29
Views
75
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Gene Expression

Point Mutations in the WD40 Domain of Eed Block Its Interaction with Ezh2

, , &
Pages 5634-5642 | Received 06 Mar 1998, Accepted 06 Jul 1998, Published online: 28 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Abel, K. J., L. C. Brody, J. M. Vlades, M. R. Erdos, D. R. McKinley, L. H. Castilla, S. D. Merajver, F. J. Couch, L. S. Friedman, E. A. Ostermeyer, E. D. Lynch, M.-C. King, P. L. Welcsh, S. Osborne-Lawrence, M. Spillman, A. M. Bowcock, F. S. Collins, and B. L. Weber 1996. Characterization of EZH1, a human homolog of Drosophila Enhancer of zeste near BRCA1. Genomics 37: 161–171.
  • Bird, T. A., H. Schule, P. B. Delaney, J. E. Sims, B. Thoma, and S. K. Dower 1992. Evidence that MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase activation may be a necessary but not sufficient signal for a restricted subset of responses in IL-1-treated epidermoid cells. Cytokine 4: 429–440.
  • Bomsztyk, K., I. Van Seuningen, H. Suzuki, O. Denisenko, and J. Ostrowski 1997. Diverse molecular interactions of the hnRNP K protein. FEBS Lett. 403: 113–115.
  • Burd, C. G., and G. Dreyfuss 1994. Conserved structures and diversity of functions of RNA-binding proteins. Science 265: 615–621.
  • Carrington, E. A., and R. S. Jones 1996. The Drosophila Enhancer of zeste gene encodes a chromatin protein: examination of wild-type and mutant protein distribution. Development 122: 4073–4083.
  • Chen, H., C. Rossier, and S. E. Antonarakis 1996. Cloning of a human homolog of the Drosophila Enhancer of zeste gene (EZH2) that maps to the chromosome 21q22.2. Genomics 38: 30–37.
  • Chomczynski, P., and N. Sacchi 1987. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162: 156–159.
  • Denisenko, O. N., and K. Bomsztyk 1997. The product of the murine homolog of the Drosophila extra sex comb gene displays transcriptional repressor activity. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 4707–4717.
  • Denisenko, O. N., and K. Bomsztyk. Unpublished data.
  • Eissenberg, J. C., T. C. James, D. M. Foster-Harnett, T. Harnett, T. Ngan, and S. C. R. Elgin 1990. Mutation in a heterochromatin-specific chromosomal protein is associated with suppression of position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 9923–9927.
  • Fields, S., and O. Song 1989. A novel genetic system to detect protein-protein interactions. Nature 340: 245–246.
  • Gatti, M., and B. S. Baker 1989. Genes controlling essential cell-cycle functions in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes Dev. 3: 438–453.
  • Gillis, S., and J. Watson 1980. Biochemical and biological characterization of lymphocyte regulatory molecules. V. Identification of an interleukin 2-producing human leukemia T cell line. J. Exp. Med. 152: 1709–1719.
  • Gunster, M., D. Satijn, K. Hamer, J. den Blaauwen, D. de Bruijn, M. Alkema, M. van Lohuizen, R. van Driel, and A. Otte 1997. Identification and characterization of interactions between the vertebrate polycomb-group protein BMI1 and human homologs of polyhomeotic. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 2326–2335.
  • Gurevich, V. V., I. D. Pokrovskaya, T. A. Obukhova, and S. A. Zozulya 1991. Preparative in vitro mRNA synthesis using SP6 and T7 RNA polymerase. Anal. Biochem. 195: 207–213.
  • Gutjahr, T., E. Frei, C. Spicer, S. Baumgartner, R. A. H. White, and M. Noll 1995. The polycomb-group gene, extra sex combs, encodes a nuclear member of the WD-40 repeat family. EMBO J. 14: 4296–4306.
  • Hobert, O., I. Sures, T. Ciossek, M. Fuchs, and A. Ullrich 1996. Isolation and developmental expression analysis of Enx-1, a novel mouse Polycomb group gene. Mech. Dev. 55: 171–184.
  • Ito, N., S. E. Phillips, C. Stevens, Z. B. Ogel, M. J. McPherson, J. N. Keen, K. D. Yadav, and P. F. Knowles 1991. Novel thioether bond revealed by a 1.7 A crystal structure of galactose oxidase. Nature 350: 87–90.
  • Johnson, R. J., H. Iida, C. E. Alpers, M. W. Majesky, S. M. Schwartz, P. Pritzl, K. Gordon, and A. M. Gwon 1991. Expression of smooth muscle cell phenotype by rat mesangial cells in immune complex nephritis: α-smooth muscle actin is a marker of mesangial cell proliferation. J. Clin. Invest. 87: 847–858.
  • Jones, C. A., J. Ng, A. J. Peterson, K. Morgan, J. Simon, and R. S. Jones 1998. The Drosophila esc and E(z) proteins are direct partners in polycomb group-mediated repression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 2825–2834.
  • Jones, R. S., and W. M. Gelbart 1993. The Drosophila Polycomb-group gene Enhancer of zeste contains a region with sequence similarity to trithorax. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 6357–6366.
  • Jones, R. S., and W. M. Gelbart 1990. Genetic analysis of the enhancer of zeste locus and its role in gene regulation in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 126: 185–199.
  • Kalisch, W. E., and B. Rasmuson 1974. Changes of zeste phenotype induced by autosomal mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. Hereditas 78: 97–104.
  • Kluxen, F. W., and H. Lubbert 1993. Maximal expression of recombinant cDNAs in COS cells for use in expression cloning. Anal. Biochem. 208: 352–356.
  • Laible, G., A. Wolf, R. Dorn, G. Reuter, C. Nislow, A. Lebersorger, D. Popkin, L. Pillus, and T. Jenuwein 1997. Mammalian homologues of the Polycomb-group gene Enhancer of zeste mediate gene silencing in Drosophila heterochromatin and at S. cerevisiae telomeres. EMBO J. 16: 3219–3232.
  • LaJeunesse, D., and A. Shearn 1996. E(z): a polycomb group gene or a trithorax group gene? Development 122: 2189–2197.
  • Lambright, D. G., J. Sondek, A. Bohm, N. P. Skiba, H. E. Hamm, and P. B. Sigler 1996. The 2.0 A crystal structure of a heterotrimeric G protein. Nature 379: 311–319.
  • Locke, J., M. A. Kotarski, and K. D. Tartof 1988. Dosage-dependent modofiers of position effect variegation in Drosophila and a mass action model that explains their effect. Genetics 120: 181–198.
  • McCall, K., and W. Bender 1996. Probes for chromatin accessibility in the Drosophila bithorax complex respond differently to Polycomb-mediated repression. EMBO J. 15: 569–580.
  • Ng, J., R. Li, K. Morgan, and J. Simon 1997. Evolutionary conservation and predicted structure of the Drosophila extra sex combs repressor protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 6663–6672.
  • Paige, C. J., P. W. Kincaide, and P. Ralph 1978. Murine B cell leukemia line with inducible surface immunoglobulin expression. J. Immunol. 121: 641–647.
  • Paro, R. 1990. Imprinting the determined state into the chromatin of Drosophila melanogaster. Trends Genet. 6: 416–421.
  • Paro, R., S. Messmer, Moehrle, V. Orlando, and D. Zink 1993. Regulation of stable gene expression at the higher-order chromatin level. Genetics and the Understanding of Life. 17th International Congress of Genetics, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
  • Phillips, M. D., and A. Shearn 1990. Mutations in polycombeotic, a Drosophila polycomb-group gene, cause a wide range of maternal and zygotic phenotypes. Genetics 125: 91–101.
  • Pirrotta, V. 1995. Chromatin complexes regulating gene expression in Drosophila. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 5: 466–472.
  • Pirrotta, V. 1997. PcG complexes and chromatin silencing. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 7: 249–258.
  • Platero, J. S., E. J. Sharp, P. N. Adler, and J. C. Eissenberg 1996. In vivo assay for protein-protein interactions using Drosophila chromosomes. Chromosoma 104: 393–404.
  • Rachie, N. A., R. Seger, M. A. Valentine, J. Ostrowski, and K. Bomsztyk 1993. Identification of an inducible 85-kDa nuclear protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 22143–22149.
