Migration Patterns and Influence of Support Networks: A Case Study of West Africans in the Netherlands

References

• Al-Ali, A., Black, R. and Koser, K. (2001) ‘Refugees and Transnationalism: The Experience of Bosnians and Eritreans in Europe,’ Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 27 (4): 615-34.
   Google Scholar
• Alitolppa-Niitamo, A. (2004) ‘Somali Youth in the Context of Schooling in Metropolitan Helsinki: A Framework for Assessing Variability in Educational Performance,’ Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30 (1): 81-106.
   Google Scholar
• Andall, J. (2002) ‘Second-generationAttitudes? African-Italians in Milan,’ Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 28 (3): 38-407.
   Google Scholar
• Banton, M. (1955) The Coloured Quarter: Negro Immigrants in an English City, Jonathan Cape, London.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1986) ‘The Forms of Capital,’ in Richardson, J.G. (ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology and Education, Greenwood Press, New York, pp. 241-58.
   Google Scholar
• Breckner, R. (2007) ‘Case-Oriented Comparative Approaches. The Biographical Perspective as Potential and Challenge in Migration Research,’ in Schittenhelm, K. (ed.), Concepts and Methods in Migration Research, Available at: www.culturalcapital.net [Accessed on 20 August 20081.
   Google Scholar
• CBS. (2004)Allochtonen in Nederland 2004, Centraal Bureau voor de Statistieken (Central Bureau of Statistics) (CBS), Voorburg/Heerlen.
   Google Scholar
• Charles, C. (1992) Transnationalism in the Construct of Haitian Migrants’ Racial Categories of Identity in New York City,’ in Glick Schiller, N., Bash, L. and Blanc-Szanton, C. (eds), Towards a Transnational Perspective on Migration: Race, Class, Ethnicity, and Nationalism Reconsidered, The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, pp. 101-23.
   Google Scholar
• Chelpi-den Hamer, M. (2005) Migration Patterns of West African Migrants in the Netherlands and Influence of their Supportive Networks. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Unpublished Master’s thesis.
   Google Scholar
• Courade, G. (1997) ‘Zoom sur...’ (Focus on ...) Politique Africaine 67: 21-30.
   Google Scholar
• Engbersen, G. (2001) ‘The Unanticipated Consequences of Panopticon Europe: Residence Strategies of Illegal Immigrants,’ in Guiraudon, V. and Joppke, C. (eds), Controlling a New Migration World, Routledge, London, pp. 222-46.
   Google Scholar
• Engbersen, G. and van der Leun, J. (2001) ‘The Social Construction of Illegality and Criminality,’ European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 9 (1): 51-70.
   Google Scholar
• Gish, O. (1968) ‘Color and Skill: British Immigration, 1955-1968,’ International Migration Review 3 (1): 19-37.
   Google Scholar
• Guarnizo, L.E., Sanchez, A. and Roach, E. (1999) ‘Mistrust, Fragmented Solidarity, and Transnational Migration: Colombians in New York City and Los Angeles, ‘Ethnic and Racial Studies 22 (2): 367-96.
   Google Scholar
• Guarnizo, L.E., Portes, A. and Haller, W. (2003) ‘Assimilation and Transnationalism: Determinants of Transnational Political Action among Contemporary Migrants,’ American Journal of Sociology 108 (6): 1211-48.
   Google Scholar
• Ifekwunigwe, J.O. (2003) ‘Scattered Belongings—Reconfiguring the “African” in the English-African Diaspora,’ in Koser, K. (ed.), New African Diasporas, Routledge, London, pp. 56-70.
   Google Scholar
• Jerrome, D. (1978) ‘Migrants or Settlers? The Ibo in London,’ Africa 48 (4): 369-79.
   Google Scholar
• Kessel, I. van and Tellegen, N. (2000) Afrikanen in Nederland (Africans in the Netherlands) Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen/Afrika-Studiecentrum (The African Studies Centre), Amsterdam/Leiden.
   Google Scholar
• Koser, K. (2003) ‘Mobilizing New African Diasporas—An Eritrean Case Study,’ in Koser, K. (ed.), New African Diasporas, Routledge, London, pp. 111-23.
   Google Scholar
• Kuami Kuagbenou, V. (1997) ‘Integration ou assimilation: l’epreuve des faits’ (Integration or Assimilation : The Facts), Politique Africaine 67: 31-40.
   Google Scholar
• Marques, M., Santos, R. and Araujo, F. (2001) `Ariane’s Thread: Cape Verdeans Women in Transnational Webs,’ Global Networks 1 (3): 283-306.
   Google Scholar
• Massey, D.S. (2001) ‘Theory of Migration’, in Smelser, N. and Baltes, P. (eds), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 9828-834.
   Google Scholar
• Massey, D.S, Goldring, L. and Durand, J. (1994) ‘Continuities in Transnational Migration: An Analysis of Nineteen Mexican Communities,’ American Journal of Sociology 99 (6): 1492-533.
   Google Scholar
• Mazzucato, V. (2006) ‘The Role of Transnational Networks and Legal Status in Securing a Living: Ghanaian Migrants in the Netherlands.’ Paper presented at the COMPAS Annual International Conference on ‘International Labour Migration: In Whose Interests?’, 5-6 July, Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Mazzucato, V., van Dijk, R, Horst, C. and de Vries, P. (2004) ‘Transcending the Nation: Explorations of Transnationalism as a Concept and Phenomenon,’ in Kalb, D. Pansters, W. and Siebers, H. (eds), Globalization and Development. Themes and Concepts in Current Research, Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht, pp. 131-62.
   Google Scholar
• Mendoza, C. (2000) ‘African Employment in Iberian Construction: A Cross-border Analysis,’ Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 26 (4): 609-34.
   Google Scholar
• Nimako, K. (2000) De Ghanese Gemeenschaap in Amsterdam: Emancipatie Op Eigen Kracht, OBEE Consultancy, Amsterdam.
   Google Scholar
• Portes, A. (1998) ‘Social Capital: Its Origins andApplications in Modern Sociology,’ Annual Review of Sociology 24 (August 1998): 1-24.
   Google Scholar
• Portes, A. and Guarnizo, L.E. (1991) Capitalistas del Tropico: La Inmigracion en los Estados Unidos y el Desarrollo de la Pequena Empresa en la Republica Dominicana (Tropical Capitalists: US-Bound Immigration and Small-Enterprise Development in the Dominican Republic), The John Hopkins University, Santo Domingo, Flacso.
   Google Scholar
• Portes, A., Guarnizo, L.E. and Haller, W. (2002) Transnational Entrepreneurs: An Alternative Form of Immigrant Economic Adaptation,’ American Sociological Review 67 (2): 278-98.
   Google Scholar
• Riccio, B. (2003) ‘More than a Trade Diaspora—Senegalese Transnational experiences in Emilia-Romagna (Italy); in Koser, K. (ed.), New African Diasporas, Routledge, London, pp. 95-110.
   Google Scholar
• Robin, N. (1996) Atlas des migrations ouest-africaines vers l’Europe, 1985-1993 (Atlas of West-African Migrations to Europe, 1985-1993), Orstom, Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Scheyvens, R., Nowak, B. and Scheyvens, H. (2003) ‘Ethical Issues’, in Scheyvens, R. and Storey, D. (eds), Development Fieldwork, a Practical Guide, Sage Publications, London, pp. 139-66.
   Google Scholar
• Simon, P. (2003) ‘France and the Unknown Second Generation—Preliminary Results on Social Mobility,’ International Migration Review 37 (4): 1091-119.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, M.P. (1998) ‘Transnational Localities: Community, Technology and the Politics of Membership within the Context of Mexico and US Migration,’ in Smith, M.P. and Guarnizo, L.E. (eds), Transnationalism from Below, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, pp. 196-238.
   Google Scholar
• Styan, D. (2003) ‘La Nouvelle Vague? Recent Francophone African Settlement in London,’ in Koser, K. (ed.), New African Diasporas, Routledge, London, pp. 17-36.
   Google Scholar
• Woolcock, M. and Narayan, D. (1999) ‘Social Capital: Implications for Development Theory, Research and Policy,’ World Bank Research Observer 15 (2): 225-249.
   Google Scholar
• WRR (Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid) (Scientific Council for Government Policy) (2001)Nederland als immigratiesamenleving (The Netherlands as Immigration Society), Rapporten aan de Regering No. 60. (Report to the Government No. 60), SDU Uitgevers (SDU Publishers), Den Haag.
   Google Scholar