Transcription of the Mouse Dihydrofolate Reductase Gene Proceeds Unabated Through Seven Polyadenylation Sites and Terminates Near a Region of Repeated DNA

LITERATURE CITED

• Alt, F. W., Kellems, R. E., and Schimke, R. T. 1976. Synthesis and degradation of folate reductase in sensitive and methotrex-ate-resistant lines of S-180 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 251:3063–3074.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birchmeier, C., Schumperli, D., Sconzo, G., and Birnstiel, M. L. 1984. 3′ editing of mRNAs: sequence requirements and involvement of a 60-nucleotide RNA in maturation of histone mRNA precursors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:1057–1061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, S. D. M., and Dover, G. 1981. Organization and evolutionary progress of a dispersed repetitive family of sequences in widely separated rodent genomes. J. Mol. Biol. 150:441–466.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chang, A. C. Y., Nunberg, J. H., Kaufman, R. J., Erlich, H. A., Schimke, R. T., and Cohen, S. N. 1978. Phenotypic expression in E. coli of a DNA sequence coding for mouse dihydrofolate reductase. Nature (London) 275:617–624.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, S.-M., and Schildkraut, C. L. 1980. A family of moderately repetitive sequences in mouse DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 8:4075–4090.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crouse, G. F., Simonsen, C. C., McEwan, R. N., and Schimke, R. T. 1982. Structure of amplified normal and variant dihydrofolate reductase genes in mouse sarcoma S180 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 257:7887–7897.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Darnell, J. E., Jr. 1982. Variety in the level of gene control in eukaryotic cells. Nature (London) 297:365–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federspiel, N. A., Beverley, S. M., Schilling, J. W., and Schimke, R. T. 1984. Novel DNA rearrangements are associated with dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification. J. Biol. Chem. 259:9127–9140.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ford, J. P., and Hsu, M.-T. 1978. Transcription pattern of in vivo-labeled late simian virus 40 RNA: equimolar transcription beyond the mRNA 3′ terminus. J. Virol. 28:795–801.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Groudine, M., Peretz, M., and Weintraub, H. 1981. Transcriptional regulation of hemoglobin switching in chicken embryos. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1:281–288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakala, M. T., Zakrzewski, S. F., and Nichol, C. A. 1961. Relation of folic acid reductase to amethopterin resistance in cultured mammalian cells. J. Biol. Chem. 236:952–958.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heller, D., Jackson, M., and Leinwald, L. 1984. Organization and expression of non-Alu family interspersed repetitive DNA sequences in the mouse genome. J. Mol. Biol. 173:419–436.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hofer, E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. 1981. The primary transcription unit of the mouse β-major globin gene. Cell 23:585–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krieg, P. A., and Melton, D. A. 1984. Formation of the 3′ end of histone mRNA by post-transcriptional processing. Nature (London) 308:203–206.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leys, E. J., Crouse, G. F., and Kellems, R. E. 1984. Dihydrofolate reductase gene expression in cultured mouse cells is regulated by transcript stabilization in the nucleus. J. Cell Biol. 99:180–187.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leys, E. J., and Kellems, R. E. 1981. Control of dihydrofolate reductase messenger ribonucleic acid production. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1:961–971.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McKnight, G. S., and Palmiter, R. 1979. Transcriptional regulation of the ovalbumin and conalbumin genes by steroid hormones in chick oviduct. J. Biol. Chem. 254:9050–9058.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messing, J. 1983. New M13 vectors for cloning. Methods Enzymol. 101:20–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meunier-Rotival, M., and Bernardi, G. 1984. The Bam repeats of the mouse genome belong in several superfamilies, the longest of which is over 9 kb in size. Nucleic Acids Res. 12:1593–1608.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nevins, J. R. 1983. The pathway of eukaryotic mRNA formation. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52:441–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nevins, J. R., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. 1978. Steps in the processing of Ad2 mRNA: poly(A)+ nuclear sequences are conserved and poly(A) addition precedes splicing. Cell 15:1477–1493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nunberg, J. H., Kaufman, R. J., Chang, A. C. Y., Cohen, S. N., and Schimke, R. T. 1980. Structure and genomic organization of the mouse dihydrofolate reductase gene. Cell 19:355–364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Setzer, D. R., McGrogan, M., Nunberg, J. H., and Schimke, R. T. 1980. Size heterogeneity in the 3′ end of dihydrofolate reductase messenger RNAs in mouse cells. Cell 22:361–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Setzer, D. R., McGrogan, M., and Schimke, R. T. 1982. Nucleotide sequence surrounding multiple polyadenylation sites in the mouse dihydrofolate reductase gene. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 5143–5147.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar