Structure and Specificity of GATA Proteins in Th2 Development

REFERENCES

• Arceci, R. J., A. A. King, M. C. Simon, S. H. Orkin, and D. B. Wilson. 1993. Mouse GATA-4: a retinoic acid-inducible GATA-binding transcription factor expressed in endodermally derived tissues and heart. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:2235–2246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blobel, G. A., T. Nakajima, R. Eckner, M. Montminy, and S. H. Orkin. 1998. CREB-binding protein cooperates with transcription factor GATA-1 and is required for erythroid differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:2061–2066.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boyes, J., P. Byfield, Y. Nakatani, and V. Ogryzko. 1998. Regulation of activity of the transcription factor GATA-1 by acetylation. Nature 396:594–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasen, J. S., S. M. O'Connell, S. E. Flynn, M. Treier, A. S. Gleiberman, D. P. Szeto, F. Hooshmand, A. K. Aggarwal, and M. G. Rosenfeld. 1999. Reciprocal interactions of Pit1 and GATA2 mediate signaling gradient-induced determination of pituitary cell types. Cell 97:587–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorfman, D. M., D. B. Wilson, G. A. Bruns, and S. H. Orkin. 1992. Human transcription factor GATA-2: evidence for regulation of preproendothelin-1 gene expression in endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 267:1279–1285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durocher, D., F. Charron, R. Warren, R. J. Schwartz, and M. Nemer. 1997. The cardiac transcription factors Nkx2–5 and GATA-4 are mutual cofactors. EMBO J. 16:5687–5696.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrar, J. D., Smith, T. L. Murphy, and K. M. Murphy. 2000. Recruitment of stat4 to the human interferon-alpha/beta receptor requires activated stat2. J. Biol. Chem. 275:2693–2697.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• George, K. M., M. W. Leonard, M. E. Roth, K. H. Lieuw, D. Kioussis, F. Grosveld, and J. D. Engel. 1994. Embryonic expression and cloning of the murine GATA-3 gene. Development 120:2673–2686.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grepin, C., L. Dagnino, L. Robitaille, L. Haberstroh, T. Antakly, and M. Nemer. 1994. A hormone-encoding gene identifies a pathway for cardiac but not skeletal muscle gene transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:3115–3129.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henderson, A. J., S. McDougall, J. Leiden, and K. L. Calame. 1994. GATA elements are necessary for the activity and tissue specificity of the T-cell receptor beta-chain transcriptional enhancer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:4286–4294.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hendriks, R. W., M. C. Nawijn, J. D. Engel, H. van Doorninck, F. Grosveld, and A. Karis. 1999. Expression of the transcription factor GATA-3 is required for the development of the earliest T cell progenitors and correlates with stages of cellular proliferation in the thymus. Eur. J. Immunol. 29:1912–1918.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ho, I. C., M. R. Hodge, J. W. Rooney, and L. H. Glimcher. 1996. The proto-oncogene c-maf is responsible for tissue-specific expression of interleukin-4. Cell 85:973–983.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, I. C., P. Vorhees, N. Marin, B. K. Oakley, S. F. Tsai, S. H. Orkin, and J. M. Leiden. 1991. Human GATA-3: a lineage-restricted transcription factor that regulates the expression of the T cell receptor alpha gene. EMBO J. 10:1187–1192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh, C. S., S. E. Macatonia, A. O'Garra, and K. M. Murphy. 1993. Pathogen-induced Th1 phenotype development in CD4+ alpha beta-TCR transgenic T cells is macrophage dependent. Int. Immunol. 5:371–382.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hung, H. L., J. Lau, A. Y. Kim, M. J. Weiss, and G. A. Blobel. 1999. CREB-binding protein acetylates hematopoietic transcription factor GATA-1 at functionally important sites. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:3496–3505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, Y., and T. Evans. 1996. The Xenopus GATA-4/5/6 genes are associated with cardiac specification and can regulate cardiac-specific transcription during embryogenesis. Dev. Biol. (Orlando) 174:258–270.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joulin, V., D. Boris, J. F. Eliot, M. C. Laborite, S. Chretien, M. G. Mattei, and P. H. Romeo. 1991. A T-cell specific TCR delta DNA binding protein is a member of the human GATA family. EMBO J. 10:1809–1816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan, M. H., U. Schindler, S. T. Smiley, and M. J. Grusby. 1996. Stat6 is required for mediating responses to IL-4 and for development of Th2 cells. Immunity 4:313–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelley, C., H. Blumberg, L. I. Zon, and T. Evans. 1993. GATA-4 is a novel transcription factor expressed in endocardium of the developing heart. Development 118:817–827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. I., T. Li, I. C. Ho, M. J. Grusby, and L. H. Glimcher. 1999. Requirement for the c-Maf transcription factor in crystallin gene regulation and lens development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:3781–3785.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ko, L. J., and J. D. Engel. 1993. DNA-binding specificities of the GATA transcription factor family. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4011–4022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko, L. J., M. Yamamoto, M. W. Leonard, K. M. George, P. Ting, and J. D. Engel. 1991. Murine and human T-lymphocyte GATA-3 factors mediate transcription through a cis-regulatory element within the human T-cell receptor delta gene enhancer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:2778–2784.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kurschner, C., and J. I. Morgan. 1995. The maf proto-oncogene stimulates transcription from multiple sites in a promoter that directs Purkinje neuron-specific gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:246–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laverriere, A. C., C. MacNeill, C. Mueller, R. E. Poelmann, J. B. Burch, and T. Evans. 1994. GATA-4/5/6, a subfamily of three transcription factors transcribed in developing heart and gut. J. Biol. Chem. 269:23177–23184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, B., C. Tournier, R. J. Davis, and R. A. Flavell. 1999. Regulation of IL-4 expression by the transcription factor JunB during T helper cell differentiation. EMBO J. 18:420–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, L., J. C. Chambard, M. Karin, and E. N. Olson. 1992. Fos and Jun repress transcriptional activation by myogenin and MyoD: the amino terminus of Jun can mediate repression. Genes Dev. 6:676–689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, J. R., T. A. McKinsey, H. Xu, D. Z. Wang, J. A. Richardson, and E. N. Olson. 1999. FOG-2, a heart- and brain-enriched cofactor for GATA transcription factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:4495–4502.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martin, D. I., and S. H. Orkin. 1990. Transcriptional activation and DNA binding by the erythroid factor GF-1/NF-E1/Eryf 1. Genes Dev. 4:1886–1898.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merika, M., and S. H. Orkin. 1993. DNA-binding specificity of GATA family transcription factors. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3999–4010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrisey, E. E., H. S. Ip, M. M. Lu, and M. S. Parmacek. 1996. GATA-6: a zinc finger transcription factor that is expressed in multiple cell lineages derived from lateral mesoderm. Dev. Biol. (Orlando) 177:309–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrisey, E. E., H. S. Ip, Z. Tang, M. M. Lu, and M. S. Parmacek. 1997. GATA-5: a transcriptional activator expressed in a novel temporally and spatially-restricted pattern during embryonic development. Dev. Biol. (Orlando) 183:21–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishimura, S., S. Takahashi, T. Kuroha, N. Suwabe, T. Nagasawa, C. Trainor, and M. Yamamoto. 2000. A GATA box in the GATA-1 gene hematopoietic enhancer is a critical element in the network of GATA factors and sites that regulate this gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:713–723.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oosterwegel, M., J. Timmerman, J. Leiden, and H. Clevers. 1992. Expression of GATA-3 during lymphocyte differentiation and mouse embryogenesis. Dev. Immunol. 3:1–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ouyang, W., M. Lohning, Z. Gao, M. Assenmacher, S. Ranganath, A. Radbruch, and K. M. Murphy. 2000. Stat6-independent GATA-3 autoactivation directs IL-4-independent Th2 development and commitment. Immunity 12:27–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouyang, W., S. H. Ranganath, K. Weindel, D. Bhattacharya, T. L. Murphy, W. C. Sha, and K. M. Murphy. 1998. Inhibition of Th1 development mediated by GATA-3 through an IL-4-independent mechanism. Immunity 9:745–755.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandolfi, P. P., M. E. Roth, A. Karis, M. W. Leonard, E. Dzierzak, F. G. Grosveld, J. D. Engel, and M. H. Lindenbaum. 1995. Targeted disruption of the GATA3 gene causes severe abnormalities in the nervous system and in fetal liver haematopoiesis. Nat. Genet. 11:40–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pata, I., M. Studer, J. H. van Doorninck, J. Briscoe, S. Kuuse, J. D. Engel, F. Grosveld, and A. Karis. 1999. The transcription factor GATA3 is a downstream effector of Hoxb1 specification in rhombomere 4. Development 126:5523–5531.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pedone, P. V., J. G. Omichinski, P. Nony, C. Trainor, A. M. Gronenborn, G. M. Clore, and G. Felsenfeld. 1997. The N-terminal fingers of chicken GATA-2 and GATA-3 are independent sequence-specific DNA binding domains. EMBO J. 16:2874–2882.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ranganath, S., W. Ouyang, D. Bhattarcharya, W. C. Sha, A. Grupe, G. Peltz, and K. M. Murphy. 1998. GATA-3-dependent enhancer activity in IL-4 gene regulation. J. Immunol. 161:3822–3826.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rincon, M., B. Derijard, C. W. Chow, R. J. Davis, and R. A. Flavell. 