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Yorkshire Archaeological Journal
A Review of History and Archaeology in the County
Volume 84, 2012 - Issue 1
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Original Article

The Effects of Enclosure on Ancient Roads: A Case Study of Weeton Township, Lower Wharfedale

Pages 188-204 | Published online: 12 Nov 2013

  • Steven Hollowell, Enclosure Records for Historians (Chichester, 2000), p. 140.
  • Barbara English, Yorkshire Enclosure Awards (Hull, 1985), p. xi. Until the late nineteenth century, parishes in Yorkshire were much larger than today and might include several townships. In 1894 the townships were converted into the new civil parishes. Thus the term ‘township’ includes not just a built settlement but the land, cultivated or common, around it.
  • English, Yorkshire Enclosure Awards, p. xi.
  • Thomas Jefferys, The County of York, Survey’d in MDCCLXVII, VIII, IX and MDCCLXX (London, 1772).
  • Smith DoreenE., ‘Otley: a Study of a Market Town during the Late Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries’, YAJ, 52 (1980), 147.
  • Smith, ‘Otley’, 147, 143 n.5.
  • For clarity, modern place-names have been used. Where place-names in enclosure awards and maps differ from modern ones they are given in quotation marks.
  • Edmund Bogg, Two Thousand Miles in Wharfedale (London, 1904), p. 287.
  • Yorkshire Archaeological Society, Fawkes of Farnley Collection, DD161/30H.
  • This perception continued until long after the trust was wound up in 1872 and its functions passed to the local highway authority. The Ordnance Survey map of 1893 shows that the milestones along the road gave the distances to Harrogate and Otley rather than to Bradford; by the time of publication of the 1909 map new milestones had been set up in different locations and showed distances to Killinghall and Bradford (http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html, OS, 1:10,560, Yorkshire 188 (1893); 1:2,500, Yorkshire, 188 (1909)).
  • YAS, DD161/11B/4.
  • West Yorkshire Archive Service, Leeds, RDP49 (Kirkby Overblow Parish Records).
  • WYAS, Wakefield, WRRD B18 p. 214, and plan vol. 1/29.
  • OS, Explorer Map 297 Lower Wharfedale & Washburn Valley, 1:25,000, Edition B3, rev. 2003 & 2010. North Yorkshire County Council state (private correspondence, 23 May 2011) that it is a UUR (unsurfaced unclassified road) and that, pending classification, it has the status of a public footpath. The exact route, provided by NYCC, now goes around the field allotted to Walter Fawkes (see below) instead of straight across it.
  • http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html, OS, 1:10,560, Yorkshire 188 (1851).
  • John Tuke, Map of the County of York (London, 1787).
  • This bridle road and footway have since been merged into a single bridleway from Gravelly Hill past the house now called Newby Manor, emerging on the A658.
  • YAS, Fawkes of Farnley Collection, DD161/30A/7.
  • http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html, OS, 1:10,560, Yorkshire 188 (1851).
  • The bridge is no longer in use, being blocked off on the Huby side by a fence along the beck, and with a pile of large stones on it, presumably removed from the field.
  • Don Cole, Tracks and Roads in a Yorkshire Parish (Leeds, 1996), p. 23.
  • Wright GeoffreyN., Roads and Trackways of the Yorkshire Dales (Ashbourne, 1985), p. 99.
  • Brigg JohnJ., ‘Some Old West Riding Milestones’, YAJ, 22 (1913), 30-9; 23 (1915), 345–8; ‘Customary Milestones’, YAJ, 30 (1931), 173–7.
  • Bogg, Two Thousand Miles, p. 303.
  • Brigg, ‘Some Old West Riding Milestones’, YAJ, 23 (1915), 346.
  • http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html, OS, 1:10,560, Yorkshire 188 (1851).
  • http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html, OS, 1:2,500, Yorkshire 188 (1921).
  • http://www.old-maps.co.uk/maps.html, OS, 1:2,500, Yorkshire 188 (1964).
  • OS, Explorer Map 297 Lower Wharfedale & Washburn Valley, 1:25,000, Edition B3, rev. 2003 & 2010; Landranger Map 104, Leeds & Bradford, 1:50,000, Edition C4, rev. 1997 & 2009.
  • Mingay G.E., Parliamentary Enclosure in England: an Introduction to its Causes, Incidence and Impact, 1750–1850 (London, 1997), p. 49.
  • A History of Harrogate and Knaresborough, ed. Bernard Jennings (Huddersfield, 1970), p. 287.
  • WYAS, Wakefield, Dudley Hill, Killinghall and Harrogate Turnpike Trust, RT31/7 (letter from Enoch Blackburn to Edward Teale, 7 Feb. 1838).
  • YAS, DD161/30A/7.
  • Bogg, Two Thousand Miles, pp. 286–7.
  • WYAS, Wakefield, RT31/11 (plan of intended route).

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