  • Rastelli, L., C. S. Chen, and V. Pirrotta 1993. Related chromosome binding sites for zeste, suppressors of zeste and Polycomb group proteins in Drosophila and their dependence on Enhancer of zeste function. EMBO J. 12: 1513–1522.
  • Reuter, G., M. Giarre, J. Farah, J. Gausz, A. Spierer, and P. Spierer 1990. Dependence of position-effect variegation in Drosophila on dose of a gene encoding an unusual zinc-finger protein. Nature 344: 219–223.
  • Reuter, G., and P. Spierer 1992. Position effect variegation and chromatin structure. Bioessays 14: 605–612.
  • Richardson, C. A., K. L. Gordon, W. G. Couser, and K. Bomsztyk 1995. IL-1β increases laminin B2 chain mRNA levels and activates NF-κB in rat glomerular epithelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. 268: F273–F278.
  • Sadowski, I., and M. Ptashne 1989. A vector for expressing GAL4 (1-147) fusions in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 7539.
  • Sathe, S. S., and P. J. Harte 1995. The Drosophila extra sex combs protein contains WD motifs essential for its function as a repressor of homeotic genes. Mech. Dev. 52: 77–87.
  • Sathe, S. S., and P. J. Harte 1995. The extra sex combs protein is highly conserved between Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster. Mech. Dev. 52: 225–232.
  • Schumacher, A., C. Faust, and T. Magnuson 1996. Positional cloning of a global regulator of anterior-posterior patterning in mice. Nature 383: 250–253.
  • Sewalt, R. G. A. B., J. van der Vlag, M. J. Gunster, K. M. Hamer, J. L. den Blaauwen, D. P. E. Satijn, T. Hendrix, R. van Driel, and A. P. Otte 1998. Characterization of interaction between the mammalian Polycomb-group proteins Enx1/Ezh2 and Eed suggests the existence of different mammalian Polycomb-group protein complexes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 3586–3595.
  • Simon, J. 1995. Locking in stable states of gene expression: transcriptional control during Drosophila development. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7: 376–385.
  • Simon, J., D. Bornemann, K. Lunde, and C. Schwartz 1995. The extra sex combs product contains WD40 repeats and its time of action implies a role distinct from other Polycomb group products. Mech. Dev. 53: 197–208.
  • Simon, J., A. Chiang, W. Bender, M. J. Shimell, and M. O’Connor 1993. Elements of the Drosophila bithorax complex that mediate repression by Polycomb group products. Development 158: 131–144.
  • Singh, P. B. 1994. Molecular mechanisms of cellular determination: their relation to chromatin structure and parental imprinting. J. Cell Sci. 107: 2653–2668.
  • Struhl, G. 1981. A gene product required for correct initiation of segmental determination in Drosophila. Nature 293: 36–41.
  • Struhl, G. 1983. Role of the esc+ gene product in ensuring the selective expression of segment-specific homeotic genes in Drosophila. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 76: 297–331.
  • Struhl, G., and D. Brower 1992. Early role of the esc+ gene product in the determination of segments in Drosophila. Cell 31: 285–292.
  • Tschiersch, B., A. Hofmann, V. Krauss, R. Dorn, G. Korge, and G. Reuter 1994. The protein encoded by the Drosophila position-effect variegation suppressor gene Su(var)3-9 combines domains of antagonistic regulators of homeotic gene complexes. EMBO J. 13: 3822–3831.
  • van Lohuizen, M., M. Tijms, J. W. Voncken, A. Schumacher, T. Magnuson, and E. Wientjens 1998. Interaction of mouse Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins Enx1 and Enx2 with Eed: indication for separate PcG complexes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 3572–3579.
  • Vojtek, A. B., S. M. Hollenberg, and J. A. Cooper 1993. Mammalian Ras interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase Raf. Cell 74: 205–214.
  • White, R. A. H., and R. Lehmann 1986. A gap gene, hunchback, regulates the spatial expression of Ultrabithorax. Cell 47: 311–321.
  • Zhang, C.-C., and M. Bienz 1992. Segmental determination in Drosophila conferred by hunchback (hb), a repressor of the homeotic gene Ultrabothorax (Ubx). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 7511–7515.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.