A Silencer Element from the α-Globin Gene Inhibits Expression of β-Like Genes

Literature Cited

• Adhya, S., and M. Gottesman. 1982. Promoter occlusion: transcription through a promoter may inhibit its activity. Cell 29:939-944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antoniou, M., E. deBoer, G. Habets, and F. Grosveld. 1988. The human p-globin gene contains multiple regulatory regions: identification of one promoter and two downstream enhancers. EMBO J. 7:377-384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atweh, G. F., N. P. Anagnou, J. Shearin, B. G. Forget, and R. E. Kauffman. 1985. p-Thalassemia resulting from a single nucleotide substitution in an acceptor splice site. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:777-790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behringer, R. R., R. E. Hammer, R. L. Brinster, R. D. Palmiter, and T. M. Townes. 1987. Two 3′ sequences direct adult erythroid-specific expression of human β-globin genes in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:7056-7060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodine, D. M., and T. J. Ley. 1987. An enhancer element lies 3′ to the human Ay-globin gene. EMBO J. 6:2997-3004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand, A. H., L. Breeden, J. Abraham, R. Stemglanz, and K. Nasmyth. 1985. Characterization of a “silencer” in yeast: a DNA sequence with properties opposite to those of a transcriptional enhancer. Cell 41:41-48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunn, H. F., and B. G. Forget. 1986. Hemoglobin: molecular, genetic and clinical aspects. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
   Google Scholar
• Charnay, P., R. Treisman, P. Mellon, M. Chao, R. Axel, and R. Maniatis. 1984. Differences in human a- and p-globin gene expression in mouse erythroleukemia cells: the role of intragenic sequences. Cell 38:251-263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullen, B. R., P. T. Lomedico, and G. Ju. 1984. Transcriptional interference in avian retroviruses—implications for the promoter insertion model of leukaemogenesis. Nature (London) 307:241-245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphries, R. K., T. Ley, P. Turner, A. D. Moulton, and A. W. Nienhuis. 1982. Differences in human a-, p-, and 8-globin gene expression in monkey kidney cells. Cell 30:173-183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laimins, L., M. Holmgren-Konig, and G. Khoury. 1986. Transcriptional “silencer” element in rat repetitive sequences associated with the rat insulin 1 gene locus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:3151-3155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maniatis, T., E. F. Fritsch, and J. Sambrook. 1982. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
   Google Scholar
• Maniatis, T., S. Goodbum, and J. A. Fischer. 1987. Regulation of inducible and tissue-specific gene expression. Science 236:1237-1245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellon, P., V. Parker, Y. Gluzman, and T. Maniatis. 1981. Identification of DNA sequences required for transcription of the human al-globin gene in a new SV40 host-vector system. Cell 27:279-288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seed, B. 1983. Identification of genomic sequences from bacteriophage libraries by recombination and selection in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 11:2427-2445.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Treisman, R., M. R. Green, and T. Maniatis. 1983. cis- and rrarts-activation of globin gene transcription in transient assays. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:7428-7432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treisman, R., S. H. Orkin, and T. Maniatis. 1983. Specific transcription and RNA splicing defects in five cloned p-thalas- semia genes. Nature (London) 302:591-596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trudel, M., J. Magram, L. Bruckner, and F. Costantini. 1987. Upstream Gy-globin and downstream p-globin sequences required for stage-specific expression in transgenic mice. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:4024-4029.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wright, S., A. Rosenthal, R. Flavell, and F. Grosveld. 1984. DNA sequences required for regulated expression of p-globin genes in murine erythroleukemia cells. Cell 38:265-273.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu, R., and E. Taylor. 1971. Nucleotide sequence analysis of DNA. II. Complete nucleotide sequence of the cohesive ends of bacteriophage lambda DNA. J. Mol. Biol. 57:491-511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar