Transcriptional Down-Regulation of N-myc Expression during B-Cell Development

REFERENCES

• Andersson, J., O. Sjoberg, and G. Moller. 1972. Induction of immunoglobulin and antibody synthesis in vitro by lipopolysaccharides. Eur. J. Immunol. 2:349–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babiss, L. E., and J. M. Friedman. 1990. Regulation of N-myc gene expression: use of an adenovirus vector to demonstrate posttranscriptional control. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:6700–6708.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bender, T., C. Thompson, and W. Kuehl. 1987. Differential expression of c-myb mRNA in murine B lymphomas by a block to transcriptional elongation. Science 237:1473–1476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bender, T. P., and W. M. Kuehl. 1987. Differential expression of the c-myb proto-oncogene marks the pre-B cell/B cell junction in murine B lymphoid tumors. J. Immunol. 139:3822–3827.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bentley, D. L., and M. Groudine. 1986. A block to elongation is largely responsible for decreased transcription of c-myc in differentiated HL60 cells. Nature (London) 321:702–706.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackwell, T. K., and F. W. Alt. 1984. Site-specific recombination between immunoglobulin D and JH segments that were introduced into the genome of a murine pre-B cell line. Cell 37:105–112.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Briggs, M. R., J. T. Kadonaga, S. P. Bell, and R. Tjian. 1986. Purification and biochemical characterization of the promoterspecific transcription factor Spl. Science 234:47–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, G. R., K. Zimmerman, R. D. Blank, F. W. Alt, and P. D’Eustachio. 1989. Chromosomal location of N-myc and L-myc genes in the mouse. Oncogene Res. 4:47–54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cole, M. 1986. The myc oncogene: its role in transformation and differentiation. Annu. Rev. Genet. 20:361–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collum, R. G., and F. W. Alt. 1990. Are myc proteins transcription factors? Cancer Cells 2:69–75.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DePinho, R. A., E. Legouy, L. B. Feldman, N. E. Kohl, G. D. Yancopoulos, and F. W. Alt. 1986. Structure and expression of the murine N-myc gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:1827–1831.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Downs, K. M., G. R. Martin, and J. M. Bishop. 1989. Contrasting patterns of myc and N-myc expression during gastrulation of the mouse embryo. Genes Dev. 3:860–869.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fahrlander, P. D., M. Piechaczyk, and K. B. Marcu. 1985. Chromatin structure of the murine c-myc locus: implications for the regulation of normal and chromosomally translocated genes. EMBO J. 4:3195–3202.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fort, P., L. Marty, M. Piechaczyk, S. El Sabrouty, C. Dani, P. Jeanteur, and J. M. Blanchard. 1985. Various rat adult tissues express only one major mRNA species from the glyceralde- hyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase multigene family. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:1431–1442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Getter, M., D. Margulies, and M. Scharff. 1977. A simple method for polyethylene glycol-promoted hybridization of mouse myeloma cells. Somatic Cell Genet. 3:231–236.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gross, D. S., and W. T. Garrard. 1988. Nuclease hypersensitive sites in chromatin. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:159–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grosveld, F., G. B. van Assendelft, D. R. Greaves, and G. Kollias. 1987. Position-independent, high-level expression of the human β-globin gene in transgenic mice. Cell 51:975–985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgs, D. R., W. G. Wood, A. P. Jarman, J. Sharpe, J. Lida, I.-M. Pretorius, and H. Ayyub. 1990. A major positive regulatory region located far upstream of the human α-globin gene locus. Genes Dev. 4:1588–1601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt, P., D. Robertson, D. Weiss, D. Rennick, F. Lee, and Ο. N. Witte. 1987. A single bone marrow-derived stromal cell type supports the in vitro growth of early lymphoid and myeloid cells. Cell 48:997–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, K., B. H. Cochran, C. D. Stiles, and P. Leder. 1983. Cell-specific regulation of the c-myc gene by lymphocyte mitogens and platelet-derived growth factor. Cell 35:603–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohl, N. E., C. E. Gee, and F. W. Alt. 1984. Activated expression of the N-myc gene in human neuroblastomas and related tumors. Science 226:1335–1337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohl, N. E., N. Kanda, R. R. Schreck, G. Bruns, S. A. Latt, F. Gilbert, and F. W. Alt. 1983. Transposition and amplification of oncogene-related sequences in human neuroblastomas. Cell 35:359–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovesdi, I., R. Reichel, and J. R. Nevins. 1986. Identification of a cellular transcription factor involved in E1A trans-activation. Cell 45:219–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krystal, G., M. Birrer, J. Way, M. Nau, E. Sausville, C. Thompson, J. Minna, and J. Battey. 1988. Multiple mechanisms for transcriptional regulation of the myc gene family in smallcell lung cancer. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:3373–3381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legouy, E., R. DePinho, K. Zimmerman, R. Collum, G. Yancopoulos, L. Mitsock, R. Kriz, and F. W. Alt. 1987. Structure and expression of the murine L-myc gene. EMBO J. 6:3359–3366.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Linial, M., N. Gunderson, and M. Groudine. 1985. Enhanced transcription of c-myc in bursal lymphoma cells requires continuous protein synthesis. Science 230:1126–1132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luscher, B., and R. N. Eisenman. 1990. New light on Myc and Myb. Part I. Myc. Genes Dev. 4:2025–2035.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutzker, S., P. Rothman, R. Pollock, R. Coffman, and F. W. Alt. 1988. Mitogen- and IL-4-regulated expression of germ-line Ig gamma 2b transcripts: evidence for directed heavy chain class switching. Cell 53:177–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mather, E. L., F. W. Alt, A. L. Bothwell, D. Baltimore, and M. E. Koshland. 1981. Expression of J chain RNA in cell lines representing different stages of B lymphocyte differentiation. Cell 23:369–378.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller, H., C. Asselin, D. Dufort, J. Q. Yang, K. Gupta, K. B. Marcu, and A. Nepveu. 1989. A cis-acting element in the promoter region of the murine c-myc gene is necessary for transcriptional block. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:5340–5349.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morrow, M., G. Lee, S. Gillis, G. D. Yancopoulos, and F. W. Alt. 1992. Interleukin-7 induces N-myc and c-myc expression in normal precursor B lymphocytes. Genes Dev. 6:61–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mugrauer, G., F. W. Alt, and P. Ekblom. 1988. N-myc protooncogene expression during organogenesis in the developing mouse as revealed by in situ hybridization. J. Cell Biol. 107:1325–1335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nepveu, A., and K. B. Marcu. 1986. Intragenic pausing and anti-sense transcription within the murine c-myc locus. EMBO J. 5:2859–2865.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peavy, D. L., W. H. Adler, and R. T. Smith. 1970. The mitogenic effects of endotoxin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B on mouse spleen cells and human peripheral lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 105:1453–1458.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sakaguchi, N., C. Berger, and F. Melchers. 1986. Isolation of a cDNA copy of an RNA species expressed in murine preB cells. EMBO J. 5:2139–2147.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stanton, L. W., P. D. Fahrlander, P. M. Tesser, and K. B. Marcu. 1984. Nucleotide sequence comparison of normal and translocated murine c-myc genes. Nature (London) 310:423–425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitlock, C. A., G. F. Tidmarsh, C. Muller-Sieburg, and I. L. Weissman. 1987. Bone marrow stromal cell lines with lymphopoietic activity express high levels of a pre-B neoplasia- associated molecule. Cell 48:1009–1021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitlock, C. A., S. F. Ziegler, L. J. Trieman, J. I. Stafford, and Ο. N. Witte. 1983. Differentiation of cloned populations of immature B cells after transformation with Abelson murine leukemia virus. Cell 32:903–911.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yancopoulos, G. D., T. K. Blackwell, H. Suh, L. Hood, and F. W. Alt. 1986. Introduced T cell receptor variable region gene segments recombine in pre-B cells: evidence that B and T cells use a common recombinase. Cell 44:251–259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yancopoulos, G. D., E. M. Oltz, G. Rathbun, J. E. Berman, R. K. Smith, R. D. Lansford, P. Rothman, A. Okada, G. Lee, M. Morrow, K. Kaplan, S. Prockop, and F. W. Alt. 1990. Isolation of coordinately regulated genes that are expressed in discrete stages of B-cell development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:5759–5763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman, K., and F. W. Alt. 1990. Expression and function of myc family genes. Crit. Rev. Oncogenes 2:75–95.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zimmerman, K., E. Legouy, V. Stewart, R. Depinho, and F. W. Alt. 1990. Differential regulation of the N-myc gene in transfected cells and transgenic mice. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:2096–2103.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zimmerman, K. A., G. D. Yancopoulos, R. G. Collum, R. K. Smith, N. E. Kohl, K. A. Denis, M. M. Nau, Ο. N. Witte, A. D. Toran, C. E. Gee, J. Minna, and F. W. Alt. 1986. Differential expression of myc family genes during murine development. Nature (London) 319:780–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar