- Pearce Joseph, Literary Converts: Spiritual Inspiration in an Age of Unbelief (San Francisco, 1999).
- Goffin Magdalen, The Watkin Path: an Approach to Belief (Brighton, 2006); Christina Scott, A Historian and His World: A Life of Christopher Dawson (New Brunswick, 1992).
- University of St Thomas (St Paul), University of Mary, Aquinas College, and others.
- Dominic Aidan Bellenger, ‘Watkin, Edward Ingram’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004), www.oxforddnb.com.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. 39.
- Scott, Historian and His World, p. 49.
- Arnold Toynbee, review of Religion and the Rise of Western Culture in Hibbert Journal, 49 (1950), 4.
- ‘Great Mother’ and ‘Theandrican Bread’ are obscure. The Great Mother can refer to any mother goddess but also to the Virgin Mary. ‘Theandric’ means ‘by joint agency, of divine and human nature in Christ’ (Concise Oxford Dictionary).
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. 264.
- Scott, Historian and His World, p. 38.
- Watkin E.I., The Catholic Centre (New York, 1939).
- Watkin E.I., Catholic Art and Culture (New York, 1944), acknowledgments.
- ‘Christopher Dawson’, Proc. British Academy, 57 (1971), 439–52.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. x.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. ix.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. x.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, pp. 138, 262, 272.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. 46. Mrs Tatham was a childless married woman Watkin once met who helped look out for him. She was a good influence and their friendship lasted throughout Watkin’s life.
- Scott, Historian and His World, p. 27.
- Dai Greatcoat: a Self-Portrait of David Jones in His Letters, ed. René Hague (London, 1980), 72.
- Dawson M.L., Burnsall Church and its Story (Grassington, 2000). Mary was an unusually learned woman who grew up in Hay on the Welsh border. She had a passionate interest in Welsh history and became an expert on ancient churches in Wales and on Celtic saints, translating their writings from Welsh. She published articles in the journal of the Cambrian Archaeological Association and corresponded with antiquaries and church historians such as the Rev. Sabine Baring-Gould (1834–1924) (see fn. 40, below).
- Marie Hartley and Joan Ingilby, Vanishing Folkways (New York, 1968), pp. 51, 75, 92.
- Christopher Dawson, ‘Memories of a Victorian Childhood’, in Scott, Historian and His World, p. 221.
- Notes on Halliwell Sutcliffe by John B. Wordsworth: http://www.users.waitrose.com/˜jbwords/hs1.html; ‘Novelist’s Love Affair with Dales Landscape’, Yorkshire Post, 16 Nov. 2007.
- Girouard Mark, The Return of Camelot: Chivalry and the English Gentleman (New Haven, 1981), preface.
- Girouard, Return of Camelot, pp. 3–5.
- Fussell Paul, The Great War and Modern Memory (Oxford, 2000); Stefan Goebel, The Great War and Medieval Memory: War, Remembrance and Medievalism in Britain and Germany, 1914–1940 (Cambridge, 2007).
- The Catholic revival in England actually began before the Oxford Movement, in Cambridge while Digby was there in the 1820s: see Bernard Holland, Memoir of Kenelm Henry Digby (New York, 1919), ch. 3.
- Girouard, Return of Camelot, pp. 61–2, 254–5.
- Kenelm Digby, The Broad Stone of Honour, vol. 1 Godefridus (London, 1877), p. 109.
- Goffin, Watkin Path, p. 77.
- Scott, Historian and His World, p. 236.
- Gemma Galgani (1878–1903), Italian mystic who experienced visions and helped raise her younger siblings after her parents died; canonized in 1940. Watkin may have been reading The Life of Gemma Galgani by her spiritual director Fr. Germanus (Germano) Ruoppolo.
- Augustin Poulain (b. 1836), Jesuit priest, professor of mathematics, and renowned theological expert on private revelations, wrote Des Graces d’oraison, which appeared in English as The Graces of Interior Prayer (London, 1910).
- The Arundel Club was an arts organization founded in London in 1904 for the purpose of continuing more effectively the work of the Arundel Society (1849–97), encouraging the study of art by reproducing the best works of old masters. Presumably, Watkin here refers to these prints, which were often of religious scenes. The society and the club were named after the Earl of Arundel (1585–1646), an English courtier and art collector who collected the Arundel Marbles, a collection of Greek marbles with important inscriptions from which historians have confirmed many dates in Greek history.
- The meaning of ‘G & L’ is not clear.
- The River Dibb, a tributary of the Wharfe, flows below Hartlington Hall.
- Dawson wrote in his memoir: ‘Behind the house the stream ran back for miles into the hills, entirely solitary, without road or house, sometimes narrowing to a deep chasm between the rocks and then widening again to a wooded valley. At one point, about a mile upstream where the valley changed its direction and turned north, there was a deserted lead mine with lateral shafts driven into the hillside. Here one could sit on a stone platform high up on the hillside looking down on the treetops two hundred feet below and see the whole extent of the solitary valley, running up on the right to the high moors backed by the heavy mass of Great Whernside where the snow lay far into the spring and sometimes even early summer’. Christopher Dawson, ‘Memories of a Victorian Childhood’, in Scott, Historian and His World, p. 231.
- Albrecht Dürer painted Salvator Mundi in 1526.
- The Rev. Sabine Baring-Gould (1834–1924), an English hagiographer, antiquarian, novelist, Anglican priest, and eclectic scholar, wrote the hymn ‘Onward, Christian Soldiers’. The Lives of the British Saints: the Saints of Wales and Cornwall and Such Irish Saints as Have Dedications in Britain, by Baring-Gould and John Fisher, was published in four volumes (London, 1907–13).
- St Cadoc was a sixth-century Welsh saint and monk who proselytized in Brittany and Wales.
- Albert le Grand (1599–1641), hagiographer and Dominican brother from Brittany, published this book in 1637, influencing the great religious revival then occurring in the diocese of St Pol de Léon. The title of the book was actually Les Vies des Saints de la Bretaigne Armorique.
- Godefridus, the first volume of Digby’s 1828–9 enlarged version of The Broad Stone of Honour; named after Godfrey of Boulogne (c. 1060–1100), a Frankish knight and hero of the First Crusade from 1096 until his death.
- King was a friend of Watkin and part of a small group at New College, Oxford, which met regularly to discuss the mysteries of life and death. The group was called the New College Catholics (‘Catholic’ was not equated by all of its members with Roman Catholicism). King became an Anglican clergyman. He volunteered to fight in World War I and was killed.
- ‘Crinitus’ means ‘with long hair’. Apollo often appeared as a young man with long, golden hair.
- The large, turreted bridge crossing the River Wharfe hides the pipe carrying water from Nidderdale reservoirs to the cities of West Yorkshire, including Bradford and Leeds.
- ‘Devil’s Bridge’ is applied to two or three dozen ancient bridges said in local folklore to have been constructed either by the Devil, with the help of the Devil, or in some cases against the wishes of the Devil. Found primarily in Europe, most of these bridges are stone or masonry arch bridges and represent a significant technological achievement. Local lore often wrongly attributed them to the Roman era, but in fact many are medieval, having been built between 1000 and 1600.
- The highest mountain in the Yorkshire Dales, twenty miles WNW of Burnsall.
- ‘You have conquered’
- Fr. Thomas Carter was Watkin’s parish priest at Sheringham. Watkin and his mother travelled with Fr. Carter through the Holy Land in 1912.
- ‘Mr Spooner (junior)’, probably William Wycliffe Spooner (1882–1967), eldest son of William Archibald Spooner (1844–1930), the celebrated warden of New College, Oxford (1903–24), whose name is associated with the linguistic lapses called ‘spoonerisms’. Watkin received a letter from the warden while at Hartlington Hall congratulating him for his high marks. William Archibald Spooner and his wife Frances had two sons and five daughters (one of the ‘Miss Spooners’ Watkin mentioned). Of these, Frances Catherine Spooner (1883–1954) was a portrait painter and William Wycliffe Spooner was an engineer and inventor of an industrial drying process. He ran his company in Ilkley, Yorkshire, twelve miles from Burnsall and Hartlington Hall. His interest in art led to the Spooner Collection, which includes many fine watercolours by J. M. W. Turner and others; the collection was bequeathed to the Courtauld Institute on his death.
- Bolton Abbey: Watkin means the twelfth-century Augustinian Bolton Priory on the River Wharfe six miles from Burnsall. The ruins inspired watercolours by J. M. W. Turner and the poem ‘The White Doe of Rylstone’ by William Wordsworth. Dawson wrote of Bolton Priory that it ‘always seemed to me the perfect embodiment of this lost element in the northern culture — a spiritual grace which had once been part of our social tradition and which still survived as a ghostly power brooding over the river and the hills’ (Scott, Historian and His World, p. 235).
- On the River Skirfare ten miles NW of Burnsall.
- While Arncliffe is in Littondale, the river running down the dale is the Skirfare.
- Perhaps Kilnsey Crag, south of Hawkswick.
- Little Gidding, now in Cambridgeshire, was the home of an Anglican religious community established in 1626 by Nicholas Ferrar (1592–1637), an English scholar, courtier, businessman, and man of religion. The community ended with the death of John Ferrar in 1657, and inspired T. S. Eliot to write the poem of that name in The Four Quartets. Watkin and Dawson travelled there while at school in Bletsoe in 1906 and were much impressed with the atmosphere of peace and prayer that invested the church (Scott, Historian and His World, p. 38).
- Probably the lead-smelting factory just north of Burnsall.
- Short opening, formal prayers in the Tridentine Mass.
- Village on the River Wharfe 12 miles NW of Burnsall.
- A village nineteen miles by road W of Burnsall.
- The Queen of the Air: Being a Study of the Greek Myths of Cloud and Storm (1869), by John Ruskin.
Yorkshire Archaeological Journal
A Review of History and Archaeology in the County
Volume 84, 2012 - Issue 1