1997. Reprogramming the signalling requirement for AP-1 (activator protein-1) activation during differentiation of precursor CD4+ T-cells into effector Th1 and Th2 cells. Genes Function 1:51–68.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodriguez-Palmero, M., T. Hara, A. Thumbs, and T. Hunig. 1999. Triggering of T cell proliferation through CD28 induces GATA-3 and promotes T helper type 2 differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Eur. J. Immunol. 29:3914–3924.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svensson, E. C., R. L. Tufts, C. E. Polk, and J. M. Leiden. 1999. Molecular cloning of FOG-2: a modulator of transcription factor GATA-4 in cardiomyocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:956–961.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Szabo, S. J., A. S. Dighe, U. Gubler, and K. M. Murphy. 1997. Regulation of the interleukin (IL)-12R beta 2 subunit expression in developing T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells. J. Exp. Med. 185:817–824.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szabo, S. J., J. S. Gold, T. L. Murphy, and K. M. Murphy. 1993. Identification of cis-acting regulatory elements controlling interleukin-4 gene expression in T cells: roles for NF-Y and NF-ATc. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4793–4805 (Erratum, 13:5928.)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szabo, S. J., N. G. Jacobson, A. S. Dighe, U. Gubler, and K. M. Murphy. 1995. Developmental commitment to the Th2 lineage by extinction of IL-12 signaling. Immunity 2:665–675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tevosian, S. G., A. E. Deconinck, A. B. Cantor, H. I. Rieff, Y. Fujiwara, G. Corfas, and S. H. Orkin. 1999. FOG-2: A novel GATA-family cofactor related to multitype zinc-finger proteins Friend of GATA-1 and U-shaped. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:950–955.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ting, C. N., M. C. Olson, K. P. Barton, and J. M. Leiden. 1996. Transcription factor GATA-3 is required for development of the T-cell lineage. Nature 384:474–478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai, F. Y., C. P. Browne, and S. H. Orkin. 1998. Knock-in mutation of transcription factor GATA-3 into the GATA-1 locus: partial rescue of GATA-1 loss of function in erythroid cells. Dev. Biol. (Orlando) 196:218–227.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tsai, F. Y., G. Keller, F. C. Kuo, M. Weiss, J. Chen, M. Rosenblatt, F. W. Alt, and S. H. Orkin. 1994. An early haematopoietic defect in mice lacking the transcription factor GATA-2. Nature 371:221–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai, S. F., D. I. Martin, L. I. Zon, A. D. D'Andrea, G. G. Wong, and S. H. Orkin. 1989. Cloning of cDNA for the major DNA-binding protein of the erythroid lineage through expression in mammalian cells. Nature 339:446–451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai, S. F., E. Strauss, and S. H. Orkin. 1991. Functional analysis and in vivo footprinting implicate the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 as a positive regulator of its own promoter. Genes Dev. 5:919–931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsang, A. P., J. E. Visvader, C. A. Turner, Y. Fujiwara, C. Yu, M. J. Weiss, M. Crossley, and S. H. Orkin. 1997. FOG, a multitype zinc finger protein, acts as a cofactor for transcription factor GATA-1 in erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation. Cell 90:109–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto, M., L. J. Ko, M. W. Leonard, H. Beug, S. H. Orkin, and J. D. Engel. 1990. Activity and tissue-specific expression of the transcription factor NF-E1 multigene family. Genes Dev. 4:1650–1662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Z., L. Gu, P. H. Romeo, D. Boris, H. Motohashi, M. Yamamoto, and J. D. Engel. 1994. Human GATA-3 trans-activation, DNA-binding, and nuclear localization activities are organized into distinct structural domains. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:2201–2212.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, D. H., L. Cohn, P. Ray, K. Bottomly, and A. Ray. 1997. Transcription factor GATA-3 is differentially expressed in murine Th1 and Th2 cells and controls Th2-specific expression of the interleukin-5 gene. J. Biol. Chem. 272:21597–21603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, P., G. Behre, J. Pan, A. Iwama, N. Wara-Aswapati, H. S. Radomska, P. E. Auron, D. G. Tenen, and Z. Sun. 1999. Negative cross-talk between hematopoietic regulators: GATA proteins repress PU.1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:8705–8710.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, W., and R. A. Flavell. 1997. The transcription factor GATA-3 is necessary and sufficient for Th2 cytokine gene expression in CD4 T cells. Cell 89:587–596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zon, L. I., S. F. Tsai, S. Burgess, P. Matsudaira, G. A. Bruns, and S. H. Orkin. 1990. The major human erythroid DNA-binding protein (GF-1): primary sequence and localization of the gene to the X chromosome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:668–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar