1
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Cell Growth and Development

Defective Posttranslational Processing Activates the Tyrosine Kinase Encoded by the MET Proto-Oncogene (Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor)

, &
Pages 6084-6092 | Received 10 Jun 1991, Accepted 22 Sep 1991, Published online: 31 Mar 2023

REFERENCES

  • Bargmann, C. I., M. C. Hung, and R. A. Weinberg. 1986. Multiple independent activations of the neu oncogene by point mutations altering the transmembrane domain of pl85. Cell 45:649-657.
  • Bishop, M. J. 1987. The molecular genetics of cancer. Science 235:305-311.
  • Bishop, M. J. 1991. Molecular themes in oncogenesis. Cell 64:235-248.
  • Bottaro, D. P., L. S. Rubin, D. L. Faletto, A. M.-L. Chan, Τ. Ε. Kmiecik, G. F. Vande Woude, and S. A. Aaronson. 1991. Identification of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor as the c-met proto-oncogene. Science 251:802-804.
  • Burnette, W. N. 1981. "Western blotting:" electrophoretic transfer of proteins from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl-amide gels to unmodified nitrocellulose and radiographic detection with antibody and radioiodinated protein A. Anal. Bio-chem. 112:195-204.
  • Cathala, G., J. F. Savouret, B. Mendez, B. L. West, M. Karin, J. A. Martial, and J. Baxter. 1983. A method for isolation of intact, translationally active ribonucleic acid? DNA 2:329-335.
  • Chan, A. M. L., H. W. S. King, E. A. Deaking, P. R. Tempest, J. Hilkens, V. Kroezen, D. R. Edwards, A. J. Wills, P. Brookes, and C. S. Cooper. 1988. Characterization of the mouse met proto-oncogene. Oncogene 2:593-600.
  • Cochet, C., O. Kashles, E. M. Chambaz, I. Borello, C. R. King, and J. Schlessinger. 1988. Demonstration of epidermal growth factor-induced receptor dimerization in living cells using a chemical covalent cross-linking agent. J. Biol. Chem. 263:3290-3295.
  • Comoglio, P. M., M. F. Di Renzo, G. Tarone, F. Giancotti, L. Naldini, and P. C. Marchisio. 1984. Detection of phosphoty-rosine containing proteins in the detergent-insoluble fraction of RSV-transformed fibroblasts by azobenzylphosphonate antibodies? EMBO J. 3:483-489.
  • Cooper, C. S., M. Park, D. Blair, M. A. Tainsky, K. Huebner, C. M. Croce, and G. F. Vande Woude. 1984. Molecular cloning of a new transforming gene from a chemically transformed human cell line. Nature (London) 311:29-33.
  • Coulier, F., R. Kumar, M. Ernst, R. Klein, D. Martin-Zanca, and M. Barbacid. 1990. Human trk oncogene activated by point mutation, in-frame deletion, and duplication of the tyrosine kinase domain. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:4202-4210.
  • Dean, M., M. Park, M. M. Le Beau, T. S. Robins, M. O. Diaz, J. D. Rowley, D. G. Blair, and G. F. Vande Woude. 1985. The human met oncogene is related to the tyrosine kinase oncogenes. Nature (London) 318:385-388.
  • Di Fiore, P. P., J. H. Pierce, M. H. Kraus, O. Segatto, C. R. King et al. 1987. erb-B 2 is a potent oncogene when overex-pressed in NIH/3T3 cells. Science 237:178-182.
  • Di Renzo, M. F., R. Ferracini, L. Naldini, S. Giordano, and P. M. Comoglio. 1986. Immunological detection of proteins phosphorylated at tyrosine in cells stimulated by growth factors or transformed by retroviral-oncogene-encoded proteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 158:383-391.
  • Downword, J., Y. Yarden, E. Mayes, G. Scrace, N. Totty, P. Stockwell, A. Ullrich, J. Schlessinger, and M. D. Waterfield. 1984. Close similarity of epidermal growth factor receptor and v-erbB oncogene protein sequences. Nature (London) 307:521-527.
  • Ferracini, R., P. Longati, L. Naldini, E. Vigna, and P. M. Comoglio. 1991. Identification of the major site of the Met/ hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. J. Biol. Chem., in press.
  • Garoff, H. 1985. Using recombinant DNA techniques to study protein targeting in eucaryotic cell. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 1:403-405.
  • Giordano, S. et al. Unpublished data.
  • Giordano, S., M. F. Di Renzo, R. Ferracini, L. Chiado-Piat, and P. M. Comoglio. 1988. pl45, a protein with associated tyrosine kinase activity in a human gastric carcinoma cell line. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:3510-3517.
  • Giordano, S., M. F. Di Renzo, R. Narsimhan, C. S. Cooper, C. Rosa, and P. M. Comoglio. 1989. Biosynthesis of the protein encoded by the c-met protooncogene. Oncogene 4:1383-1388.
  • Giordano, S., C. Ponzetto, M. F. Di Renzo, C. S. Cooper, and P. M. Comoglio. 1989. Tyrosine kinase receptor indistinguishable from the c-met protein. Nature (London) 339:155-156.
  • Gonzatti-Haces, M., A. Seth, M. Park, T. Copeland, S. Oroszlan, and G. F. Vande Woude. 1988. Characterization of the TRP-MET oncogene p65 and the MET protooncogene pl40 protein-tyrosine kinases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:21-25.
  • Greenfield, C., I. Hils, M. D. Waterfield, W. Federwisch, A. Wollmer, T. L. Blundell, and N. McDonald. 1989. EGF binding induces a conformational change in the external domain of its receptor? EMBO J. 8:4115-4124.
  • Hammacher, Α., Κ. Mellstrom, C.-H. Heldin, and B. Westermark. 1989. Isoform-specific induction of actin reorganization by platelet-derived growth factor suggests that the functional active receptor is a dimer? EMBO J. 8:2489-2495.
  • Hanks, S. Κ., Α. Μ. Quinn, and T. Hunter. 1988. The protein kinase family: conserved features and deduced phylogeny of the catalytic domains. Science 241:42-52.
  • Heldin, C. H., A. Ernlund, C. Rorsman, and L. Ronnstrand. 1989. Dimerization of the b-type platelet-derived growth-factor receptors occurs after ligand binding and is closely associated with receptor kinase activation. J. Biol. Chem. 264:8905-8912.
  • Hudziak, R. M., J. Schlessinger, and A. Ullrich. 1987. Increased expression of the putative growth factor receptor p185HER2 causes transformation and tumorigenesis of NIH 3T3 cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:7159-7163.
  • Hunter, T. 1987. A thousand and one protein kinases. Cell 50:823-829.
  • Hunter, T. 1991. Cooperation between oncogenes. Cell 64:249-270.
  • Hunter, T., and J. Cooper. 1985. Protein tyrosine kinases. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 54:897-930.
  • Khazaie, K., T. J. Dull, T. Graf, J. Schlessinger, A. Ullrich, H. Beug, and B. Vennstrom. 1988. Truncation of the human EGF receptor leads to differential transforming potentials in primary avian fibroblasts and erythroblasts? EMBO J. 7:3061-3071.
  • Laemmli, U. K. 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature (London) 230:680-685.
  • Martin-Zanca, D., S. H. Hughes, and M. Barbacid. 1986. A human oncogene formed by the fusion of truncated tropomyosin and protein tyrosine kinase sequences. Nature (London) 319:743-748.
  • Miyazawa, K., H. Tsuboochi, D. Naka, K. Takahashi, M. Okigaki, N. Arikaki, H. Nakayama, S. Hirono, O. Sakiyama, E. Gohoda, Y. Daikuhara, and N. Kitamura. 1989. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human hepatocyte growth factor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 163:967-973.
  • Motoyama, T., H. Hojo, T. Suzuki, and S. Oboshi. 1984. Evaluation of the regrowth assay method as an in vitro drug sensitivity test and its application to cultured human gastric cancer cell lines. Acta Med. Biol. 27:49-52.
  • Nakamura, T., T. Nishizawa, M. Hagiya, T. Seki, M. Shimonishi, A. Sugimura, K. Tashiro, and S. Shimizu. 1989. Molecular cloning and expression of human hepatocyte growth factor. Nature (London) 342:440-441.
  • Naldini, L., A. Stacchini, D. M. Cirillo, M. Aglietta, F. Gavosto, and P. M. Comoglio. 1986. Phosphotyrosine antibodies identified the pl20c-abl tyrosine kinase and proteins phosphorylated on tyrosine in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:1803-1811.
  • Naldini, L., E. Vigna, R. Ferracini, P. Longati, L. Gandino, M. Prat, and P. M. Comoglio. 1991. The tyrosine kinase encoded by the MET proto-oncogene is activated by autophosphorylation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:1793-1803.
  • Naldini, L., E. Vigna, R. Narsihman, G. Gaudino, R. Zarnegar, G. K. Michalopulos, and P. M. Comoglio. 1991. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor encoded by the proto-oncogene c-MET. Oncogene 6:501-504.
  • Naldini, L., K. M. Weidner, E. Vigna, G. Gaudino, C. Ponzetto, R. Narsihman, G. Hartmann, R. Zarnegar, G. K. Michalopulos, W. Birchmeier, and P. M. Comoglio. 1991. Scatter factor and hepatocyte growth factor are indistinguishable ligands for the MET receptor. EMBO J., in press.
  • Neurath, H. 1989. Proteolytic processing and physiological regulation. Trends Biochem. Sci. 14:268-271.
  • Park, M., M. Dean, C. S. Cooper, M. Schmidt, S. J. O’Brian, D. G. Blair, and G. F. Vande Woude. 1986. Mechanism of met oncogene activation. Cell 45:895-904.
  • Park, M., M. Dean, K. Kaul, M. J. Braun, M. A. Gonda, and G. Vande Woude. 1987. Sequence of MET protooncogene cDNA has features characteristic of the tyrosine kinase family of growth-factor receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:6379-6383.
  • Ponzetto, C., S. Giordano, F. Paverali, G. Delia Valle, M. L. Abate, G. Vaula, and P. M. Comoglio. 1991. c-met is amplified but not mutated in a cell line with an activated met tyrosine kinase. Oncogene 6:553-559.
  • Prat, M., T. Crepaldi, L. Gandino, S. Giordano, P. Longati, and P. M. Comoglio. 1991. C-terminal-truncated forms of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:5954-5962.
  • Qiu, F., P. Ray, K. Brown, P. E. Barker, S. Jhanwar, F. H. Ruddle, and P. Besmer. 1988. Primary structure of c-kit: relationship with the CSF-1/PDGF receptor kinase family-onco-genic activation of v-kit involves deletion of extracellular domain and C-terminus? EMBO J. 7:1003-1011.
  • Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
  • Schlessinger, J. 1988. Signal transduction by allosteric receptor oligomerization. Trends Biochem. Sci. 13:443-447.
  • Seifert, R. Α., C. E. Hart, and P. E. Philips. 1989. Two different subunits associate to create isoform-specific platelet-derived growth factor receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 264:8771-8778.
  • Shoelson, S. E., M. F. White, and C. R. Khan. 1988. Tryptic activation of the insulin receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 263:4852-4860.
  • Stoker, M., E. Gherardi, M. Ferryman, and J. Grey. 1987. Scatter factor is a fibroblast-derived modulator of epithelial cell mobility. Nature (London) 327:239-242.
  • Takahashi, M., and G. M. Cooper. 1987. ret transforming gene encodes a fusion protein homologous to tyrosine kinases. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:1378-1385.
  • Tashiro, K., M. Hagiya, T. Nishizawa, T. Seki, S. Shomunishi, and T. Nakamura. 1990. Deduced primary structure of rat hepatocyte growth factor and expression of the mRNA in rat tissues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:3200-3204.
  • Tempest, P. R., C. S. Cooper, and G. N. Major. 1986. The activated human met gene encodes a protein tyrosine kinase? FEBS Lett. 209:357-361.
  • Tempest, P. R., M. R. Stratton, and C. S. Cooper. 1988. Structure of the met protein and variation of met protein kinase activity among human tumour cell lines. Br. J. Cancer 58:3-7.
  • Towbin, H., T. Staehelin, and J. Gordon. 1979. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:4350-4353.
  • Ullrich, Α., and J. Schlessinger. 1990. Signal transduction by receptors with tyrosine kinase activity. Cell 61:203-212.
  • Wahl, G., M. Stern, and R. Stark. 1979. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxy-methyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:3683-3687.
  • Weidner, K. M., N. Arakaki, J. Vanderkerkovc, S. Weingart, G. Hartmann, H. Rieder, C. Fonatsch, H. Tsubouchi, T. Hishida, Y. Daikuhara, and W. Birchmeier. Evidence for the identity of human scatter factor and hepatocyte growth factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 58:7001-7005.
  • Woolford, J. W., A. McAuliffe, and L. R. Rohrschneider. 1988. Activation of the feline c-fms proto-oncogene: multiple alterations are required to generate a fully transformed phenotype. Cell 55:965-967.
  • Yarden, Y., and J. Schlessinger. 1987. Self-phosphorylation of epidermal growth-factor receptor: evidence for a model of intermolecular allosteric activation. Biochemistry 26:1434-1442.
  • Yarden, Y., and J. Schlessinger. 1987. Epidermal growth factor induces rapid reversible aggregation of the purified epidermal growth factor receptor. Biochemistry 26:1443-1451.
  • Yarden, Y., and A. Ullrich. 1988. Growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:443-478.
  • Zarnegar, R., and G. Michalopulous. 1989. Purification and biological characterization of human hepatopoietin A, a polypeptide growth factor for hepatocytes. Cancer Res. 49:3314-3320.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.