stanhill, G. and Moreshet, S. 1992. Global radiation climate changes in Israel. Clim. Change 22, 121–138.
  • Streets, D. G., Fu, J. S., Jang, C. J., Hao, J., He, K. and co-authors. 2008. Air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Atmos. Environ. 41,480–492.
  • UN LRTAP 1984. The 1984 Geneva Protocol on long-term financing of the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP). Avail-able at: http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap/emep_hl.htm.
  • UN LRTAP 1985. The 1985 Helsinki Protocol on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary Fluxes by at least 30 per cent. Available at: http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap/sulf_hl.htm.
  • WHO 2005. Air Quality Guidelines for Particulate Matter, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide: Global Update 2005: Summary of Risk Assessment, World Health Organization, WHO/SDE/PHE/OEH/06.02.
  • Wild, M., Gilgen, H., Roesch, A., Ohmura, A., Long, C. N. and co-authors. 2005. From dimming to brightening: decadal changes in solar radiation at Earth's surface. Science 308, 847–850.
  • Xia, X. A., Wang, P. C., Chen, H. B. and Liang, F. 2006. Anal-ysis of downwelling surface solar radiation in China from Na-tional Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis, satellite es-timates and surface observations. J. Geophys. Res. 111, D09103, 10.1029/2005JD006405.
  • Zerefos, C. S. 2002. Long-term ozone and UV variations at Thessaloniki, Greece. Phys. Chem. Earth 27, 455–460.
  • Zerefos, C. S., Meleti, C., Balis, D., Tourpali, K. and Bais, A. F. 1998. Quasi-biennial and longer-term changes in clear sky UV-B solar irra-diance. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25,4345–4348.
  • Zerefos, C., Ganev, K., Kourtidis, K., Tzortziou, M., Vasaras, A. and co-authors. 2000. On the origin of SO2 above Northern Greece. Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 365–368.
  • Zerefos, C., Kourtidis, K., Melas, D., Balis, D. S., Zanis, P. and co-authors. 2002. Photochemical Activity and Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Modulation Factors (PAUR): an overview of the project. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 10.1029/2000JD000134.
  • Zhang, Y., Rossow, W. B., Lacis, A. A., Oinas, V. and Mishchenko, M. I. 2004. Calculation of radiative fluxes from the surface to top of atmosphere based on ISCCP and other global data sets: refinements of the radiative transfer model and the input data. J. Geophys. Res. 109, D19105, 10.1029/2003JDO04457.